2021年山東省濰坊市中考英語真題（含詳解）

PAGE2021年山東省濰坊市中考英語試卷一、閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1．Alex：Lookatthatguyoverthere.Dave：Whatabouthim？Alex：That'sTonySmith.Dave：Oh，Tony.That'sright.Hegoestoballet（芭蕾舞）classes.Alex：Yeah，that'sweird!Aboy!Doingballet!Dave：Hey.Tony.Doyouwanttoplayfootballwithus？Alex：Orareyouworriedaboutyourprettylittledancingfeet？Dave：Alex，shutup!Don'tlistentohim，Tony，he'sstupid!Tony：Youknow，Alex，Ilikeplayingfootball.And，no，I'mnotworriedaboutmyfeet.Alex：Oh，yeah？Butdoingballet...Tony：Ilikeballet.It'snotmyproblemifyoudon'tlikeit!Alex：Well，Imean，it'sdifferent，isn'tit？Foraboy...Tony：Sowhat？（1）Theunderlinedword"weird"inPicture2hasthesimilarmeaningto.A.awfulB.strangeC.fantasticD.interesting（2）InAlex'sopinion，.A.DaveisdifferentB.balletisonlyforgirlsC.footballisonlyforboysD.Tonyisworriedabouthisfeet（3）Thethreeboysaremainlytalkingabout.A.dancesB.sportsC.hobbiesD.classes2．（8分）The6﹣year﹣oldgirl，Ruby，livedinNewOrleans，Louisiana..Shewassupposedtogotoschoolclosetoherhome.Butallthestudentsinthatschoolwerewhite.Rubywasblack.Schoolleadersdidn'twanttoaccepther，sotheymadeRubytakeahardexamandhopedshewouldfail.ButRubywassosmartthatshepassedthetesteasilyandwasfinallyallowedtogototheschool.Rubywasexcitedabouthernewschool.Butwhensheandhermomarrivedonherfirstday，shesawacrowdofangrypeopleshoutingverycruelthingsatthegate.Theydidnotwantablackchildtoattendtheschool."Ihadnoideawhatwashappening，"rememberedRuby.Shethoughtthecrowdwascelebratingsomething.Eachday.Rubywenttoschoolwithfourpoliceofficerswhoworkedforthenationalgovernmenttoprotecther.ThesightofthissmallgirlwithherbigbodyguardsmovedtheartistNormanRockwell.HecreatedapaintingofRuby.HecalleditTheProblemWeAllLiveWith"，Itbecameaveryfamouspainting.Rubygrewuptobeacivilrightsactivist.Sheworkedtoprotecttherightsgiventoallcitizensbythegovernment.SheevenwenttotheWhiteHousetomeetPresidentBarackObama.TheylookedatMr.Rockwell'spainting.IthungoutsidetheOvalOffice."Weshouldneverjudgeapersonbythecoloroftheirskin，"Rubysaid."That'sthelessonIlearnedinfirstgrade."（1）HowcouldRubygetthechancetogototheschool？A.Bymeetingthepresident.B.Bypassingadifficultexam.C.Byvisitingtheschoolleaders.D.Byaskingforhelpfromthegovernment.（2）Whatwasthecrowdprobablyshoutingattheschoolgate？A.Noseatsforblack!B.Congratulations!C.Letherin!D.Welcome!（3）WhydidMr.Rockwellcreatethepainting？A.TocelebrateRuby'ssuccess.B.Topresenthispaintingskills.C.Topraisethefourpoliceofficers.D.ToshowtheserioussocialproblemintheUS.（4）WhatlessondidRubylearninfirstgrade？A.Fightforyourrights.B.Intelligence（智商）isvaluable.C.Treatpeopleofdifferentcolorsequally（平等地）.D.Gethelpfromthepolicewhenintrouble.3．（8分）Everythingismadeofsomething.Nothingismadeofnothing.Chemistryisaboutthesmallestthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof，andwhathappenswhentheychange.Thewordchemistrycomesfromchemical，whichisanexampleofonetypeoftheverysmallthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof.Thewordsyouarereadingnowaremadeofadarkliquidcalledink（墨水），whichiswrittenonpaper.Thepaperitselfismadeoutofthechemicalsthatwoodismadeoutof.Boththeinkandthepaperweremadebydifferentchemicalprocesses.Achemicalprocessiswhathappenswhenchemicalscometogethertomakeotherchemicals，andthereforeotherthings.Cookingmakeschemicalchanges.Yourdifferentingredientsaremadeofdifferentchemicals，andwhenyouputthemtogetherandmakethemhotandcookthem，thechemicalschangeintonewchemicalsandthedifferentingredientsmakesomethingnew.Thattomatosauceyou'remakingismadeoftomatoes，onions，garlic，saltandpepper.Thoseingredientseachhavetheirownchemicalsandtheirownflavors，butnowwithyoursauceyou'vemadesomethingdifferent，somethingthathasitsownflavor，alltheingredientsmixedtogether，allthechemicalsmixedtogether，somethingnew.Youcansmellthechemicalchanges，too，astheygoupintoyournose，especiallywhenyouforgetaboutyoursauceanditdoesn'tjustcookbutbumsandbecomesblackandhasareallybadflavor.Youcan'tmakeitbetter，either，becauseoncechemicalschange，theycan'tbechangedbackagain.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph2referto？A.Chemistry.B.Chemical.C.Thesmallestthings.D.Thebiggerthings.（2）Whatisachemicalprocess？A.Inkiswrittenonpaper.B.Paperismadeoutofwood.C.Everythingismadeofsomething.D.Thingsmixedtogetherproducesomethingnew.（3）WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout？A.Howtomaketomatosauce.B.Whattousetoformnewthings.C.Ingredientsandtheirownflavors.D.Chemicalchangesincookingfood.（4）Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext？A.Whatchemistryislike.B.Chemistrychangeseverything.C.Wherethewordchemistrycomesfrom.D.Achemicalprocessiscalledchemistry.4．（8分）Everytimeyou'reonline，youarebombarded（如炮轟）bypictures，articles，linksandvideostryingtotelltheirstory.（1）Readthesetips，anddon'tgetfooledbyfakenews!1.Checkthesource（來源）（2）Doesitlookreal？Isthetextwellwritten？Fakenewswebsitesoftenuseaddressesthatsoundlikerealnewspapers，butdon'thavemanyrealstoriesaboutothertopics.2.WatchoutforfakephotosManyfakenewsstoriesuseimages（圖像）thatarePhotoshoppedortakenfromanunrelatedsite.Sometimes，ifyoujustlookcloselyatanimage，youcanseeifithasbeenchanged.OruseatoollikeGoogleReverseImagesearch.3.（3）Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites，thenitprobablyisn'tfake（althoughtherearesomeexceptions）.4.LookforothersignsThereareothermethodsthatfakenewsuses.TheseincludeusingALLCAPS（全大寫）andlotsofadsthatcomeoutwhenyouclickonalink.（4）Ifthenewsstorymakesyouangry，it'sprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry.Ifyouknowthesethingsaboutonlinenews，andcanusetheminyoureverydaylife，thenyouhavethecontroloverwhattoreadandwhattobelieve.Ifyoufindanewsstorythatyouknowisfake，themostimportantadviceis：don'tshareit!根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A.Checkthestoryisinotherplaces.B.Unluckily，notallofthesestoriesaretrue.C.Fakenewsstoriesoftenspreadmuchfaster.D.Also，thinkabouthowthestorymakesyoufeel.E.Lookatthewebsitewherethestorycomesfrom.二、語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。5．（10分）Spacesuitsdon'tjustmakeastronautslookcool.Withoutthese（1）suits，astronautswouldn'tbeabletoleavetheirspaceship.Thatistosay，theywouldn'tbeableto（2）ontheMoonorworkoutsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.Spaceisa（3）placeforhumanbeings.Firstly，thereisnoairtobreathe.Secondly，spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation（輻射），energythatcanpassthroughourbodiesandmakeus（4）.Thirdly，somepartsofspacearereallycold（5）otherpartsareveryhot.Soastronautscoulddieinjustafewsecondsifthey（6）outsidetheirspaceshipwithouttheirsuits.Withaspacesuit，though，astronautscanmovearoundinspaceforseveralhours.Spacesuitskeepastronauts（7）sealed（密封的）inside.AbackpacksendsO2intoletastronautsbreathenormally.Atthesametime，theCO2（8）astronautsbreatheoutissuckedaway.Thesuitalsoprotectsthemfromharmfulradiationandfast﹣movingspacedust.（9）thespacesuitisanothersuitthatlookslikeapairoftightpajamas（睡衣）withlittlepipesrunningthroughthem.Waterrunsthroughthesepipesto（10）astronautsbecausewearingaspacesuitcanmakeastronautsveryhot!（1）A.privateB.specialC.plasticD.expensive（2）A.runB.walkC.liveD.surf（3）A.funnyB.naturalC.beautifulD.dangerous（4）A.sickB.boredC.strongD.relaxed（5）A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.while（6）A.rushedB.jumpedC.steppedD.escaped（7）A.safelyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.terribly（8）A.whoB.thisC.thatD.whether（9）A.AboveB.UnderC.BehindD.Between（10）A.washawayB.warmupC.cooloffD.cleanout閱讀下面短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞。6．（10分）Iknewthatmyfather'saunt，BetseyTrotwood，livedsomewherenearDover，soIdecidedtolookforher.Ihadtowalkthereandthejourneytooksixlongdays.WhenIgottoDover，Iaskedafewpeopleandtheytoldmewhere（1）（go）.WhenMissBetseysawme，sheshouted：Goaway!Don'twalkonmygrass!""Please，madam，"Isaidbravely，"please，AuntBetsey...""What!"shecried，（2）（look）atmeingreatsurprise."Please，AuntBetsey，I'myournephewDavidCopperfield.YoucameonthenightIwasbornandsawmydearmother.Mylife（3）（be）verymiserablesinceshedied.MystepfathersentmetoworkinLondonandIhateditandranaway.ThensomeonestolemymoneyandIhadtowalk..."Ifeltweakandsuddenlyfelltotheground.Myauntpickedmeupandtookmeintohersittingroom.WhileI（4）（eat），myauntaskedmealotofquestions.Iwastiredafterthelongday.SoonIfellasleepinawarm，（5）（comfort）bed.Severaldays（6）（late）mystepfather，Mr.Murdstonearrived."Davidisaverybadboy，violentandlazy，maybethe（7）（bad）boyintheworld，"hesaid（8）（angry）."WefoundhimagoodjobinLondonbutheranaway.Nowhemust（9）（punish）!"AuntBetseylistenedtohimcarefullyand（10）（reply），"Idon'tbelieveawordyousay.Iknowyou'vebeencrueltothisboyandhispoormother.I'lllookafterDavidfromnowon.Nowgetoutofhere!"三、翻譯句子（共4小題；每小題1.5分，滿分6.0分）用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的詞或短語，將下列句子翻譯成英語。7．（1.5分）浪費(fèi)這么好吃的食物真是可惜。（waste，such）8．（1.5分）袁隆平被譽(yù)為"雜交水稻（hybridrice）之父"。（name）9．（1.5分）昨天經(jīng)過討論，我們才知道如何解決這個(gè)問題。（not...until...）10．（1.5分）中國(guó)的祝融號(hào)火星探測(cè)器（Zhurongrover）已經(jīng)成功登陸火星（Mars）。（landon）四、閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；滿分9分。其中第1小題1分，其余每小題9分）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。11．（9分）Long，longago，therelivedanunhappyking.Hesleptbadlyanddidn'tfeellikeeating.Oneday，adoctorwascalledintoexaminetheking.Buthefoundnothingwrongwithhisbody."It'sallinhismind.Neithermedicinenorrestcanhelphim.Whatheneedsistheshirtofahappypersontowear.That'llmakehimhappy."Theprimeministerwascalledtothepalace.Buthesaidthat_____hehadalotofpower，itdidn'tmakehimhappy.Healwaysworriedthatmanypeopleweretryingtotakehisposition.Thenthebankercame."Oh，I'mafraidI'mnothappy，either，"hesaid，"Ihavealotofwealth，butIfeelnervouswhenIthinksomeonetriestostealmymoneyeveryday."Finally，thetopgeneralwastoldtogooutandfindahappymaninthreedays.Hesearchedandsearchedbutcouldn'tfindanyone.Itseemedthateveryonehadtheirownproblems，andnoonewastrulyhappy.Twodayspassed.Justashewasabouttogiveup，hesawapoormanonthestreeteatingwithhishandsandsinginghappilytohimself.Thegeneralwentuptohimandasked，"Whatmakesyousohappy？Youhavenopower.moneyorfame."Thepoormansmiled，"IhaveeverythingIwant，andIdon'twantwhatIcan'thave.SoI'mhappy.""Great!YouaretheverymanI'mlookingfor，"thegeneralsaidingreatjoy."ThenIneedtogiveyourshirttoourking.Howmuchdoyouwantforit？""Shirt？I'venoshirtatall."（1）Whatwaswrongwiththeking？（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題）（2）FillintheblankinParagraph2withaproperword.（在第二段空白處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使句意完整）（3）Accordingtothepassage，boththeprimeministerandthebankerfeltunhappybecausetheyalwaysworriedaboutwhattheyhadgot.（在句子空白處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使句意完整，語法正確）（4）Whywasithardforthegeneraltofindahappyman？（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題）（5）TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.（將文中劃線句子翻譯成漢語）五、寫作（滿分15分）12．（15分）TeensAroundtheWorld是一個(gè)國(guó)際青少年網(wǎng)站，近日有人發(fā)帖，討論"發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中的小歡喜"。假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)結(jié)合自己的生活體會(huì)，用英語跟帖。注意：1.不要出現(xiàn)考生本人信息；2.80詞左右。TeensAroundtheWorldSubject：DiscoverthelittlehappinessindailylifeHey，guys!Thesedaysmanyteenagerssaytheynearlyforgethowtosmile.Infact，littlehappinessiseverywhereinourdailylife.Trytothinkaboutonethingthatmakesyoufeelhappy.Whathappenedandwhatdidyoudoatthatmoment？Pleaseshareyourstorywithus.Emily，England____________________LiHua，China一、閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1．Alex：Lookatthatguyoverthere.Dave：Whatabouthim？Alex：That'sTonySmith.Dave：Oh，Tony.That'sright.Hegoestoballet（芭蕾舞）classes.Alex：Yeah，that'sweird!Aboy!Doingballet!Dave：Hey.Tony.Doyouwanttoplayfootballwithus？Alex：Orareyouworriedaboutyourprettylittledancingfeet？Dave：Alex，shutup!Don'tlistentohim，Tony，he'sstupid!Tony：Youknow，Alex，Ilikeplayingfootball.And，no，I'mnotworriedaboutmyfeet.Alex：Oh，yeah？Butdoingballet...Tony：Ilikeballet.It'snotmyproblemifyoudon'tlikeit!Alex：Well，Imean，it'sdifferent，isn'tit？Foraboy...Tony：Sowhat？（1）Theunderlinedword"weird"inPicture2hasthesimilarmeaningto.A.awfulB.strangeC.fantasticD.interesting（2）InAlex'sopinion，.A.DaveisdifferentB.balletisonlyforgirlsC.footballisonlyforboysD.Tonyisworriedabouthisfeet（3）ThethreeboysaremainlytalkingaboutC.A.dancesB.sportsC.hobbiesD.classes【分析】文章講了三個(gè)男孩主要在談?wù)搻酆??！窘獯稹浚?）B.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Alex：Yeah，that'sweird!Aboy!Doingballet!可知，亞歷克斯：是啊，真奇怪！一個(gè)男孩！跳芭蕾！所以圖2中帶下劃線的單詞"weird"的意思與strange奇怪相似。故選B.（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alex：Yeah，that'sweird!Aboy!Doingballet!可知，亞歷克斯：是啊，真奇怪！一個(gè)男孩！跳芭蕾！所以在亞歷克斯看來芭蕾舞只適合女孩。故選D.（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)Alex：Yeah，that'sweird!Aboy!Doingballet!Dave：Hey.Tony.Doyouwanttoplayfootballwithus？Alex：Orareyouworriedaboutyourprettylittledancingfeet？Dave：Alex，shutup!Don'tlistentohim，Tony，he'sstupid!Tony：Youknow，Alex，Ilikeplayingfootball.And，no，I'mnotworriedaboutmyfeet.Alex：Oh，yeah？Butdoingballet...可知亞歷克斯：是啊，真奇怪！一個(gè)男孩！跳芭蕾！戴夫：嘿，托尼。你想和我們一起踢足球嗎？亞歷克斯：還是你擔(dān)心你那可愛的舞步。戴夫：亞歷克斯，閉嘴！別聽他的，托尼，他很蠢！托尼：你知道，亞歷克斯，我喜歡踢足球。而且，不，我不擔(dān)心我的腳。亞歷克斯：哦，是嗎？但是跳芭蕾……。所以這三個(gè)男孩主要在談?wù)搻酆?。故選C.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做閱讀題，先瀏覽文章把握大意，然后根據(jù)選項(xiàng)中提供的關(guān)鍵詞去文中尋找答案。2．（8分）The6﹣year﹣oldgirl，Ruby，livedinNewOrleans，Louisiana..Shewassupposedtogotoschoolclosetoherhome.Butallthestudentsinthatschoolwerewhite.Rubywasblack.Schoolleadersdidn'twanttoaccepther，sotheymadeRubytakeahardexamandhopedshewouldfail.ButRubywassosmartthatshepassedthetesteasilyandwasfinallyallowedtogototheschool.Rubywasexcitedabouthernewschool.Butwhensheandhermomarrivedonherfirstday，shesawacrowdofangrypeopleshoutingverycruelthingsatthegate.Theydidnotwantablackchildtoattendtheschool."Ihadnoideawhatwashappening，"rememberedRuby.Shethoughtthecrowdwascelebratingsomething.Eachday.Rubywenttoschoolwithfourpoliceofficerswhoworkedforthenationalgovernmenttoprotecther.ThesightofthissmallgirlwithherbigbodyguardsmovedtheartistNormanRockwell.HecreatedapaintingofRuby.HecalleditTheProblemWeAllLiveWith"，Itbecameaveryfamouspainting.Rubygrewuptobeacivilrightsactivist.Sheworkedtoprotecttherightsgiventoallcitizensbythegovernment.SheevenwenttotheWhiteHousetomeetPresidentBarackObama.TheylookedatMr.Rockwell'spainting.IthungoutsidetheOvalOffice."Weshouldneverjudgeapersonbythecoloroftheirskin，"Rubysaid."That'sthelessonIlearnedinfirstgrade."（1）HowcouldRubygetthechancetogototheschool？A.Bymeetingthepresident.B.Bypassingadifficultexam.C.Byvisitingtheschoolleaders.D.Byaskingforhelpfromthegovernment.（2）Whatwasthecrowdprobablyshoutingattheschoolgate？AA.Noseatsforblack!B.Congratulations!C.Letherin!D.Welcome!（3）WhydidMr.Rockwellcreatethepainting？DA.TocelebrateRuby'ssuccess.B.Topresenthispaintingskills.C.Topraisethefourpoliceofficers.D.ToshowtheserioussocialproblemintheUS.（4）WhatlessondidRubylearninfirstgrade？CA.Fightforyourrights.B.Intelligence（智商）isvaluable.C.Treatpeopleofdifferentcolorsequally（平等地）.D.Gethelpfromthepolicewhenintrouble.【分析】文章講了美國(guó)嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問題﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣種族歧視問題?！窘獯稹浚?）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rubywasblack.Schoolleadersdidn'twanttoaccepther，sotheymadeRubytakeahardexamandhopedshewouldfail.可知，魯比是黑人。學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不想接受她，所以他們讓魯比參加了一次艱苦的考試，希望她能不及格。所以魯比通過一次困難的考試才能有機(jī)會(huì)去上學(xué)。故選B.（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)Rubywasexcitedabouthernewschool.Butwhensheandhermomarrivedonherfirstday，shesawacrowdofangrypeopleshoutingverycruelthingsatthegate.Theydidnotwantablackchildtoattendtheschool.可知，魯比對(duì)自己的新學(xué)校很興奮。但當(dāng)她和媽媽第一天到學(xué)校時(shí)，她看到一群憤怒的人在門口喊著非常殘忍的話。他們不想讓一個(gè)黑人孩子上學(xué)。所以可推測(cè)人群在學(xué)校門口可能在喊黑人沒有座位！故選A.（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Eachday.Rubywenttoschoolwithfourpoliceofficerswhoworkedforthenationalgovernmenttoprotecther.ThesightofthissmallgirlwithherbigbodyguardsmovedtheartistNormanRockwell.HecreatedapaintingofRuby.HecalleditTheProblemWeAllLiveWith"，Itbecameaveryfamouspainting.可知，每天，魯比都和四名為國(guó)家政府工作的警察一起上學(xué)，他們保護(hù)她。看到這個(gè)小女孩和她的大保鏢，藝術(shù)家諾曼·羅克韋爾感動(dòng)了她。他創(chuàng)作了一幅魯比的畫。他稱之為"我們共同生活的問題"，這幅畫成了一幅非常有名的畫。所以羅克韋爾先生要?jiǎng)?chuàng)作這幅畫是為了顯示美國(guó)嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問題。故選D.（4）C.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)"Weshouldneverjudgeapersonbythecoloroftheirskin，"Rubysaid."That'sthelessonIlearnedinfirstgrade."可知魯比說："我們決不能以膚色來判斷一個(gè)人。"這是我一年級(jí)學(xué)到的一課。"所以魯比在一年級(jí)上的課是平等地對(duì)待不同膚色的人。故選C.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做閱讀題，先瀏覽文章把握大意，然后根據(jù)選項(xiàng)中提供的關(guān)鍵詞去文中尋找答案。3．（8分）Everythingismadeofsomething.Nothingismadeofnothing.Chemistryisaboutthesmallestthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof，andwhathappenswhentheychange.Thewordchemistrycomesfromchemical，whichisanexampleofonetypeoftheverysmallthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof.Thewordsyouarereadingnowaremadeofadarkliquidcalledink（墨水），whichiswrittenonpaper.Thepaperitselfismadeoutofthechemicalsthatwoodismadeoutof.Boththeinkandthepaperweremadebydifferentchemicalprocesses.Achemicalprocessiswhathappenswhenchemicalscometogethertomakeotherchemicals，andthereforeotherthings.Cookingmakeschemicalchanges.Yourdifferentingredientsaremadeofdifferentchemicals，andwhenyouputthemtogetherandmakethemhotandcookthem，thechemicalschangeintonewchemicalsandthedifferentingredientsmakesomethingnew.Thattomatosauceyou'remakingismadeoftomatoes，onions，garlic，saltandpepper.Thoseingredientseachhavetheirownchemicalsandtheirownflavors，butnowwithyoursauceyou'vemadesomethingdifferent，somethingthathasitsownflavor，alltheingredientsmixedtogether，allthechemicalsmixedtogether，somethingnew.Youcansmellthechemicalchanges，too，astheygoupintoyournose，especiallywhenyouforgetaboutyoursauceanditdoesn'tjustcookbutbumsandbecomesblackandhasareallybadflavor.Youcan'tmakeitbetter，either，becauseoncechemicalschange，theycan'tbechangedbackagain.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph2referto？CA.Chemistry.B.Chemical.C.Thesmallestthings.D.Thebiggerthings.（2）Whatisachemicalprocess？A.Inkiswrittenonpaper.B.Paperismadeoutofwood.C.Everythingismadeofsomething.D.Thingsmixedtogetherproducesomethingnew.（3）WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout？DA.Howtomaketomatosauce.B.Whattousetoformnewthings.C.Ingredientsandtheirownflavors.D.Chemicalchangesincookingfood.（4）Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext？DA.Whatchemistryislike.B.Chemistrychangeseverything.C.Wherethewordchemistrycomesfrom.D.Achemicalprocessiscalledchemistry.【分析】本文主要介紹了發(fā)生化學(xué)變化的過程叫做化學(xué)?！窘獯稹浚?）C.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Chemistryisaboutthesmallestthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof，andwhathappenswhentheychange.可知化學(xué)是關(guān)于其他更大的東西所組成的最小的東西，以及當(dāng)它們改變時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。根據(jù)前后文含義以及結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處they指的是"最小的事物"，故選D.（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thepaperitselfismadeoutofthechemicalsthatwoodismadeoutof.可知紙張本身是由木材所用的化學(xué)物質(zhì)制成的。故選B.（3）D.段落大意題。根據(jù)Cookingmakeschemicalchanges.Yourdifferentingredientsaremadeofdifferentchemicals，andwhenyouputthemtogetherandmakethemhotandcookthem，thechemicalschangeintonewchemicalsandthedifferentingredientsmakesomethingnew.可知烹調(diào)會(huì)產(chǎn)生化學(xué)變化。你的不同配料是由不同的化學(xué)物質(zhì)組成的，當(dāng)你把它們放在一起加熱烹調(diào)時(shí)，化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)變成新的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，不同的配料會(huì)產(chǎn)生新的東西。因此可知第三段主要介紹了烹飪食物中的化學(xué)變化。故選D.（4）D.標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)Chemistryisaboutthesmallestthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof，andwhathappenswhentheychange.Thewordchemistrycomesfromchemical，whichisanexampleofonetypeoftheverysmallthingsthatotherbiggerthingsaremadeof.化學(xué)是關(guān)于其他更大的東西組成的最小的東西，以及當(dāng)它們改變時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。化學(xué)這個(gè)詞來自化學(xué)，它是其他更大的東西組成的一種非常小的東西的一個(gè)例子。以及Achemicalprocessiswhathappenswhenchemicalscometogethertomakeotherchemicals，andthereforeotherthings.化學(xué)過程是指化學(xué)物質(zhì)結(jié)合在一起形成其他化學(xué)物質(zhì)，從而形成其他東西的過程。可知本文主要介紹了發(fā)生化學(xué)變化的過程叫做化學(xué)。所以標(biāo)題為"Achemicalprocessiscalledchemistry."最為適合。故選D.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做題時(shí)首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。4．（8分）Everytimeyou'reonline，youarebombarded（如炮轟）bypictures，articles，linksandvideostryingtotelltheirstory.（1）Readthesetips，anddon'tgetfooledbyfakenews!1.Checkthesource（來源）（2）EDoesitlookreal？Isthetextwellwritten？Fakenewswebsitesoftenuseaddressesthatsoundlikerealnewspapers，butdon'thavemanyrealstoriesaboutothertopics.2.WatchoutforfakephotosManyfakenewsstoriesuseimages（圖像）thatarePhotoshoppedortakenfromanunrelatedsite.Sometimes，ifyoujustlookcloselyatanimage，youcanseeifithasbeenchanged.OruseatoollikeGoogleReverseImagesearch.3.（3）ALooktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites，thenitprobablyisn'tfake（althoughtherearesomeexceptions）.4.LookforothersignsThereareothermethodsthatfakenewsuses.TheseincludeusingALLCAPS（全大寫）andlotsofadsthatcomeoutwhenyouclickonalink.（4）DIfthenewsstorymakesyouangry，it'sprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry.Ifyouknowthesethingsaboutonlinenews，andcanusetheminyoureverydaylife，thenyouhavethecontroloverwhattoreadandwhattobelieve.Ifyoufindanewsstorythatyouknowisfake，themostimportantadviceis：don'tshareit!根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A.Checkthestoryisinotherplaces.B.Unluckily，notallofthesestoriesaretrue.C.Fakenewsstoriesoftenspreadmuchfaster.D.Also，thinkabouthowthestorymakesyoufeel.E.Lookatthewebsitewherethestorycomesfrom.【分析】短文講了每次你上網(wǎng)，你都會(huì)被試圖講述他們故事的圖片、文章、鏈接和視頻轟炸。詳細(xì)地介紹了不要被假新聞?dòng)夼囊恍┬√崾尽！窘獯稹考?xì)節(jié)推理題。（1）B.根據(jù)前句"Everytimeyou'reonline，youarebombarded（如炮轟）bypictures，articles，linksandvideotryingtotelltheirstory."每次你上網(wǎng)，你都會(huì)被試圖講述他們故事的圖片、文章、鏈接和視頻轟炸?？芍f的是一些故事，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說不幸的是，并非所有這些故事都是真的。故選B。（2）E.根據(jù)前句"Checkthesource（來源）"可知說的是查看來源，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說看看這個(gè)故事的網(wǎng)站。故選E。（3）A.根據(jù)后句"Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.看看你正在讀的故事是不是在其他你知道和信任的新聞網(wǎng)站上，"可知說的是查一查，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說查查這個(gè)故事在其他地方。故選A。（4）D.根據(jù)后句"Ifthenewsstorymakesyouangry，it'sprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry.如果新聞故事讓你生氣，它可能是為了讓你生氣。"可知說的是你的感受，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說同時(shí)，想想這個(gè)故事給你的感覺。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理地分析才能得出正確的答案。二、語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。5．（10分）Spacesuitsdon'tjustmakeastronautslookcool.Withoutthese（1）suits，astronautswouldn'tbeabletoleavetheirspaceship.Thatistosay，theywouldn'tbeableto（2）ontheMoonorworkoutsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.Spaceisa（3）Dplaceforhumanbeings.Firstly，thereisnoairtobreathe.Secondly，spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation（輻射），energythatcanpassthroughourbodiesandmakeus（4）A.Thirdly，somepartsofspacearereallycold（5）Dotherpartsareveryhot.Soastronautscoulddieinjustafewsecondsifthey（6）Aoutsidetheirspaceshipwithouttheirsuits.Withaspacesuit，though，astronautscanmovearoundinspaceforseveralhours.Spacesuitskeepastronauts（7）Asealed（密封的）inside.AbackpacksendsO2intoletastronautsbreathenormally.Atthesametime，theCO2（8）Castronautsbreatheoutissuckedaway.Thesuitalsoprotectsthemfromharmfulradiationandfast﹣movingspacedust.（9）thespacesuitisanothersuitthatlookslikeapairoftightpajamas（睡衣）withlittlepipesrunningthroughthem.Waterrunsthroughthesepipesto（10）Castronautsbecausewearingaspacesuitcanmakeastronautsveryhot!（1）A.privateB.specialC.plasticD.expensive（2）A.runB.walkC.liveD.surf（3）A.funnyB.naturalC.beautifulD.dangerous（4）A.sickB.boredC.strongD.relaxed（5）A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.while（6）A.rushedB.jumpedC.steppedD.escaped（7）A.safelyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.terribly（8）A.whoB.thisC.thatD.whether（9）A.AboveB.UnderC.BehindD.Between（10）A.washawayB.warmupC.cooloffD.cleanout【分析】文章介紹了宇航員太空服的重要性及功能?！窘獯稹浚?）B形容詞辨析。A私人的，B特殊的，C塑料的，D貴的，根據(jù)常識(shí)及下文，可知宇航員的服裝是特殊的，故答案是B。（2）B動(dòng)詞辨析。A跑，B走，C生活，D沖浪，根據(jù)theywouldn'tbeableto（2）ontheMoon應(yīng)該是沒有這些衣服，他們不能在月球上走，故答案是B。（3）D形容詞辨析。A有趣的，B自然的，C漂亮的，D危險(xiǎn)的，根據(jù)下文Firstly，thereisnoairtobreathe首先，沒有空氣可以呼吸，可知太空是危險(xiǎn)的地方，故答案是D。（4）A形容詞辨析。A生病的，B無聊的，C強(qiáng)壯的，D放松的，根據(jù)上文spacealsohashighlevelsofradiation（輻射），提到了輻射，穿過人類，應(yīng)該是會(huì)讓我們生病，故答案是A。（5）D連詞辨析。A在...之后，B自從，C在...之前，D然而，根據(jù)somepartsofspacearereallycold（5）otherpartsareveryhot應(yīng)該是太空中有些地方很冷，而另一些地方很熱，故答案是D。（6）A動(dòng)詞辨析。A沖，B跳，C邁步，D逃脫，根據(jù)語境：因此，如果宇航員不穿宇航服沖出太空船，他們可能在幾秒鐘內(nèi)死亡。rushout沖出，故答案是A。（7）A副詞辨析。A安全地，B快速地，C安靜地，D可怕地，根據(jù)上文可知太空服保證宇航員的安全，故答案是A。（8）C連詞辨析。A誰，B這個(gè)，C那個(gè)，D是否，根據(jù)題干，是定語從句，先行詞theCO2是物，用that，故答案是C。（9）B介詞辨析。A在...上方，B在...下，C在...后面，D在兩者之間，根據(jù)語境：在宇航服下面（里面）是另一套看起來像一件緊身睡衣的宇航服，里面有小管子，故答案是B。（10）C短語辨析。A沖走，B熱身，C冷卻，D清理，根據(jù)后面becausewearingaspacesuitcanmakeastronautsveryhot因?yàn)榇┯詈椒?huì)讓宇航員很熱，可知這些小管子是降溫的，故答案是C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空。根據(jù)所給的短文對(duì)意思有所了解，然后根據(jù)短文的大體意思，選擇每個(gè)符合題意的答案，使短文更通順。閱讀下面短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞。6．（10分）Iknewthatmyfather'saunt，BetseyTrotwood，livedsomewherenearDover，soIdecidedtolookforher.Ihadtowalkthereandthejourneytooksixlongdays.WhenIgottoDover，Iaskedafewpeopleandtheytoldmewhere（1）togo（go）.WhenMissBetseysawme，sheshouted：Goaway!Don'twalkonmygrass!""Please，madam，"Isaidbravely，"please，AuntBetsey...""What!"shecried，（2）looking（look）atmeingreatsurprise."Please，AuntBetsey，I'myournephewDavidCopperfield.YoucameonthenightIwasbornandsawmydearmother.Mylif