2024年牛津深圳版英語中考語法專項第六講中考易混動詞辨析講義

第六講中考易混動詞辨析教學內(nèi)容：1．意義相近動詞的用法區(qū)別。2．常用動詞習慣用法3．跟蹤鞏固練習一．join，takepartin，attend三個詞都表示"參加"Join一般指加入"黨派"或組織,如參軍，入黨等takepartin只參加聚會活動；attend一般指出席會議。Whendidyoubrotherjointhearmy.We'lltakepartinsocialpracticeduringthesummervacation.He'llattendanimportantmeetingtomorrow.二．takeplace，happen1).takeplace表示發(fā)生、舉行、舉辦，一般指非偶然性事件的發(fā)生，即這種事件的發(fā)生一定有某種原因或事先的安排，例如：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometownduringthepasttenyears.TheOlympicGamesof2008willtakeplaceinBeijing.2).happen作發(fā)生、碰巧解，一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件，例如：Whathappenedtoyou?(一般不說：Whatdidyouhappen?)Ihappenedtoseehimonmywayhome.=IthappenedthatIsawhimonmywayhome.三．hear與listen聽者兩不同hear是瞬間行為動詞，指聽見某人說話或者做事發(fā)出的聲音，即聽的結(jié)果（指已聽見了）。Listen指有意識的去聽，即聽的過程，是延續(xù)性不及物動詞，常用Listento(doing)sth.。比較：Ilistenedhard,butcouldhearnothing.我努力聽，但什么也沒聽見。hearof,hearabout,hearfrom,hearthat1.hearof(=hearabout)指(間接地)聽說、聽到，賓語可用名詞、代詞、動名詞及what從句。如：Iheardof(about)thenews.我聽說過此消息。2.hearfrom指收到……來信。(=get或receivealetterfrom…)如：Ihaven'theardfromyouforalongtime.3.hearthat+賓語從句如：Ihearthathewillebacktomorrow.putabout散布，傳播（不實的消息）putaside（忽視，不理睬）putaway（放好）putdown（放下，記下）putforward（提出；建議）putoff（推遲）puton（穿上）putout（撲滅；熄滅）putup（舉起，張貼，增加）1.Firefighterssoon______________thefire.2.Someone’sbeen_______it_______thatyouplantoresign.3.Theydecideto______________thedifferences.4.ThemeetingisonJan.5th.______________thedateinyourdiary.5.They______________asuggestionto________________themeeting.6.It’scoldoutside.______________yourcoatbeforeyougooutside.7.TheflighttoGuangzhouhadtobe_____________becauseoftheheavysnow.8.Please______________yourhandsifyouhaveanyquestionstoask.9.Theyhave______________therentby20pounds.______________theclotheswhenyoutakethemoff.五．takeoff(脫掉衣服，起飛)，takephotos(照相)，taketime(花費時間)，takeout(取出)，takeaseat(坐下)，takeanactivepartin(積極參加)，takecareof(照顧；照料)，takeexercise(做運動)，takeone'splace(坐某人的位置；代替某人的職務)，taketurn(輪流)，talkabout(談話；交談)，turnon(打開電燈、收音機、煤氣、自來水等)，turnoff(關(guān)閉電燈，收音機，煤氣，自來水等)，turnup(把聲音調(diào)高),turndown(調(diào)低音量；拒絕)，turnover(把......翻過來)，thinkof(認為；想起),thinkabout(考慮),thinkup(想出),takeiteasy(放松，不緊張),takepridein(對...感到自豪)隨時練：1)It'stoocoldinthelab.You'dbetternot______yourcoat.A.putawayB.putonC.takeofftakeaway－Doyouknowtheyoungwomanwhoyourfatheris______?－Oh,sheisournewEnglishteacher.Theyare_______myEnglishhomework.A.talkabout;talktoB.talkto;talkofC.talkingwith;talkingaboutD.talkingabout;talkingwith3).It'stoonoisyhere.Pleaseaskherto_______themusicalittle.A.turndownB.falldownC.shutdownD.edown4).________thoselights,please.Don'tusetoomuchenergy.A.TakeoffB.PutonC.TurnoffD.Turnon5).—Whatdoyou______China?－Ilikeitverymuch.A.thinkofB.thinkoverC.thinkaboutD.thinkto—短語辨析和固定搭配1.Itwassuchafunnyshowthatpeoplecouldn'thelp____________againandagain.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughing—It'stimefortheweatherreport.CouldI_____________theTV,Dad?—Goahead,please.Ialsowanttoknowabouttheweatherfortomorrow.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turndown3.Whenyouleavethereadingroom,youshouldrememberto______thelights.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnoff4.Jimmyhassixteenbrokenbikesto___andgiveawaytokidswhodon'thavebikes.A.fixupB.setupC.putup5.Smokingisbadforyourhealth.You'reright.Idecideto_________.A.takeitdownB.finditoutC.turnitoffD.giveitup6.Mygrandpaissleeping.Willyouplease_____theradio?A.turndownB.turnupC.turnon7.IlovethissongbyLadyGaga.Wouldyou_____theTVabit,please?Ican'thearitclearly.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turnupD.turndown8.Mrs.Wangalwaysasksusto_____conversationsintheEnglishclasses．A．makeupB．turnupC．endupD．lookup9.Mygrandpaissleeping.Willyouplease_____theradio?A.turndownB.turnupC.turnon10.Weshouldlearnhowto______wellwithpeoplearoundus.A.getalongB.getdownC.gettoD.getup11.—Idon'tthinkwecanfindanewdaytoworkouttheproblem.—Butwe'dbetternot_________.A.endupB.handoutC.giveupD.putoutPeter,thelightinyourroom________thewholenight.Whatwereyoudoing?Oh,Iwasbusywritingareport.A.turnsonB.turnedonC.isonD.wasonAfterwinningthebadmintonchampionshipatWuhanSportsCenterinMay,theChineseplayers"faces_____withjoy.A.madeupB.tookupC.putupD.litup14.Lee________allnightinordertowatchthefootballmatchbetweenFranceandItaly.A.putupB.stayedupC.gotupD.showedup15.It'scoldoutside.You'dbetter______yourcoat.A.putonB.takeoffC.putaway16.It'scoldoutside.You'dbetter______yourcoatandscarf.A.workoutB.putoutC.haveonD.puton—Excuseme,Sir.Butsmokingisnotallowedhere.—Sorry,Ididn'tseethesign.I'll________mycigaretteatonce.A.putoutB.putawayC.putupD.putoff18.Maggiewantedaneveningjobthatwouldallowherto___hersonduringtheday.A.lookatB.lookaroundC.lookafterD.lookout19.—Allen,yourbedroomisinamess?—Sorry,Mum,I'll______mythingsatonce.A.putonB.putawayC.putoutD.putup20.Don'tforgettotakeyourbagwhenyou_______thebus.A.getoffB.takeoffC.turnoffD.putoff21.CaoWenxuan'snewbookhasjust________.Let'sgoandbuyone.A.eoverB.edownC.eonD.eout—Don't_______,mychildren.Keepworkinghardandyouwillwinthematch.—Thankyou,Mr.Zhang.We'lltryourbest.A.putupB.callupC.setupD.giveup23.Moreandmorestudents____toomuchhomeworkandtheyarereallytiredofit.A.plainaboutB.careaboutC.learnaboutD.hearabout24.Davidwroteastoryaboutteenagelife,andit____asabookin2003.A.wentoutB.cameupC.grewupD.cameout25.CangoandfindoutwhentheplanetoNewYork________?A.putsoffB.getsoffC.takesoffD.breaksoff26.—Whichhobbydoyouthink______theleasttime?—Collectingstamps.A.takesupB.tidiesupC.givesupD.makesupIt'stimefortheweatherreport.CouldI_______theTV,Dad?Goahead,please.Ialsowanttoknowabouttheweatherfortomorrow.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turndown28.IlovethissongbyLadyGaga.Wouldyou_______theTVabit,please?Ican'thearitclearly.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turnupD.turndown29.He______gooutwithhisparents,butnowhe______stayingathomealone.A.usedto；isusedtoB.isusedto；usedtoC.useto；isusedto—Yoursweaterlooksverynice.What'sitmade__________?—Wool,andit'smade__________Guiyang.A.from,onB.of,inC.of,onD.from,in31.Mysisterisill.Ihaveto_______herathome.A.lookatB.lookupC.lookafterD.lookfor—Hi,Ann!Iwonthefirstprizeinthe'EnglishSpeechContest.—Congratulations!AndIguessyourparentsmust_____you.A.bemadatB.beproudofC.beangrywithD.beimpoliteto33.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds_____iteveryday.A.practisetospeakB.topractisespeakingC.practisespeaking—Ihaveaproblem.Idon'tknowwhattodo.—Let'saskDickforhelp.Hecan_____agoodideatosolveyourproblem.A.thinkupB.giveupC.hangoutD.laughat35.WheneverIseethebirds,I'll______flyinginthesky.A.thinkupB.dreamofC.workonD.pickup36.Attentionplease.Theplanewill______infiveminutes.A.takeoutB.takeafterC.takeoffD.takecare37.—Couldyouplease_______themusic?Mybabyissleeping.—Sorry.Iwilldoitrightaway.A.openupB.turndownC.dropbyD.dressup38.—Ted,Couldyouplease________thetrash?—Ofcourse,Mom.A.takeafterB.takeoffC.takeoutD.takecareof39.Don't___________thebusuntilitstops,A.turnoffB.putonC.getoffD.setup40.Ifyoulovewhatyouaredoingandworkhard,youwill________anythingdifficultandsucceed.A.gettoB.getoverC.getonD.getup常用動詞習慣用法1.allowsbtodosth允許某人去做某事（后接動詞不定式）Myfatherallowedmetogooutforawalkafterfinishingmyhomework.2.askedsb(not)todosth叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）Myfatheraskedmetostudyhard.Heaskedmenottoswimalone.beaskedtodosth被叫去做某事/被邀請去做某事Iwasaskedtohaveadinnerwiththemyesterday.3.(1)beafraidofdoingsth的用法①擔心會發(fā)生某事或某情況(但實際上未必會發(fā)生)。如：Shewasafraidofwakingherhusband.她怕吵醒她丈夫。Iwasafraidofhurtingherfeelings.我怕傷害她的感情。注：beafraidofdoingsth表示擔心會發(fā)生某事或某情況時，其后也可用beafraidthat替換。如：Hewasafraidoflosingface.＝Hewasafraid(that)he'dloseface.他怕失面子。②害怕做某事或不敢做某事(指缺乏勇氣或害怕其后果而不敢)。如：I'mafraidoftellingher.我不敢告訴她。Hewasafraidofjumping.他不敢跳。(2)beafraidtodosth的用法beafraidtodosth的意思是：害怕做某事或不敢做某事。如：Hewasafraidtoflyinaplane.他不敢坐飛機。Hewasafraidtogointothehouseandmeethisfather.他不敢進屋去見他父親。6.beamazedtodosth對做某事感到驚訝Hewasamazedtomeetthegirlthere.beamazedatsth對某事感到驚訝Theywereamazedatthenews.7.bebusydoing/withsth忙于做某事（常考）e.g:Iwasbusywashingmycaratthattime.那時候我正忙于清洗我的車子。Iambusywithmywork.8.being/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移動詞用進行時態(tài)時表將來）Thebusising/thedogisdying.9.beexcitedtodosth對做……感到興奮Jackywasexcitedtotraveltherebyplane.beexcitedatsthLilywasexcitedathiswords.beexcitedaboutdoingsthHewasexcitedaboutpassingtheexamwithoutgoingoverbooks.10.befrightenedtodosth害怕去做某事Samisfrightenedtorideahorse.11.beglad/happytodosth高興去做某事Sheishappytocleantheblackboardwithme.bepleasedtodosth高興做某事Shewaspleasedtohelptheoldmanyesterday.bepleasedwithsth對某事感到高興/滿意Eg.Theteacherwaspleasedwithmyanswer.12.beinterestedinsth/doingsth對某事感興趣/對做某事感興趣Eg.Sheisinterestedinswimmingintheriver.MybrotherisinterestedinChinese.13.be/getreadyfor/todosthbereadyforsth為某事做好了準備Eg.Wearereadyfortheexam.bereadytodosth為做某事做好了準備Eg.Wearereadytohaveabirthdaypartyforher.getreadyforsth為某事在做準備Eg.Wearegettingreadyfortheexam.getreadyforsth為做某事而做準備13.besorrytodosth對做某事感到抱歉14.besurprisedtodosth對做某事感到驚奇Eg.Shewassurprisedtofindshewaslost.besurprisedatsth對某事感到驚奇Eg.Shewassurprisedtofindshewaslost.beworthdoingsth值得做某事（worth后接動詞ing形式，?？迹〦g.Thebookisworthreadingasecondtime.16.begintodosthbegin/starttodo/doingsth(開始去做某事)can/beabletoafford(tobuy)sth有能力購買（供）……Atthisrate,wewon'tbeabletoaffordaholiday.18.can/may/mustdosthcould/would/should/mightdosth19.can'twaittodosth迫不急待地去做某事20.decidetodosth決定去做某事makeupone'smindtodosth下決心去做某事（?？迹﹎akeadecisiontodosth對做某事作出決定Wedecidetosetoffat8o’clocktomorrowmorning.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________deservetodosth值得/應該做……Thesepeopledeservetomakemorethantheminimumwage.這些人應該得到高于最低工資的報酬。22.encouragesb.todosth鼓勵某人去做某事23.enjoydoingsth樂意去做某事24.expect(sb)todosth期望去做某事25.failtodosth做某事失敗succeeddoingsth成功做了某事26.finishdoingsth做完某事（后接動詞ing形式）（?？迹?7.followsbtodosth跟隨某人去做某事28.getsbtodosth/makesbdosth/letsbdosth(讓某人做某事（后接動詞原形）)29.get/haveachancetodosth得到一個做某事的機會30.give/pass/show/lend/sellsbsth/sthtosbbuy/get/bringsbsth/sthforsb31.goontodosth.表示“接著做另一件事”，即接下去做與原來不同的一件事（?？迹〦g.Aftertheyhadreadthetext,thestudentswentontodotheexercises讀完課文后，學生們繼續(xù)做練習。goondoingsth表示“繼續(xù)不停地做某事或間斷后繼續(xù)做原來沒有做完的事”（?？迹〦g.Thestudentswentontalkingandlaughingalltheway一路上學生們一直有說有笑。hatetodosth.表示討厭去做某事(未做)Shehatestogetupearlythismorning.hatetodoingsth.是討厭做某事(在做)HehatesgettingupearlyonSundays.周日時他不喜歡早起。havefun(in)doingsth做某事有趣Wehadfunridingourbicyclestothebeachtoday.34.havedifficulty(in)doingsth./havetrouble(in)doingsth做某事遇到困難Wehavemuchdifficulty(in)understandingwhathesays.Hewashavingtroublehearingher.他發(fā)現(xiàn)要聽清楚她說話很困難。35.havesbdosth讓某人做某事havesthdone讓某物被havesthtodo有事情要做36.hearsbdosth聽到某人做某事（后接動詞原形，?？迹﹉earsbdoingsth聽到某人正在做某事（常見）37.helptodosth幫忙做某事helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事38.hope/wishtodosth希望做某事wishsbtodosth希望某人做某事39.Itseemsthat這像是……（后接從句）seemtodosthseem+adj40.It's+adj+(forsb)todosth.It's+adj+(ofsb)todosthe.g:It'sgladforhimtohearthenews.41.Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth.花費某人多長時間做某事（常考）42.pay…for…costspend…on…..ittake…todosth43.It'sbestforsbtodosth.對某人來說做某事是最好的hadbetterdosth最好做某事（注意had沒有時態(tài)和人稱的變化，better后接動詞原形）44.It'stimeforsbtodosth是某人做某事的時候了45.keep(on)doingsth不斷地或一直做某事(動作之間略有間隔)。（常考）如：Eg.Don’tkeeponaskingquestionslikethat.不要老是問那樣的問題。keepsbdoingsth讓某人做某事（?？迹〦g.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.對不起讓你等了。keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事（?？迹〦g.Therainkeptusfromgoingout.下雨使我們沒法出去。keepsb/sth+adjkeepthebookfor2days借這本書兩天（不要用borrow或lend）46.learntodosth學做某事learnsthfromsb向某人學習47.liketodo/doingsth喜歡做某事likesbtodosth喜歡某人做某事48.needtodosthneeddoingsth/tobedoneneedsthneedn'tdosth(需要做某事)prefertodosthratherthandosth寧愿……而不愿……（常考）Hepreferredtodieratherthanbeeatraitor.他寧死也不做叛徒。preferdoingsthtodoingsth喜歡做……勝過做……e.g:Ipreferreadingbookstogoingshopping.比起購物來，我更愛讀書。prefertodosth（表示特定場合下）更喜歡做某事Iprefertogetupearlytopreparefortomorrow’sexam.50.refusetodosth拒絕做……51.1）rememberdoingsth.記得做過…事(已做過)remembertodosth.記住去做…事(還沒做)如：①Iwillremembertotellheraboutit.②Don'tyouremembertellingmethestoryyesterday?2）forgetdoingsth.忘記做過…事(已做)forgettodosth.忘記該做…事(還未做)如：①Iforgetwritingthatletter.②Iforgettobringthedictionarywithme.52.seesbdosth看見某人做某事（結(jié)果）seesbdoingsth看見某人正在做某事（正在進行中）beseentodosth做某事被看見53.somethingtoeat/drink一些吃/喝的東西（詞不定式放在something等后修飾這些詞）e.g:Ineedsomethingtoeat.我要一些吃的東西。54.spendsometime(in)doingsth/onsth花費時間做某事（注意動詞要用ing形式）（常考）e.g:Theyspentonehourswimmingattheweekend.spendsomemoneyonsth/doingsth買……花了多少錢e.g:Ispent50yuanonthisbook.55.Sthishard/difficult/easytodo.做好某事很難/容易56.stoptodosth停下來去某事（兩件事）（?？迹〩ewatchedTVforanhour．At8hestoppedtodohishomework.stopdoingsth停止做某事（一件事）（常考）HestoppedwatchingTVat8o’clock.stopsb(from)doingsth阻止某人做某事（?？迹?7.taketurnstodosth輪流做……58.tellsb(not)todosth叫某人去（不要）做某事betoldtodosth被告知不要做某事59.Thereisnoneed(forsb)todosth對某人來說沒必要做某事60.Thereisnotime(forsb)todosthhavenotimetodosth沒時間做某事61.too…(forsb)to…太……以致不能……so…that…not…enoughtodoe.g:Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.那男孩太小了以致不能上學。try/doone'sb