陜西省安康市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1陜西省安康市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anactor.B.Amagazine.C.Amovie.2.Whatdidthewomanlovedrinkingasakid?A.Softdrinks.B.Tea.C.Milk.3.HowwillthespeakersgettotheForestZoo?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.4.Whatisthemangoingtodointhesummervacation?A.Dosomehousework.B.Visithisformerclassmates.C.Watchmovies.5.Howmightthegirlfeelintheend?A.Confident.B.Relieved.C.Annoyed.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白，每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichstreetisthemanlookingfor?A.BridgeStreet.B.GaryStreet.C.ThirdStreet.7.Whatshouldthemandofirst?A.Turnright.B.Turnleft.C.DoaU-turn.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Overthephone.B.Atthewoman’shouse.C.Ataparty.9.WhenwillthespeakersgotoLosAngeles?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.10.WhatwillthemandonextTuesday?A.Takeaninterview.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Seeamovie.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Friends.12.What’sMary’sdisadvantage?A.Sheiscareless.B.Sheneverworksovertime.C.Shelacksworkingexperience.13.WhatdoweknowaboutBob?A.He’shardtogetalongwith.B.He’sacollegestudent.C.Hehasjuststartedwork.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Howistheman’sbusinessnow?A.Great.B.Justso-so.C.Terrible.15.Howmanyofficesdoesthemanhavenow?A.Three.B.Two.C.One.16.WheredoesthemanplantoopenupanofficeinOctober?A.InHongKong.B.InSingapore.C.InBeijing.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakerprobably?A.Ahostess.B.Aprofessor.C.Atourguide.18.WhatdoGermansthinkofkitchenknivespresentedasgifts?A.Traditional.B.Unlucky.C.Friendly.19.WhichofthefollowingisanItaliancustom?A.Giftsareexchangedwithincompanies.B.Thewitchgivesgiftstoadults.C.Weddingguests“buy”thegroom’stieslices.20.WhatisanappropriategiftforabusinessmeetinginAustralia?A.Acoffeecup.B.AT-shirt.C.Abaseballcap.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATherearemanyclassicalculturesinChina.Allofthemhaveaverylonghistory.Hereweintroducefourofthem.ChineseHandwritingChinesehandwritingisaspecialarttoAsiancultures.Brushhandwritingismuchlovedaroundtheworld.WangXizhiisveryfamousforhishandwriting.HemadeagreatdifferencetothedevelopmentofChinesehandwriting.ChineseFolkMusicChinesefolkmusichasalonghistory.ItisconnectedwithChineseancientstories.Oneoftheclassics,Shijing,includessomefolksongsin15differentareasfromtheWestZhouDynastytotheSpringandAutumnPeriod.TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsincludeguqin,guzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandsoon.ChinesePaintingChinesepaintingisoneoftheoldesttraditionalpaintingformsintheworld.MostoftheChinesepaintingsinancientChinaweredoneonpaperorsilk.TraditionalChinesepaintingincludesmountainsandwater,figures(人物),flowersandbirds.Thepaintingsshowdifferentfeaturesduringthedifferenthistoricalperiods.WeiqiWeiqi,called“yi”inancientChina,isasmartboardgamebetweentwoplayerswithahistoryofover3,000years.Thegamecanbetreatedasthebeginningofallancientchessgames.ItwasintroducedtoKoreaabout2,000yearsagoandwaspopularamongthehigherclasses.1.The__________isatraditionalChineseinstrument.A.piano B.violin C.pipa D.guitar2.Chinesepaintingincludesthefollowingexcept__________.A.mountainsandwater B.figuresC.flowersandbirds D.dogs3.Whatdoweknowaboutweiqifromthepassage?A.Itisagamebetweentwopeople.B.ItisonlypopularinChina.C.Ithasahistoryofover2,000years.D.ItwasintroducedtoKoreaabout3,000yearsago.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國的書法、民樂、繪畫以及圍棋等四種經(jīng)典傳統(tǒng)文化?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChineseFolkMusic部分中的“TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsincludeguqin,guzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandsoon.(中國傳統(tǒng)樂器有古琴、古箏、琵琶、二胡、簫等。)”可知，琵琶是中國傳統(tǒng)樂器。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChinesePainting部分中的“TraditionalChinesepaintingincludesmountainsandwater,figures(人物),flowersandbirds.(中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫包括山水、人物、花鳥。)”可知，中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫中沒有狗。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Weiqi小標(biāo)題下“Weiqi,called“yi”inancientchina,isasmartboardgamebetweentwoplayerswithahistoryofover3,000yeas.(圍棋，在中國古代被稱為“弈”，是一種有3000多年歷史的兩個玩家之間的智力棋盤游戲。)”可知，圍棋是一種兩個玩家之間的益智游戲，由此可知，它是一種兩個人之間的游戲。故選A項(xiàng)。BLastnightatwork,agirlcameinandsatatthebar.Sheaskedforacupofwaterandamenuandeventuallyorderedabaconcheeseburgerwhichcostsroughly$12atmyrestaurant.Aftereatingforafewminutes,sheaskedmeforanapkin(餐巾)andapen.Isawherwritingonthenapkinbutdidn’tthinkanythingofit.WhenIturnedaround,shewasgone.AsIwenttoclearherplate,Inoticedthatshehadlefta$100billalongwithanotethatread,“Todaymarksmy14thdayofchemo(化療)alongwithmy26thbirthday.Life’sbeengoodtomesofar,andIthinkIwillpassmyluckontosomeoneelse.Haveagreatnight!”Ihaveneverbeensotouchedbyastrangerinmyentirelife.About3monthsago,myownmotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer,sothishitveryclosetohome.Havingjustwitnessedmymothercompletedherfirst5-weekcycleofchemo,Iknowthepainandexhaustionthisyoungwomanisfeeling.Ontopofthechemo,shewasselflessenoughonherownbirthdaythatshegaveastrangeragift.ThisyoungwomanhascompletelytouchedmysoulandhasaffectedmylifeinawaythatIwillneverforget.Ihopetoseeheragainoneday,soIcantellherhowmuchherrandomactofkindnesshastouchedmeandfinallychangedmylife.ThankyouforbeingsuchabeautifulpersonandIpraythatyougetwell.Thankyouformakingtheworldabetterplace.4.Theauthormightworkasa______.A.singer B.doctor C.cook D.waitress5.Howdidthegirlofferherkindness?A.Bygivingsomeeconomicsupporttosomeoneinneed.B.Byofferingfreechemotosomeoneelse.C.Bybuyingadinnerforsomeoneelse.D.Bywritingaletterfullofkindness.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hitveryclosetohome”inParagraph3mean?A.Tomakesomebodygohome.B.Toknowsomebody’saddress.C.Tohaveastrongeffectonsomebody.D.Tosendfoodtosomebody’shome.7.Whydoestheauthorwanttoseethegirlagain?A.Tothankherforthemoneysheleft.B.Totellherwhateffectshehasontheauthor.C.Totellhersheisverybeautiful.D.Towishhergoodluckingettingwell.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.C7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了身為服務(wù)員的作者在工作時，無意中接受了陌生女孩的善良，從而深受感動的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Sheaskedforacupofwaterandamenuandeventuallyorderedabaconcheeseburgerwhichcostsroughly$12atmyrestaurant.(她要了一杯水和一份菜單，最后點(diǎn)了一個培根芝士漢堡，在我的餐廳大概要12美元。)”以及第二段第四句“AsIwenttoclearherplate,Inoticedthatshehadlefta$100billalongwithanote.(當(dāng)我去清理她的盤子時，我注意到她留下了一張100美元的鈔票和一張便條。)”可知，作者是一家餐廳的服務(wù)員。故選D。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Sheaskedforacupofwaterandamenuandeventuallyorderedabaconcheeseburgerwhichcostsroughly$12atmyrestaurant.(她要了一杯水和一份菜單，最后點(diǎn)了一個培根芝士漢堡，在我的餐廳大概要12美元。)”以及根據(jù)第二段第四、五、六句“AsIwenttoclearherplate,Inoticedthatshehadlefta$100billalongwithanotethatread,“Todaymarksmy14thdayofchemo(化療)alongwithmy26thbirthday.Life’sbeengoodtomesofar,andIthinkIwillpassmyluckontosomeoneelse.Haveagreatnight!”(當(dāng)我去清理她的盤子時，我注意到她留下了一張100美元的鈔票和一張紙條，上面寫著：“今天是我化療的第14天，也是我26歲的生日。到目前為止，生活一直對我很好，我想我會把我的運(yùn)氣傳給別人。祝你晚上愉快！”)”可知，女孩吃飯需要12美元，但是她留下了100美元作為禮物給陌生人。女孩給需要幫助的人一些經(jīng)濟(jì)支持。故選A?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Ihaveneverbeensotouchedbyastrangerinmyentirelife.About3monthsago,myownmotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer,sothishitveryclosetohome.(我這輩子還從沒被陌生人這么感動過。大約3個月前，我的母親被診斷出肺癌，所以這件事hitveryclosetohome.。)”可知，首先，作者從未如此被陌生人感動過。其次，作者因?yàn)榕⒌男袨橄氲搅俗约旱哪赣H也正經(jīng)歷病痛，所以觸動很大。由此可推知劃線短語為“對作者觸動很大”。故選C。【7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Ihopetoseeheragainoneday,soIcantellherhowmuchherrandomactofkindnesshastouchedmeandfinallychangedmylife.(我希望有一天能再見到她，這樣我就可以告訴她，她隨意的善舉是如何打動了我，并最終改變了我的生活。)”可知，作者因?yàn)榕⒌碾S意善舉生活有了變化，由此可知，作者想再次見到女孩時告訴她，她對作者產(chǎn)生的影響。故選B。CTechnologyiseverywhere.Almostallofuscarrysomepieceoftechnologywithuseverytime.It’struetosaythattechnologymakesourliveseasier.However,scientistsaresayingthatweneedtogiveourselvesabreak-otherwiseweputourselvesatriskofdevelopinghundredsofhealthproblems.Withallthisfreetime,whynotputittogooduseanddosomethingwithouttechnology?Tostartwith,youcouldlearnanewskill.Therearehundredsofpossibilities:crafts(工藝),cooking,learningamusicalinstrumentoranewsport.Maybeyou’vealwayswantedtolearntocookforyourfamily,buthaven’thadtime?Perhapsyoufeellikelearninghowtoknit(編織),soyoucanhaveanewsweaterfortheautumn?Youcoulduseyourfreetimetolearnsomethingnew—andperhapsitwillleadtoanexcitingchanceinthefuture.Ifyoujustwanttorelax,whynotgotoabeach?Takealongyourfavoritebookandrelaxonthesand,orgoforawalkalongthecoastline.Ifyoudon’tlivenearabeach,youcouldgotoyourlocalpark.Whynottakealongapicnic,ortryanddiscoversomeofthelocalwildlife?Littlethings,likechallengingyourselftocompleteacrosswordoraSudoku,areagreatplacetostart.Youcouldevenfollowthelatestfashion:adultcoloringbooks!Coloringisamazing,anditcanbeanicewaytoescapefromthepressureofmodernlife!Whateveryouchoosetodowithyoursummer,trysomethingnew!Youmightsurpriseyourselfandfindahiddentalentwithinyou;youmightmakenewfriendsalongtheway.Nexttimeyoufindyourselfaimlesslyswitchingchannels,haveathinkatwhatelseyoucouldspendyourtimedoing.8.Accordingtoscientists,usingtechnologycontinuouslymay________.A.makepeoplelivelonger B.solvemanysocialproblemsC.providepeoplewithmorefreetime D.haveabadeffectonpeople’shealth9.Whatissuggestedinthesecondparagraph?A.Learningsomethingnew. B.Takingexcitingchances.C.Makingalivingbyknitting. D.Gettingtogetherwiththefamily.10.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSudoku?A.It’sagreattouristattraction. B.It’sachallenginggame.C.It’sanewfashionshow. D.It’sabookaboutcoloring.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MakeMoreNewFriends B.FollowtheLatestFashionC.MakePlansforSummerHolidays D.TakeaBreakfromTechnology〖答案〗8.D9.A10.B11.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。持續(xù)使用科技會對人們的健康有不良影響，文章針對這一現(xiàn)象，介紹了一些與科技無關(guān)的活動，呼吁大家應(yīng)從科技使用中休息一下。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“It’struetosaythattechnologymakesourliveseasier.However,scientistsaresayingthatweneedtogiveourselvesabreak-otherwiseweputourselvesatriskofdevelopinghundredsofhealthproblems.”（說科技讓我們的生活更容易是真的。然而，科學(xué)家們表示，我們需要讓自己休息一下，否則我們將面臨發(fā)展成數(shù)百個健康問題的風(fēng)險。）可知，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為持續(xù)使用科技會對人們的健康有不良影響。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Youcoulduseyourfreetimetolearnsomethingnew—andperhapsitwillleadtoanexcitingchanceinthefuture.”（你可以利用你的空閑時間學(xué)習(xí)一些新東西——也許這將為你的未來帶來一個令人興奮的機(jī)會。）可知，第二段建議我們學(xué)習(xí)一些新東西。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Littlethings,likechallengingyourselftocompleteacrosswordoraSudoku,areagreatplacetostart.”（一些小事情，比如挑戰(zhàn)自己完成填字游戲或Sudoku，都是一個很好的開始。）可推測，Sudoku與crossword（填字游戲）均為具有挑戰(zhàn)性的小游戲。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Withallthisfreetime,whynotputittogooduseanddosomethingwithouttechnology?”（有了這些空閑時間，為什么不好好利用，做一些與科技無關(guān)的事情呢？）及文章最后一段“Nexttimeyoufindyourselfaimlesslyswitchingchannels,haveathinkatwhatelseyoucouldspendyourtimedoing.”（下次當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己漫無目的地切換頻道時，想想你還能把時間花在什么事情上。）并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了一些與科技無關(guān)的活動，呼吁大家應(yīng)從科技使用中休息一下，因此，TakeaBreakfromTechnology（從科技中休息一下）適合作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DThetraditionofgivinggiftsdidn’tstartwiththemodernholidayswecelebrate.Manyancientculturescelebratedholidayswiththeexchangeofgifts.Peoplewholovetogivegiftsoftencan’twaituntilit’stimefortherecipientstoopentheirgifts.Ifyou’veeverbeengivenagift,youknowthatpartofthefunisthecuriositythatbuildsasyouwonderwhatthegiftis.Thewishtohidetheidentityofagiftuntiljusttherightmomentledpeopletowrapgiftslong,longago.Historiansbelievedwrappinggiftsinpaperprobablystartednotlongafterpaperwasinventedthousandsofyearsago.Wrappingpaperlikewhatweusetoday,though,isamuchmorerecentinvention.Morethan100yearsago,giftswereusuallywrappedinheavybrownpaper.Beforethat,clothwasoftenused.Thetechnologytomass-producewrappingpaperdidn’tcomealonguntiltheearly1900s.ThefirstAmericangiftwrapcompany—Hy-SillManufacturingInc.—wasfoundedbyEliHymanandMorrisSilvermanin1903.Itwasn’taseasytowrappresentsbackthenasitistoday,though,becauseadhesivetape(膠帶)wasn’tinventeduntil1930.Overtheyears,wrappingpaperhasdevelopedintowhatweseeinstoreseachholidayseason.ButscientistssaythattheUnitedStatesaloneproducesanextra5milliontonsofwasteovertheholidays,mostofwhichisfromwrappingpaperandshoppingbags.Tocutdownonthiswaste,somepeoplecarefullyunwrappresents,sothatthewrappingpapercanbereused.Othershavestartedtousereusablegiftbagsinsteadofwrappingpaper.12.Whatistheinterestingpartofpeoplegivingagift?A.Hidingtheirgiftsandtheirfeelings.B.Givingtherecipientsasurprise.C.Lettingtherecipientsopengiftsatonce.D.Followingacentury-oldtradition.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Peopledidn’tknowwrappingpaperuntil1903.B.Heavybrownpaperhasbeenusedtowrapgiftsfor100years.C.Technologymadewrappingpaperwidelyavailable.D.Adhesivetapewasfirstcreatedbygiftwrapcompanies.14.Whatdoscientistsworryabout?A.Thefutureofreusablegiftbags.B.ThewasteproducedbyAmericans.C.Wrappingpaper’sinfluenceontheenvironment.D.People’sadmirationforwrappingpaper.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Thepopularityofwrappinggifts.B.Thestartofwrappinggiftsinpaper.C.Theproblemscausedbywrappingpaper.D.Thestorybehindwrappingpaper.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。作者從節(jié)日期間每人都會送禮物引入話題，介紹了包裝紙的由來和發(fā)展以及帶來的環(huán)境污染等背后的故事。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Ifyou’veeverbeengivenagift,youknowthatpartofthefunisthecuriositythatbuildsasyouwonderwhatthegiftis.(如果你曾經(jīng)收到過一份禮物，你就會知道其中的一部分樂趣是當(dāng)你想知道禮物是什么時產(chǎn)生的好奇心。)”可知，當(dāng)人們收到禮物時，其中的一部分樂趣就是好奇心帶來的驚喜，所以人們送禮物的有趣之處在于引起他的好奇心，給他一個驚喜。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Thetechnologytomass-producewrappingpaperdidn’tcomealonguntiltheearly1900s.(大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)包裝紙的技術(shù)直到20世紀(jì)初才出現(xiàn)。)”可知，大規(guī)模的生產(chǎn)包裝紙技術(shù)使得包裝紙被廣泛使用。故選C。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“ButscientistssaythattheUnitedStatesaloneproducesanextra5milliontonsofwasteovertheholidays,mostofwhichisfromwrappingpaperandshoppingbags.(但科學(xué)家表示，僅美國在節(jié)日期間就會多產(chǎn)生500萬噸垃圾，其中大部分來自包裝紙和購物袋。)”可知，科學(xué)家擔(dān)心包裝紙會帶給環(huán)境壓力。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Historiansbelievedwrappinggiftsinpaperprobablystartednotlongafterpaperwasinventedthousandsofyearsago.(歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為，用紙包裝禮物可能是在幾千年前紙被發(fā)明后不久開始的。)”可知，講述了包裝紙的由來和發(fā)展。再結(jié)合最后一段第二句“ButscientistssaythattheUnitedStatesaloneproducesanextra5milliontonsofwasteovertheholidays,mostofwhichisfromwrappingpaperandshoppingbags.(但科學(xué)家表示，僅美國在節(jié)日期間就會多產(chǎn)生500萬噸垃圾，其中大部分來自包裝紙和購物袋。)”可知，包裝紙會帶來很多垃圾。所以，本文主要介紹了包裝紙的由來和發(fā)展以及帶來的環(huán)境污染等背后的故事。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peopleallneedfriendsbecausenobodywantstobelonely.Afriendcanhelpyouingoodandbadtimes.You’vemadefriendssincechildhood.___16___Herearesomesignstotellyouifyourfriendisatruefriend.AlwaysbehonestHonestyisimportanttokeepyourfriendshipalive.Atruefriendalwaystellsyouthetruth.Itmaybehardsometimesbutlyingcandestroyyourfriendship.___17___AlwaysbethereforyouTherearealwaystimesinyourlifewhenyouhaveproblemsordifficulties.Atruefriendwillalwayshavetimetolistentoyourproblemsandgiveadvice.___18___Butthefactthatyourfriendhastimetolistenshowshecaresforyou.Yourfriendisnotatruefriendifhecannevermaketimeforyouwhenyouareintrouble.___19___Atruefriendwillalwaysshowrespecttoyourideaswhetherheagreesornot.Yourtruefriendmaysaynotoyoubutneverinsiststhatheiscorrect.Atruefriendsetslimitswithyoubecausehecaresforyouandyourrelationshipwithhim.Theselimitsarealsoasymbolofrespectforyouasitcanhelpmaintainyourfriendship.Alwaysbeunderstanding___20___Wearealldifferentpeopleandweallmakemistakes.Atruefriendisalwaysforgivingandunderstandingbecausehedoesn’twanttotaketheriskoflosinghisbestfriend.A.AlwaysberespectfulB.AlwaysbesupportiveC.However,youmaystillnotknowwhoyourtruefriendsare.D.Hemaynotbeabletoofferawayofsolvingyourproblems.E.Hecanalwayshelpyousolveyourproblemsasquicklyaspossible.F.Itispossiblethatsomeproblemswillcomeupbetweenyouandyourfriend.G.Itisimportantthatyourfriendspeakshonestlyandnevertellsliesormakesupstories.〖答案〗16.C17.G18.D19.A20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些真正朋友所具有的品質(zhì)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“You’vemadefriendssincechildhood.(你從小就有很多朋友)”以及后文“Herearesomesignstotellyouifyourfriendisatruefriend.(這里有一些跡象可以告訴你，你的朋友是否是真正的朋友)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出不知道誰是真正的朋友，引出后文的方法。故C選項(xiàng)“然而，你可能仍然不知道誰是你真正的朋友”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Honestyisimportanttokeepyourfriendshipalive.Atruefriendalwaystellsyouthetruth.Itmaybehardsometimesbutlyingcandestroyyourfriendship.(誠實(shí)對保持友誼很重要。一個真正的朋友總是告訴你真相。有時可能很難，但謊言會毀掉你們的友誼)”可知，上文提到了誠實(shí)的重要性，本句為本段最后一句，承接上文繼續(xù)說明朋友的誠實(shí)。故G選項(xiàng)“重要的是，你的朋友說話誠實(shí)，從不說謊或編造故事”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Atruefriendwillalwayshavetimetolistentoyourproblemsandgiveadvice.(真正的朋友總是有時間傾聽你的問題，給你建議)”以及后文“Butthefactthatyourfriendhastimetolistenshowshecaresforyou.Yourfriendisnotatruefriendifhecannevermaketimeforyouwhenyouareintrouble.(但事實(shí)上，你的朋友有時間傾聽，這表明他關(guān)心你。如果你的朋友在你有困難的時候都不能抽出時間來陪你，那他就不是真正的朋友)”可知，后文提到重要的是朋友花時間傾聽，表明很關(guān)心自己，可推測本句是在說明朋友可能有時無法提供解決你問題的建議。故D選項(xiàng)“他可能無法提供解決你問題的方法”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳析】空處為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Atruefriendwillalwaysshowrespecttoyourideaswhetherheagreesornot.Yourtruefriendmaysaynotoyoubutneverinsiststhatheiscorrect.Atruefriendsetslimitswithyoubecausehecaresforyouandyourrelationshipwithhim.Theselimitsarealsoasymbolofrespectforyouasitcanhelpmaintainyourfriendship.(一個真正的朋友總是會尊重你的想法，不管他是否同意。真正的朋友可能會對你說不，但從不堅持自己是對的。真正的朋友會給你設(shè)限，因?yàn)樗P(guān)心你以及你們之間的關(guān)系。這些限制也是對你的尊重的象征，因?yàn)檫@有助于維持你們的友誼)”可知，本段的主旨是朋友之間也要始終保持尊重對方。故A選項(xiàng)“始終保持尊重”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Wearealldifferentpeopleandweallmakemistakes.Atruefriendisalwaysforgivingandunderstandingbecausehedoesn’twanttotaketheriskoflosinghisbestfriend.(我們都是不同的人，我們都會犯錯誤。真正的朋友總是寬容和理解的，因?yàn)樗幌朊笆ニ詈玫呐笥训娘L(fēng)險)”可知，后文提到了都會犯錯誤，可見朋友之間也會出現(xiàn)問題。故F選項(xiàng)“你和你的朋友之間可能會出現(xiàn)一些問題”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ClimbingTaishaninChinaItisknownthatTaishanisatallmountain.Itis___21___toascendtothetop.Walkingthewholewaycantakefromthreetosevenhoursandvisitorscan___22___totakeacablecarhalfway.Forthousandsofyears,Taishanhasbeenasourceof___23___forpoetsandthinkers.Themountainisintheeast,andinChinesecultureeastisregardedasa(n)___24___directionbecausethatiswherethesunandmoonrise.___25___,Taishanisthemostvenerated(受崇敬的)ofChina’sfivesacredmountains.Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountainanddeclaredfromthe___26___:“ClimbTaishanandthewholeworldlookssmall.”His___27___expressthephilosophicalideathatthehigheryouclimb,thegreateryour___28___.Forme,thehigherIclimbed,themorestepsIsaw,until___29___Igottothestepsleadinguptothecablecarstation.Ofcourse,Confuciuswouldn’thave____30____acablecar,butIwasn’tConfucius.Ispenttwohoursclimbingsteps.Thatwasenoughofa____31____experienceforme.Inthemorning,wegotupat4a.m.topositionourselvesforthe____32____.FromJadeEmperorPeak,sittingamonghundredsofothers,wewerefortunateenoughtoseeaclearsunrise.Afterbreakfast,we____33____foraboutfivehoursdownthemountainandthroughPeachBlossomValley,beautifulwaterfallsandpoolsofwater.Thegreenplantsupthe____34____madeforapicturesqueclimb,andthesecond-dayvalleyhikewastomethehighlight.Itwaspeaceful,allowingmeto____35____thegreatervisionfromthetop.21.A.tired B.rewarding C.easy D.challenging22.A.refuse B.choose C.learn D.pretend23.A.inspiration B.entertainment C.happiness D.information24.A.unexpected B.lifelike C.sacred D.right25.A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore26.A.peak B.foot C.rock D.village27.A.means B.words C.works D.intentions28.A.pressure B.weight C.vision D.contribution29.A.luckily B.suddenly C.fortunately D.finally30.A.taken B.invented C.owned D.described31.A.diving B.climbing C.cycling D.sailing32.A.rainbow B.daybreak C.sunrise D.sunset33.A.flew B.drove C.ran D.hiked34.A.mountain B.fence C.path D.kitchen35.A.change B.enjoy C.miss D.clarify〖答案〗21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者攀登中國泰山的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：登頂很有挑戰(zhàn)性。A.tired疲倦的；B.rewarding值得的；C.easy容易的；D.challenging富于挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)上文“ItisknownthatTaishanisatallmountain.”及常識可知，攀登泰山是一項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的活動。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：全程步行需要3到7個小時，游客可以選擇中途乘坐纜車。A.refuse拒絕；B.choose選擇；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.pretend假裝。根據(jù)上文“Walkingthewholewaycantakefromthreetosevenhours”及空后“takeacablecarhalfway”可知，登山有兩種方式，游客也可以選擇中途乘坐纜車。故選B。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾千年來，泰山一直是詩人和思想家靈感的源泉。A.inspiration靈感；B.entertainment娛樂；C.happiness快樂；D.information信息。根據(jù)空后“poetsandthinkers”可知，泰山一直是詩人和思想家靈感的源泉。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：泰山也被稱為東岳，而在中國文化中，東方被認(rèn)為是一個神圣的方向，因?yàn)樘柡驮铝翉哪抢锷?。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.lifelike栩栩如生的；C.sacred神圣的；D.right正確的。根據(jù)下文“______,Taishanisthemostvenerated(受崇敬的)ofChina’sfivesacredmountains.”可知，東方被認(rèn)為是一個神圣的方向。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，泰山是五岳中最受尊敬的。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否者；D.Therefore因此。前后句意存在因果關(guān)系，therefore符合語境。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孔子有一次登上山頂，在山頂上感慨：“登泰山而小天下。”A.peak山頂；B.foot山腳；C.rock巖石；D.village村莊。根據(jù)上文“Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountain”可知，此處指在山頂上感慨。故選A。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的話表達(dá)了一種哲學(xué)思想，即：你爬得越高，你的視野就越開闊。A.means方法；B.words話；C.works作品；D.intentions目的。根據(jù)上文“Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountainanddeclaredfromthe_____:“ClimbTaishanandthewholeworldlookssmall.””可知，此處指孔子說的話。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的話表達(dá)了一種哲學(xué)思想，即：你爬得越高，你的視野就越開闊。A.pressure壓力；B.weight重力；C.vision視野；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)語境及常識可知，你爬得越高，你的視野就越開闊。故選C。【29題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，爬得越高，看到的臺階就越多，直到最后我走到了通往纜車站的臺階上。A.luckily幸運(yùn)地；B.suddenly突然；C.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.finally最后。根據(jù)上文“Forme,thehigherIclimbed,themorestepsIsaw,”及空后“Igottothestepsleadinguptothecablecarstation.”可知，最后我選擇去坐纜車上山。故選D。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，孔子不會乘坐纜車，但我不是孔子。A.taken乘坐（交通工具）；B.invented發(fā)明；C.owned擁有；D.described描述。根據(jù)空后“acablecar”可知，此處指乘坐纜車。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，這是一次足夠難忘的登山經(jīng)歷了。A.diving跳水運(yùn)動；B.climbing登山；C.cycling騎自行車；D.sailing帆船運(yùn)動。根據(jù)上文“Ispenttwohoursclimbingsteps.”及語境可知，此處指登山經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：早上，我們凌晨4點(diǎn)起床，準(zhǔn)備迎接日出。A.rainbow彩虹；B.daybreak黎明；C.sunrise日出；D.sunset日落。根據(jù)上文“Inthemorning,wegotupat4a.m.”及下文“wewerefortunateenoughtoseeaclearsunrise.”可知，我們早起去看日出。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：早餐后，我們徒步下山約五個小時，穿過桃花谷、美麗的瀑布和水池。A.flew飛；B.drove開車；C.ran跑；D.hiked徒步旅行。根據(jù)下文“foraboutfivehoursdownthemountainandthroughPeachBlossomValley,beautifulwaterfallsandpoolsofwater.”和“andthesecond-dayvalleyhikewastomethehighlight.”可知，我們是徒步下山的。故選D。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小徑上的綠色植物構(gòu)成了一次風(fēng)景如畫的攀登，第二天的山谷徒步旅行對我來說是最精彩的。A.mountain山；B.fence柵欄；C.path小徑；D.kitchen廚房。根據(jù)下文“andthesecond-dayvalleyhikewastomethehighlight”可知，我們是徒步下山的，此處指小徑上的綠色植物。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這里很平靜，讓我可以從高處欣賞更廣闊的視野。A.change改變；B.enjoy欣賞；C.miss錯過；D.clarify澄清。根據(jù)空后“thegreatervisionfromthetop”可知，此處指從高處欣賞更廣闊的視野。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AspeopleacrossthecountrywatchedthelaunchofChina’sShenzhou-14spaceshipclosely,____36____penfloatinginthecapsule(太空艙)____37____(catch)theattentionofmanypeople.ThepenwasproducedbyShaoguanShengyiStationeryCo.,Ltd.,whichisapioneerin____38____(make)pensusedinouterspace.Thespacepenisdifferent____39____acommonpen.Acommonpencanneitherwithstandtheinfluenceandvibration(震動)experiencedbythespaceshipduringrocketlaunch(發(fā)射)norwrite____40____(proper)inanenvironmentofouterspace:Thepen____41____(have)aheadmadeofspecialmaterialstomakeitpossibletowriteinouterspace.Theinkwithinthepenisalsoaspecialliquidwithhighviscosity(黏性),makingwritingsticktosurfacescloselyinsteadofflyingoffasdangerous____42____(drop).What’smore,thehead____43____islesssharpthantheheadofanormalpencanbesafelyusedinthecabin.Aspacependevelopedbythecompany____44____(send)intospaceaboardtheShenzhen-10spacecraftin2013,makingChinathe_____45_____(two)countryintheworldabletoindependentlyproduceapenusableinspace.〖答案〗36.a37.caught38.making39.from40.properly41.has42.drops43.which/that44.wassent45.second【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國生產(chǎn)的太空筆的情況。【36題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)全國人民密切關(guān)注中國神舟14號宇宙飛船的發(fā)射時，一只漂浮在太空艙里的鋼筆引起了許多人的注意。pen為可數(shù)名詞，此處為泛指且是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?7題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)全國人民密切關(guān)注中國神舟14號宇宙飛船的發(fā)射時，一只漂浮在太空艙里的鋼筆引起了許多人的注意。描述過去發(fā)生的事情，謂語動詞catch應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填caught。【38題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這支筆是由韶關(guān)圣藝文具有限公司生產(chǎn)的，該公司是生產(chǎn)外太空用筆的先驅(qū)。作介詞in的賓語，應(yīng)用動名詞。故填making?！?9題詳析】考查介詞。句意：太空筆不同于普通的鋼筆。短語bedifferentfrom表示“不同于”。故填from?！?0題詳析】考查副詞。句意：一支普通的筆既不能承受宇宙飛船在火箭發(fā)射過程中所經(jīng)歷的影響和振動，也不能在外太空環(huán)境中正常書寫：這種筆的筆頭由特殊材料制成，使其能夠在外太空書寫。修飾動詞write應(yīng)用副詞properly，作狀語。故填properly。【41題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：一支普通的筆既不能承受宇宙飛船在火箭發(fā)射過程中所經(jīng)歷的影響和振動，也不能在外太空環(huán)境中正常書寫：這種筆的筆頭由特殊材料制成，使其能夠在外太空書寫。陳述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為pen，謂語動詞have用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has。【42題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：鋼筆內(nèi)的墨水也是一種特殊的高粘度液體，使書寫緊密地粘在表面，而不是像危險的液滴一樣飛出去。drop為可數(shù)名詞，前文沒有冠詞故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填drops。【43題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：更重要的