高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語（人教版）教師用書選修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors

Unit5Meetingyourancestors[話題單詞]1．primitiveadj. 原始的2．civilizationn. 文明3．a(chǎn)ncientadj. 古代的4．dynastyn. 朝代5．historiann. 歷史學(xué)家6．ruinsn. 廢墟7．racialadj. 種族的8．hardshipn. 苦難9．a(chǎn)ncestorn. 祖先10．replacev. 取代[話題短語]1．culturalrelics文化遺產(chǎn)2．inhistory歷史上3．ignorethetradition忽視傳統(tǒng)4．historicrelics歷史遺產(chǎn)5．culturaldifferences/gap文化差異6．liveon繼續(xù)存在7．datebackto/datefrom追溯到8．have/possessahistoryof有……的歷史9．treasureeverymomentyouhave珍惜你擁有的每一刻10．cherishtoday珍視今天[話題佳句]1．Wehumanbeingshaveamonancestor.我們?nèi)祟悡碛幸粋€共同的祖先。2．Somerecordsofancientcivilizationwerediscoveredrecently.最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些古代文明的紀(jì)錄。3．Fromancienttimesourforefathershavelaboured，livedandmultipliedonthisland.自古以來，我們的祖先就勞動、生息、繁衍在這塊土地上。[佳作背誦]假如你是Joe，你的美國朋友Chris目前在北京學(xué)習(xí)漢語，他對中國傳統(tǒng)文化非常感興趣。本周五下午你校將要舉辦一個文化講座，請你根據(jù)以下提示給他寫一封電子郵件，邀請他來參加。1．農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)張教授講解中國茶文化的歷史和傳播；2．講座后有交流和品茶活動；3．你將陪同Chris并幫其翻譯講解。[佳作欣賞]HiChris，Goodnews！TherewillbealectureinourschoolthisFridayafternoon.ProfessorZhangfromUniversityofAgriculturewilltellusaboutthehistoryandspreadofChinesetea.Thiswillbefollowedbyateapartyandyoucantastedifferentkindsofteawhilechattingwithteachersandstudentsofourschool.Iwonderifyouwanttoparticipateinit.Don’tworryaboutthelanguage.I’llbewithyouandexplainwhatyoudon’tunderstand.Ifyoudonothaveanypriorappointmentthen，Iamlookingforwardtoyouring.Yours，Joe一．高考單詞→識記·思考·運(yùn)用1．核心詞匯①interruptvt.&vi.打斷……講話；打岔②assumevt.假定；設(shè)想assumptionn．假定；假設(shè)③arrestvt.逮捕；吸引n．逮捕；拘留④starvationn．挨餓；餓死starvevi.挨餓；餓死⑤accuracyn．精確；準(zhǔn)確accurateadj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的⑥messyadj.凌亂的；臟的messn．凌亂；臟⑦analysisn．分析analysespl.analysevt.分析⑧significancen．意義；重要性significantadj.重要的⑨divisionn．分割；分配；分界線dividev．分割；劃分；分配⑩sharpadj.尖的；鋒利的sharpenvt.(使)鋒利sharpenern．磨具；削具2．常考詞匯①alternativen．可能的選擇adj.供選擇的；其他的②deletevt.刪；刪除③acceleratevi.&vt.加速；促進(jìn)④categoryn．種類；類別；范疇⑤academyn．學(xué)院；學(xué)會用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Aputeranalysis(analyse)blindlyparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks，rankingthembysimilarity.(2017·江蘇卷)2．Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomical(天文的；極大的)incidents.Butalternative(alternative)explanationsarehardtofind.(2017·江蘇卷)3．Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceis_not_interrupted(notinterrupt)tooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)4．ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshow，whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvation(starve)inthewild.(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)5．OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificant(significance)increaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage，withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas.(2016·天津卷)6．Thegroundhogstilldidn’thaveaproblemwithmescratching(scratch)herback，andIgotanidea.(2015·四川卷)7．Youneedtolearnhowtosortthroughandfindtherelevantinformationforyourparticularproject.Also，youneedtochecktheaccuracy(accurate)ofit.(2015·湖南卷)8．Incolonies(群體)thatrangeinsizefromafewhundredtotensofmillions，theyorganizetheirliveswithacleardivision(divide)oflabor.(2015·安徽卷)?－cy名詞后綴(表示“……的性質(zhì)；……的狀態(tài)”)高頻詞速記①accuracy正確，準(zhǔn)確(度)；精確②efficiency效率；效能③emergency緊急情況④fluency流暢，流利⑤frequency屢次，頻率，頻繁⑥privacy隱退，隱避，隱居⑦tendency傾向，趨勢?情感態(tài)度族群①relief解除，減輕②relieve使脫離，解脫③relax放松④relaxed放松的⑤mood心情⑥hesitate猶豫⑦exhausting使筋疲力盡的⑧guilty有罪的，犯了錯誤的⑨calm平靜的，使平靜⑩envy羨慕，忌妒?jealous妒忌的，吃醋的?sympathy同情?takeiteasy不要緊張?condemn相關(guān)詞薈萃①condemnvt.譴責(zé)②accuse/chargevt.起訴③scoldvt.責(zé)罵④criticizevt.批評⑤punishvt.懲罰?“fort”家族①fortn．舒適②fortableadj.舒適的③fortablyadv.舒適地④unfortableadj.不舒服的⑤unfortablyadv.不舒服地?fortune相關(guān)詞一覽(1)①fortunen．運(yùn)氣②fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的③fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地④unfortunateadj.不幸的⑤unfortunatelyadv.不幸地(2)①luckn．運(yùn)氣②luckyadj.幸運(yùn)的③luckilyadv.幸運(yùn)地④unluckyadj.不幸的⑤unluckilyadv.不幸地二．重點(diǎn)短語→識記·思考·運(yùn)用1．動詞短語①cutup切碎②lookahead向前看；為將來打算③datebackto追溯到……④keepout關(guān)在門外；不準(zhǔn)入內(nèi)⑤befedupwith受夠了；飽受；厭煩⑥beawareof知道2．其他形式①regardlessof不管；不顧②atmost至多；最多用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Regardless_ofyourchoiceofcourse，you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.(2016·天津卷)2．Iwouldn’tliketoworktogetherwithhim，Iam_fed_up_withhislazinessandcarelessness.3．Wheneverweareintrouble，wemustlook_aheadandencourageourselves.4．Chinesecurrencycandate_back_totwothousandyearsago.5．Cut_upthemeatbeforeyouputthemintothepot.?with＋名詞“……地”速記①withrelief放心地②withcaution小心地③withcertainty確切地④withcourage勇敢地⑤withconfidence自信地?“厭煩，討厭”一族速記①betiredof厭煩于②beboredof厭倦于③besickof討厭④disgust使厭煩⑤annoying厭煩的⑥troublesome厭煩的?“be＋adj.＋to”結(jié)構(gòu)小結(jié)①besuperiorto比……優(yōu)越/年長②beseniorto...比……年長/資歷深③bejuniorto...比……年輕/資歷淺④beinferiorto...次于……；不如……⑤besimilarto與……相似⑥befamiliarto為……所熟悉三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.Yes，indeed，asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus，allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.很對。正如植物學(xué)的分析結(jié)果已經(jīng)告訴我們的，這兒四周曾是一個很大淺水湖的一部分。句中as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，as指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，意為“正如”。正如古訓(xùn)所說“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。“Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover，”as_the_old_saying_goes.2.Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有預(yù)見，計(jì)劃得更好些就好了！此句用了虛擬語氣。ifonly...意為“要是……就好了”。今年春節(jié)全家能團(tuán)圓就好了！If_only_the_whole_family_could_be_unitedduringtheSpringFestivalthisyear！3.Abruptlyshesatdown，onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister，Luna.她突然坐了下來，結(jié)果被愛吵鬧的妹妹露娜一把抱了起來。onlytodosth.“不料；結(jié)果……”，動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語，表示意料不到的情況。他匆匆忙忙地趕往劇院，結(jié)果被告知票已賣完。Hehurriedtothetheatre，only_to_be_toldthattheticketshadbeensoldout.alternativeadj.供選擇的；其他的n．可能的選擇；選擇對象(1)analternativeto……的替代品havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth.別無選擇只好做某事there’snoalternative...……別無選擇(2)alternativeenergy替代能源；新能源alternativefuel代用燃料；可替代燃料alternativemethod替代的方法①(教材原句)Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday?你能想出我們今天使用的替代品嗎？表示“別無選擇，只得……”的表達(dá)方式還有：havenochoicebuttodo；can’tchoosebutdo；can’t(help)butdo；candonothingbutdo②Hehadnoalternativebutto_admit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hehadnochoicebutto_admit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hecoulddonothingbutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hecouldnotchoosebutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.＝Hecouldnothelpbutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.他除了承認(rèn)他錯了別無選擇。interruptvt.&vi.打斷……講話；打岔；暫時中斷或中止(1)interruptsb./sth.(withsth.)(因某事)打斷某人/某事(2)interruptionn．打擾；插嘴；阻斷物withoutinterruption連續(xù)地；不斷地①(教材原句)I’msorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?對不起，打斷了你的講話，請問他們怎么能夠住在這個地方呢？②Tradebetweenthetwocountrieswas_interrupted(interrupt)bythewar.兩國之間的貿(mào)易被戰(zhàn)爭中斷了。③Shehaskeptupphysicaltrainingforseveralyearswithoutinterruption(interrupt)．她堅(jiān)持體育鍛煉，多年來從未間斷。assumev．假定；設(shè)想；假裝；承擔(dān)(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(assumesb./sth.tobe假定/假設(shè)某人/某事為,Itisassumedthat...……被認(rèn)為))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(assumptionn.假定；假設(shè),makeanassumption認(rèn)為，假定,ontheassumptionthat假定))(3)assumingthat...假設(shè)/假定……①(教材原句)Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.所以我們有理由認(rèn)為他們不顧嚴(yán)寒，就住在這些洞穴里。②Assuming(assume)thattheproposalisaccepted，whenarewegoingtogetthemoney?假定這個建議被采納，我們什么時候能拿到錢？③(2016·江蘇卷)Inartcriticism，youmustassume(assumption)theartisthasasecretmessagehiddenwithinthework.在藝術(shù)評議中，你一定要設(shè)想藝術(shù)家作品中隱含的信息。significancen．意義；意思；重要性；重要意義(1)beofsignificance/help＝besignificant/helpful有意義/幫助beofnosignificance無意義/不重要beoflittlesignificance不太重要(2)significantadj.重要的①(教材原句)Hisuniversitywasawareofthesignificanceofhiswork.他所在的大學(xué)知道他的工作的重要性。②Inmyopinion，itisamatterofgreatsignificance.依我看來，這是一個非常重要的問題。③單句語法填空(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)UNESCOrecentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance(significant),anditspotentialasaunifying(聯(lián)合)voiceacrosscultures.regardlessof不管；不顧(側(cè)重指不計(jì)后果和代價)(1)regardlessof不顧；不管regardlessofthefactthat...不顧……的事實(shí)inspiteof＝despite雖然，盡管(2)asregards＝regarding＝in/withregardto關(guān)于，至于regardingprep.關(guān)于；至于(3)regard...as...把……當(dāng)作……①(教材原句)Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.因此，我們有理由認(rèn)為他們不顧嚴(yán)寒，就住在這些洞穴里。②(2016·天津卷)Regardless(regard)ofyourchoiceofcourse，you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.不管你選什么課程，你都會快捷高效地發(fā)展你的語言能力。(1)regardlessof...強(qiáng)調(diào)“不認(rèn)為……重要”，從而不加以重視或考慮，而despite和inspiteof有“盡管……但是”之意。(2)regardlessof后可跟whether、what引導(dǎo)的從句，而inspiteof和despite后不可接從句。③Hesayswhathethinks，regardlessofotherpeople’sfeelings(feel)．他怎么想就怎么說，不考慮別人的感受。datebackto(＝datefrom)追溯到……(1)datefrom/backto追溯到；始于；自……至今(后接表過去的時間)todate迄今為止uptodate最新的；現(xiàn)代的outofdate過時的；廢棄的make/haveadatewithsb.與某人約定某個時間；與某人約會set/fixadate(forsth.)確定一個日期(子)①(教材原句)AlltheobjectsarefromthesameexcavationsiteinSanxingduiandcanbedatedbacktobetween3,000and5,000yearsago.所有物品都來自于三星堆遺址，它們能追溯到3000至5000年前。②Everydayanumberoftouriststakepicturesinfrontofthetower，whichdates(date)backto/fromasearlyas800yearsago.每天都有許多游客在這座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。datebackto和datefrom一般不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。作后置定語時，常用現(xiàn)在分詞。③Thisisanoldbuildingdating(date)backto/fromthe16thcentury.這是一棟追溯至16世紀(jì)的古老建筑物。fedupwith受夠了；飽受；厭煩(1)feedsb./sth.on/withsth.用……喂……fedup吃得過飽，極其厭倦feedsth.tosb./sth.喂……給……feedonsth.(動物)以……為食，靠……活feedup養(yǎng)肥；使厭倦(2)betiredof厭煩……①(教材原句