CATTI-2017筆譯綜合實(shí)務(wù)考題和參考譯文(共9頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英譯中It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.區(qū)區(qū)電子郵件里的一個(gè)單詞，導(dǎo)致一家跨國公司遭受巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient f

2、ound two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.這封電子郵件是由一位英語母語人士用英語所寫，而郵件接收人則是一位以英語為第二語言的同事。該同事收到郵件后，發(fā)現(xiàn)該單詞在字典里有兩個(gè)截然相反的意思，他拿捏不準(zhǔn)，并最終選擇了那個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的意思。Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced

3、 back to this one word,” says Chia Suan Chong, aUK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn't reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable.“Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”數(shù)月過去，該跨國公

4、司的高管開始調(diào)查這個(gè)項(xiàng)目失敗并損失幾十萬美元的原因。謝宣童（Chia Suan Chong）是一名交流技能和跨文化培訓(xùn)師，供職于一家總部設(shè)在英國的機(jī)構(gòu)，她說：“所有的調(diào)查線索最終指向這個(gè)單詞”。謝宣童沒有透露具體這個(gè)單詞，因?yàn)樵搯卧~是某行業(yè)專用詞匯，透露該單詞可能暴露這家跨國公司的身份。她還說：“由于雙方的理解截然相反，事件不斷升級(jí)，最終失控?！盬hen such misunderstandings happen, its usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering

5、 their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.出現(xiàn)此類誤解，責(zé)任在于英語母語人士。謝宣童認(rèn)為，耐人尋味的是，英語母語人士在傳遞信息方面比以英語為第二語言或第三語言的人士要糟糕。A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the worlds global language. They feel they don' t have to spend time learning

6、 another language,” says Chong.謝宣童說：“眾多英語母語人士對(duì)于英語成為世界通用語感到竊喜，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得這省去了學(xué)習(xí)其他語言的麻煩。”The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jo

7、kes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.謝宣童說，事實(shí)上，非英語母語人士，特別是會(huì)講第二語言或者第三語言的人士，在傳遞信息時(shí)更加謹(jǐn)慎、目的性更強(qiáng)，而英語母語人士在講話時(shí)通常語速過快導(dǎo)致別人聽不懂，并且他們?cè)捳Z中還夾雜著笑話、俚語及自己文化特有的事物?！癟he native English speaker is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,”she adds.謝宣童補(bǔ)充說：

8、“唯有英語母語人士認(rèn)為沒必要體諒對(duì)方或?yàn)閷?duì)方著想。”With non-native English speakers in the majority worldwide, its Anglophones who may need to up their game.由于世界上非英語母語人士居多，所以英語母語人士該停止那套舊做法?！癗ative speakers are at a disadvantage when you are in a lingua franca situation,” where English is being used as a common denominator,

9、says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UKs University of Southampton. “Its the native English speakers that are having difficulty understanding and making themselves understood.”詹尼弗·詹金斯（JenniferJenkins）是英國南安普敦大學(xué)的全球英語教授，她說：“母語各不相同的人士在一起采用英語為通用語進(jìn)行溝通時(shí)，英語母語人士處于不利的境地，這是因?yàn)橛⒄Z母語人士在

10、理解其他人講的英語方面存在障礙，而其他人在理解英語母語人士的英語方面也同樣存在障礙?！盢on-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then theres cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to aproposal by saying, “Thats interesting” a fellow Brit might recognise

11、 this asunderstatement for, “Thats rubbish.” But other nationalities would take the word “interesting” on face value, he says.非英語母語人士在講英語時(shí)，通常使用數(shù)量有限的詞匯和簡(jiǎn)單的表達(dá)方式，不花哨，也不夾帶俚語。此外，還有文化因素，布拉特納（Blattner）說。一個(gè)英國人在評(píng)論一項(xiàng)提議時(shí)說“Thats interesting”（“蠻有趣”），此時(shí)，另一個(gè)英國人會(huì)把這句話把理解為“太垃圾”的含蓄說法，而其他國家的人則只會(huì)取“interesting”（有趣）的字面意思進(jìn)

12、行理解。“English speakers with no other language often have a lack of awareness of how to speak English internationally.”“不會(huì)講其他語言的英語母語人士在講英語時(shí)，通常缺乏國際意識(shí)?！盜n Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English,

13、 the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.科爾特（Coulter）在柏林看見一家世界500強(qiáng)公司的德國員工通過視頻連線聽取加州總部的情況通報(bào)。德國員工雖然英語不錯(cuò)，但只留心美國項(xiàng)目領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話的要旨。對(duì)于該情況通報(bào)，德國

14、員工內(nèi)部達(dá)成一致意見，而這個(gè)意見與加州項(xiàng)目領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的意思可能相同或者可能相左?！癟oo many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not losing face and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,” he says.科爾特說：“太多非英語母語人士，特別是亞裔人士和法國人，他們由于太怕丟面子而只會(huì)點(diǎn)頭贊同，實(shí)際上卻一點(diǎn)都沒聽懂?！盩hats why Nerriere devised Globish

15、 a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. “Its not a language, its a tool,” he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 hes sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.有鑒于此，奈易耶（Nerriere）發(fā)明了全球化英語（Globish），這是一種簡(jiǎn)潔英語，將英語詞匯限制在1500字左右，并采用簡(jiǎn)單、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的語

16、法。奈易耶說：“全球化英語不是一種語言，而是一種工具。”自2004年推出全球化英語以來，用18種語言編寫的全球化英語教材銷量逾20萬冊(cè)?！癐f you can communicate efficiently with limited, simple language you save time, avoid misinterpretation and you dont have errors in communication,” Nerriere says.奈易耶說：“能用有限的詞匯、簡(jiǎn)單的語言進(jìn)行高效溝通，既節(jié)省時(shí)間，又避免誤解，消除了溝通中的錯(cuò)誤?！盬hen trying to commu

17、nicate in English with a group of people with varying levels of fluency, its important to be receptive and adaptable, tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English, Jenkins says.詹金斯說，在與一群英語流利程度不一的人士用英語進(jìn)行溝通時(shí)，保持包容和體諒，并接受各種各樣的英語表達(dá)方法，這很重要?！癙eople whove learned other languages ar

18、e good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,” she says.詹金斯說：“學(xué)習(xí)了其他語言的人士在這點(diǎn)上就做的很好，而英語母語人士通常只會(huì)英語這個(gè)單一語言，他們不大適應(yīng)英語的其他變種?！盜n meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush

19、to fill gaps in conversation, according to Steggles.斯戴格爾斯（Steggles）認(rèn)為，英語母語人士在開會(huì)時(shí)傾向于按自己認(rèn)為正常的語速說話，在對(duì)話中則急于傳遞信息。He recommends making the same pointin a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledgement, reaction or action.斯戴格爾斯建議采用多種方式表達(dá)同一個(gè)意思，并且需要對(duì)方做出一些認(rèn)可、反應(yīng)或行動(dòng)。中譯英氣候變化已不是單純的環(huán)境保護(hù)問題，而成為人類生存與發(fā)展問

20、題。中國需要改變以煤為主的能源結(jié)構(gòu)和高污染、高能耗的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，以治理環(huán)境和應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化。同時(shí)，積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化也是中國參與全球治理的責(zé)任，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的迫切需要。中國作為世界最大的發(fā)展中國家，需要積極推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)與能源的轉(zhuǎn)型，以推動(dòng)全球可持續(xù)發(fā)展。Climate change is more than an environment issue; it also affects human existence and development. To clean up the environment and address global climate change, China needs

21、 to upgrade its coal-centered energy mix and industrial structure that leads to high pollution and high energy consumption.  At the same time, addressing/combating climate change is Chinas responsibility in global governance and an urgent requirement for sustainable development. As the worlds l

22、argest developing country, China needs to promote economic transformation and the upgrading of energy mix.長期以來，中國高度重視氣候變化問題，把積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化作為國家經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重大戰(zhàn)略，把綠色低碳發(fā)展作為生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容，采取了一系列行動(dòng)，為應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。到2020年單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%，非化石能源占一次能源消費(fèi)總量的比重達(dá)到15%, 森林面積比2005年增加4000萬公頃，森林蓄積量比2005年增加13億立方米。China has attached great importance to climate change for years. It has integrated climate change measures into national strategies for economic and social development, and green and low-carbon development into efforts to make ecological progress. Also,