大學(xué)英語四級冠詞練習(xí)

1、v1.0可編輯可修改11冠詞用法講練（一）冠詞的位置1)在名詞詞組中，冠詞一般放在最前面。例如:the last few daysa really good concert2） 名詞詞組里如果有 all, both, exactly, just, many, quite, rather, such, what等詞，這類詞可以放在冠詞之前。例如：all the timeboth (the) brothersexactly the wrong colourjust the right placequite a nice dayrather a messsuch a funny story3)和as

2、, how /however, so, too連用時，形容詞放在冠詞之前。例如：He' s not so big a fool as you think.She' s as clever a girl as you' re ever likely to meet .This is too heavy a bag for me to carry.How large an armchair did he haveHowever tiring a day she may have, she never loses her good humour.(二)不定冠詞(Indefin

3、ite Article)1) a /an表示“任何一個(類)"，只能用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。例如：We are having a committee meeting this afternoon.a/an不用于不可數(shù)名詞前。例如：There will be discussion and argument at the meeting.He drinks milk every day.2)不可數(shù)名詞用作可數(shù)名詞時，可用a/an。例如：y I' ve just bought a lovely big Danish cheese .I don ' t like cheese .

4、S She was inspired with a new courage .v1.0可編輯可修改She showed great courage.3）用于表示價格、速度、比率等名詞前，如 five pence a kilo, sixty kilometers an hour, four times a day 等。4）用于下列這樣的固定短語中。如 a couple, a dozen, half a dozen, a hundred, a lot of, a great many, a great deal of, a large amount/quantity of, a goodnumbe

5、r of 等。I' ve done a great deal of work today.（不可數(shù)）What a large number of books you have!（ 可數(shù)）It ' s a good five miles（=at least five miles, perhaps mote） to the station.5）以元音開頭的單詞前不定冠詞用an, 如：an apple, an egg, an item, an old man,an umbrella, an hour;以輔音開頭的單詞前不定冠詞用a university student, ahumor

6、ous man。EXERCISE lA. Put a or an before each of the following:1. motel （汽車游客旅館）3.honest boy5.exit （出口）7. unique opportunity8. Translate the following into English1. 一座新辦公樓3. 一位美國科學(xué)家5. 一張印度郵票7. 一個先進(jìn)國家EXERCISE 2Fill in the blanks with2. Telephone is3. unusual approach4. awkward situation6. urgent mess

7、age8. extremely exciting film2. 一位旅行社代理人4. 一天的郊游6. 一次心臟病發(fā)作8. 一個有意思的劇本a or an where necessary:very important means of communication.22v1.0可編輯可修改2. Mothers often tell small children stories before bedtime.3. I'll pay you thousand year.It ' s not enormous salarybut after all you are completely

8、unskilled worker.4. 一You' 11 get shock if you touch live wire with that screwdriver（螺絲起子）. Why don' t you get screwdriver with insulated（絕緣的）handle5. - I ' m not wage-earner ; I'm self-employed man. I have business of my own.Then you' re not worker;You' re capitalist!6. I hav

9、e hour and half for lunch. I only have half hour barely time for smoke and cup of coffee.7. It travels at just under thousand miles hour. 8. I have never known such hot weather. EXERCISE 3Insert a or an where necessary:A.1. I had very bad night; I didn ' t sleep wink （眨眼；打盹）.2. This man has hone

10、sty that we all appreciated.3. Mr. Brown had vision of new and happier Europe.4. It ' s time you had holiday. You haven' t had day off for month .5. There is hourly service of buses in this route.6. It is great honour to be invited to such gathering.7. 1 wouldn ' t climb mountain for $ 1

11、,000! I have horror of heights.8. Children usually learn the difference between right and wrong at early age.9. I can ' t tell you definitely yet. I'll have word with my wife about itand tell you our decision tomorrow.10. If boy is not making satisfactory progress at school, his parents shou

12、ld seek advice from his teacher.B.1. This is big problem, but not too big problem for us to solve.2. He had square nose, grey hair and brown skin. She had never seen so handsome33v1.0可編輯可修改man.3. However great disaster he suffered, John never gave up.4. Many shipwrecked sailor has been rescued by ou

13、r brave coastguards（海岸警衛(wèi)隊）.5. Such urgent need requires prompt action.6. So urgent need requires prompt action.7. This is as lovely picture as I have ever seen.8. I don ' t thi nk you realize what serious crisis this is.9. You can hardly hope to succeed where many greater man has failed.10. How

14、serious crime had been committed was not realized until much later.（三）定冠詞（Definite Article）1）定冠詞的基本特性實際上所有名詞（專有名詞將另行討論）前都可能用定冠詞the。究竟用不用定冠詞，主要取決于我們所表達(dá)的思想。如果我們要給予某個名詞以明確的、限定的、特指的意義，就用the;反之，就不用the。請看下列句子：12I love books.Put the books on the shelf.Butter is not cheap.The butter I bought is not cheap.He

15、 went to work by car.He rode to work in the new car.He has gained strength.He has regained the strength he lost.I like music.I like the music composed by the young man.a） 一般用于帶有修飾語的名詞詞組前，但并非所有帶修飾語的名詞都需要the。例如:Don' t you think Georgian houses are absolutely lovelyStainless steel （不銹鋼器皿 ）has many

16、uses.I can ' t say I care for modern art .44v1.0可編輯可修改上面三句中斜體部分的名詞雖然都有修飾語，因沒有明確限定而是泛指一類事物， 故不用the。下面三句斜體部分的名詞則表示提到過的，特指的事物，要用 the： The Georgian houses have been sold.The stainless steel was beautiful, but I thought most of the glass(玻璃器皿) they exhibited was rather unimaginative.They showed a won

17、derful selection of the impressionists, but the modern art was too limited in its range.b)也用于有后置修飾語的名詞詞組前。例如：The old houses which are most worth visiting are in the Imperial City.The steel of the gun barrels has gone rusty.The art of the eighteenth century has never been surpassed (超過).上面三句中的形容詞從句和介

18、詞短語明確了是什么樣的房子( what houses),什么 樣的鋼(what steel )和什么樣的藝術(shù)(what art ),故用the。下面三句同樣有形容詞從句和介詞短語修飾名詞，但是它們只指這些名詞屬于某一類事物，并非特指，故不用the。例如：Houseswhich fail to satisfy these minimumrequirements are to be pulled down. Steel of great strength is needed for the manufacture of guns.Art in the eighteenth century prob

19、ably played a more important part in people ' s lives than it does today.EXERCISE 4Fill in the blanks withthe where necessary:1. The engineers found that steelwas of insufficiently high quality.Steel, I suppose, is the most important single product of the modern industrial world.2. Large forests

20、 can have an important influence on climate.Forests have all been cut down.55v1.0可編輯可修改3. Nature was probably his chief source of inspiration（靈感，鼓舞）Nature of the problem was such as to arouse his interest.4. Education of little children has been greatly neglected.Public education must be greatly ext

21、ended.5. The exploration（探索）of spacehas become one of the chief topicsof science fiction（科幻小說）Space between the table and the wall was just big enough for a smallbed.6. I prefer classical music to pop music.Film wasn ' t very good but I likedmusic.7. My favourite subject at school was history.Al

22、l students should know something about history of their own country.8. I cannot judge accuracy of your calculations（計算）In mathematics accuracy is essential.2）定冠詞的主要用法a）用于單數(shù)名詞前，表示“某一類人或物”，以區(qū)別于其他人或物。例如：The tiger is a fierce（兇猛的）animal. （相當(dāng)于 A tiger is a fierce animal.或 Tigers are fierce animals. ）In t

23、his tribethe woman goes out hunting and the man stays at home to lookafter the children .下面三句中的斜體部分不能互換：Who invented the radio（指類別）Who had a radio （指同類中的任何一個）Who manufactured radios （指這一類中的所有個體）man指"人類"時，不用the 。例如:66v1.0可編輯可修改Manwill conquer nature.b)用于指世上獨一無二的東西，如 the moon, the sun , the

24、world等。c)用于表示“樂器”的名詞前，但一般不用于表示“體育運動”的名詞前。例如：Can you play the guitarI play football every day.d)用于某些形容詞前，可表示“一類人”。例如：The young are impatient ； they want changes.e) 一般不用于表示“疾病”的名詞前。例如：I ' m just recovering from rheumatism (風(fēng)濕病)下列病名前一般用a/an：I have an ache in my head ( a pain in the neck).He has a c

25、old /a fever .特指時需要用the。例如：Jim has never really got over the malaria(瘧疾) he caught in the East.f) 一般不用于表示“膳食”的名詞前，但有形容詞修飾時用the。例如：Breakfast is served at eight.The wedding breakfast was held in her father ' s house.如果泛指，用a/an。例如：He gave us a good breakfast .g) bed, church, college, court, hospita

26、l, market, prison, school, sea和 work等名詞用來指有關(guān)活動時，一般不用冠詞。例如：It ' s time for children to go to bed. (指 to sleep )(指 to be cured )He goes to church every Sunday. (指 to pray )After the crash , seven people were taken to hospitalHe spent six months in prison . (指 to be punished )After I leave school,

27、I want togo to (a) university . (指 to study )Ken is a seaman. He spends most of his lifeat sea . (指 to sail )77v1.0可編輯可修改注：在美國英語中，通常用 a/the hospital, a university 。出于其他目的，如去參觀、訪問這些地方或談到這些地方時，根據(jù)情況用a或the。例如：There is a bed in the room.She was putting clean sheets on the bed .The workmen went to the chu

28、rch to repair the roof.Tom went to the prison to visit his brother.I would love to live near the sea.home單獨使用時，無冠詞；有修飾語時，用 the或a。例如：She left homeWe went to the bride's home .I don ' t have a home to go to in this city.h)當(dāng)cinema, theatre, radio等名詞用于表示“看電影、看戲、聽無線電”時，一般要用the 。例如：We went to the

29、cinema last night.Do you often go to the theatreI heard the news on the radio .television用于表示"看電視"時不用 the 。例如：I watched the news on television .指“電視機”時用the。例如：Can you turn off the television , please(=the television set)注：許多固定詞組中的名詞前通常沒有冠詞，需要熟記，如 day after day , husband and wife father and

30、 son , lock and key , heaven and hell 等。EXERCISE 5A. Fill in the blanks with a or the where necessary:1. After lunch, we went for walk by sea. 88v1.0可編輯可修改2. Steam-engine was invented before internal combustion engine （內(nèi)燃機）.3. Bat, they say, judges distances by kind of echo-location.4. He goes to ch

31、urch every Sunday; church he usually goes to has seats for over thousand.5. This is most useful reference book I have on this subject.6. We have good market in town where we buy our fruit and vegetables.7. Prison in this town is grim-looking building.8. Youngest boy has just started going to school

32、;eldest boy is at college.9. Dead no longer need help. Wemust concern ourselves with living.10. John became manager andsecretary of the company same time.B. Insert a or the where necessary:1. Horse is noble animal and faithful servant of man.2. Chess is game which requires great skill and patience.3

33、. The stranger went to school to complain about behaviour（行為）of oneof pupils.4. Dinner was good, but I did not enjoy speeches that came after it.5. An important aspect in developing motivation（動力，促動因素） is settingof goals.6. He got bronchitis（支氣管炎）and was taken to hospital. I expectthey ' ll send

34、 him home at end of week.-Have you rung hospital to ask how he is7. Didn t you hear that news over radio this morning99v1.0可編輯可修改8. Flute (長笛) is my favourite instrument.9. We have very good train service from here tocity center and most peoplego to work by train. You can go by bus, too, of course,b

35、ut you can ' tget season ticket on bus.10. Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to cultivate ground, or to use wood as fuel or as building material.3)專用名詞前定冠詞的主要用法a) 一般不用于單數(shù)人名前，但特指或強調(diào)時需用the。例如：He' s the Mr. Smith I saw yesterday.也可說：A Mr. Smith has come here. (=A man called Smith has

36、 come here.)復(fù)數(shù)人名前需用 the ,如 the Johnsons, the Coopers。b)不用于“頭銜+人名”前，但有頭銜無人名時需用the,以表示特指。例如：I saw Queen Elizabeth when l was in London 。I saw the Queen when I was in London.c)不用于國家、省市等名詞前，但由短語組成的國名，或以s結(jié)尾的國名前需要用the。例如：the Philippinesthe Netherlandsthe United Statesthe United Kingdom注：the Ukraine, the C

37、ongo, the Sudan, the Hague為例外。d)用于表示國籍、民族的名詞前。例如：the Britishthe Chinesethe Dutch the English下列名詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式：(the) Russians (the) Italians(the) Arabs(the) Scots1010v1.0可編輯可修改c）用于表示地區(qū)的名詞前。例如：the Middle Eastthe Far Eastthe north of England （ 但是： northern England）f）不用于街道、建筑等名詞前，但有of介詞短語修飾時，需用the。例如:BroadwayR

38、ed Squarethe Tower of Londonthe Great Wall of ChinaSam lives on l2th Street.They changed the name of Sixth Avenue to the Avenue of Americas.g）用于河流、海洋、群島、山脈、海峽、海灣名詞前。例如：the Mississippithe Atlanticthe Philippine Islandsthe Andesthe English Channelthe Persian Gulf但不用于單個島嶼、山峰前。例如：Sicily（Mount）Etnah）不用于大

39、學(xué)名稱前，但有of介詞短語修飾時，需用the。例如：Yale UniversityOxford Universitythe University of North Carolinai）不用于雜志名詞前，但用于報紙名詞前。例如：NewsweekNatural Historythe Daily Newsthe Washington PostEXERCISE 6A. Fill in the blanks withthe where necessary:1. Thames, Seine and Rhine are famous rivers.2. Samuel Johnson who was a pr

40、ofessor of Columbia University was not Samuel Johnson who was a famous English writer.3. Andes are in South America, and Alps are in Europe.1111v1.0可編輯可修改4. Wool of which this suit is made comes from Australian sheep.5. Wool is one of chief exports from Australia. 6. He remembers London of past and

41、says it was gayer than London of today.7. Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea are really part of Atlantic Ocean.8. Macy s （商店名）is on 34th Street between Broadway and Seventh Avenue.9. Mr Jenkins reads Daily Telegraph but his wife reads Times.10. Frank is a student at Liverpool University.B. Translate t

42、he following into English:1 .大英博物館2.蘇伊士運河3.這兩個詞的區(qū)別4,威爾遜一家5.在第一排6,1949年7 .在1935年秋天EXERCISE 7Cross out articles that are unnecessary in the following passage:The people everywhere in the world might say,“When the strangers do notunderstand the customs that we follow, they are confused and do not under

43、stand what is happening. " The good manners are different in the different parts of the world. In many places, for example, accepting the gifts or anything important with the left hand shows the bad manners and even the rudeness. People with the good manners accept the important things with the

44、 both hands or at least with the right hand. Using the left hand to accept the important things shows not only the discourtesy（無禮， 失禮）but also shows that the person who is acceptingthinks the thingbeing given isworthless. In the Europe and the North America, 1212v1.0可編輯可修改however, the people do not

45、follow this custom and give and receive with either hand without thinking about the meaning of what they are doing.冠詞用法講練2. anEXERCISE 1A. 1. a3. an4. an5. an7. a8. 1. a new office building3. an American scientist5. an Indian stamp7. an advanced countryEXERCISE 21. A (telephone); a3. a; a; an; a5. a

46、; a; a; a; a7. a; anEXERCISE 36. an8. an2. travel agent4. a day ' s outing6. a heart attack8. an interesting play;x; x;a; a; an;a; x; an; x; a; aA. 1. a (very bad night); a (wink)2. an (honesty)3. a (vision of a new and happier Europe)4. a (holiday); a (day off); a (month)5. an (hourly service)6. a (great honour); a (gathering)7. a (mountain); a (horror)1313v1.0可編輯可修改