英語精講講義gct清華2013gct錄制課程

1、GCT輔導(dǎo)：英語虛擬語氣_基本用法I have time.I will help you.Have hadWill help would help與現(xiàn)在相反If I had time, I would help you.與將來相反If it were to rain tomorrow, the game would be put off. 虛擬語氣_基本用法與現(xiàn)在相反If I had time now, I would help you.與過去相反did had doneWould do would have doneIf we hadnt made adequate preparation,

2、 the conference wouldnt have been so successful. 虛擬語氣_固定結(jié)構(gòu)三個表示“要不是”“若不是因為”的短語：1. but for：But for your help we would have been late. 幸虧你幫忙，要不我們就遲到了。2. if it were not for：If it werent for water, no plant could grow. 要是沒有水植物就無法生長。 3. if it hadnt been for：If it hadnt been for your help, we wouldnt have

3、succeeded. 要不是有你幫忙，我們是不會成功的。虛擬語氣_省略與倒裝有時可將條件從句的連詞 if 省略，而將從句中的were, should, had 等提到句首。如：Were it not for your help, I wouldnt be doing so well. 若不是你幫忙，我現(xiàn)在不會干得這樣好。Were it not for= If it were not forHad I been there, I would have asked her the question. 如果我在那里，我就會問她這個問題。Had I been there= If I had been

4、there虛擬語氣_特殊單詞在表示“堅持”、“命令”、“建議”、“要求”等單詞后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。一個堅持(insist)；兩個命令(order, command)；三個建議(advise, suggest, propose)；四個要求(demand, require, request, ask)”。這類動詞所引導(dǎo)的從句用虛擬語氣，由“should+動詞原形”構(gòu)成。虛擬語氣_特殊單詞He insisted that I should go with them. 他堅持要我同他們一起去。He ordered that it should be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。The

5、 doctor advised/suggested that he should not smoke. 醫(yī)生建議他不要抽煙。He requires that I should appear. 他要求我出場虛擬語氣_特殊單詞He suggested reading the instructions first.2. She suggested his/him applying for a work permit.=She suggest that Tom should apply.He suggested sending out circulars.=He suggested that circ

6、ulars should be sent out.She will suggest/suggests/ has suggested that you rent a house.The suggestion/proposal that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone.虛擬語氣8. It was proposed that this matter be discussed next time. 9. What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 10. I sugge

7、sted that you had a secret understanding with him. 我覺得你與他心照不宣。11. He insisted that I had read his letter. 他堅持說我看過他的信。12. He insisted that I should read his letter. 他堅持要我看他的信。虛擬語氣_真題2003-07. The extensive survey suggested that their assumptions _totally wrong. A. wereB. be C. was D. would be2003-09.

8、If they had sent a check to the telephone company last week, their telephone out of service at this moment. A. will not beB. will not have been C. would not beD. would not have been虛擬語氣_真題_混合虛擬語氣 混合虛擬語氣：若主句從句所指的時間不一致，即條件從句表示與過去事實相反，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反；或者條件從表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，主句表真實情況，則從句中應(yīng)采用與具體時間相對應(yīng)的虛擬形式。 If it had r

9、ained last night（過去），it would be very cold today（現(xiàn)在） If I had taken your advice（過去），I should have no trouble with the work now（現(xiàn)在）虛擬語氣2004-08. A recent survey suggested that if money were not an issue, most mothers _ not to work at all. A. should prefer B. prefer C. would prefer D. preferred2007-09

10、the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time. A. In case ofB. In spite of C. As of D. But for虛擬語氣2009-10. Cuts in funding have meant that equipment has been kept in service long after it _ replaced. A. should have been B. would have been C. could have been D. might have been虛擬語氣201

11、0-04. no gravity, there would be no air around the earth, hence no life. A. If there was B. If there had been C. Were there D. Had there been2010-05. Some members of the committee suggested that meeting . A. being postponed B. to be postponed C. postponed D. be postponed引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)_if only1. if only：“

12、如果就好了”,. “要是.就好了”。對現(xiàn)在的愿望過去式；對將來的愿望would/could+動詞原形； 對過去的愿望had+過去分詞。 If only I were you! If only you had come yesterday! If only Linda could go with us tomorrow! 引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)_wishWish:I wish that he werent so lazy. I wish I hadnt wasted so much time. I wish she would change her mind.would (had) rather1.

13、 用過去式表示當時或?qū)淼那闆r; Id rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。2. 用過去完成時表示過去的情況，表示希望或婉轉(zhuǎn)責備。I would rather （that） you hadnt told him.引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞+have done 1）should have done:You should have told me about it earlier. You shouldnt have said such words to your parents.2）ought to have do

14、ne:You ought to have told me about it earlier. You ought not to have said such words to your parents. 3）neednt have done:You neednt have walked so quickly since time was enough. 4）could have done:I could have come on time, but my car broke on the way.引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的情態(tài)動詞: must對現(xiàn)在的推斷-I had no sleep for 48 hou

15、rs.-You must be exhausted.對過去的推斷-I rang your flat yesterday. A man answered but I didnt recognize the voice.-Oh, it must have been my brother, Peter.否定的推斷(不能用mustnt)cant , couldnt 都可用于對現(xiàn)在所作的推斷。對過去的否定推斷只能用couldnt.Jones couldnt have caught the nine oclock train for he left his house at 9.15.虛擬語氣_練習1.

16、“I still havent thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “Its time you _.” A. Do B. did C. had D. wouldIt is (high)time that someone did something.It is time for someone to do something.2. “Ive told everyone about it. ” “Oh, Id rather you _.” A. Dont B. hadnt C. couldnt D. wouldnt虛擬語氣_練習3. It has been ra

17、ining for a day, but even though it hadnt rained, we _ there by tomorrow. A. cant get B. wont get C. hadnt got D. wouldnt get4. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _ something she would regret later. A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have saidOtherwise if she had

18、not walked away from the discussion，虛擬語氣_練習5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once. A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was; should be operated D. was; be operated on6. I forget where I read the article, or I _ it to you now.

19、 A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showingor=if I didnt forget where I read the article虛擬語氣_練習7. Why didnt you go to yesterdays meeting? I would have but I _ too busy working on the important experiment. A. had been B. was C. were D. am8.Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Mi

20、ami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what虛擬語氣_練習9. The workers will go on strike if the demands they _ put forward are turned down. A. could B. would C. 不填 D. had10. _ fire

21、d, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you beShould you require anything give me a ring.If you should require anything give me a ring.英語中的省略遵循的原則：1. 當從句與主句的主語或賓語一致，且從句謂語為be時，可將從句主語及be省略。 While (I was) walking

22、along the street, I heard my name called.2. 當從句的主語是it，且從句謂語含有be時，可將it及be省略。 Unless (it is) necessary, youd better not refer to the dictionary.3. 當so或not代替上文內(nèi)容，此時可有if + so/not句式Get up early tomorrow. If not (= If you dont get up early), you will miss the first bus.英語中的省略- Will you go to Marys birthda

23、y party? - No, _ invited, I cant go to it. Ill be too busy then. A. if B. unless C. even though D. when2) Father advised me not to say anything until _ at the meeting. A. asking B. to ask C. asked D. ask3) Mr. Black, _ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri. A. was B. he was C. althou

24、gh D. who he was英語中it的用法It is + 名詞 + doing sth. 做某事是 用于該句型的名詞有：no good, no use, hard work, a nuisance, a waste of time, a great honor等。Its no use/good (in) crying over spilt/spilled milk.It is + 形容詞 + doing sth. 做某事真 用于該句型的形容詞有：pleasant, useless, senseless, worthwhile, dangerous等。 It was pleasant me

25、eting you in London that day.英語中it的用法3. It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted + (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, strange + (should) do It is a pity, a shame, no wonder + (should) doIt is necessary that the students (should) remember all the new words.英語中it的用法_強調(diào)句It is/was + 被強調(diào)部分 + thatIt is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.What was it that ma