人教版高二英語選修6unit4grammar課件

1、Unit5 learning about language-discovering useful structuresThe ing form as the Adverbial動(dòng)詞-ing 作狀語V-ing 作狀語時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作是主語動(dòng)作的一部分，與謂語表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的，或是先于謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。V-ing 作狀語常表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式、伴隨、讓步、結(jié)果，多用逗號(hào)跟句子其他成分隔開。I was feeling tired, I went to bed early.I worked hard all day. I went to bed earl

2、y. Feeling tired, I went to bed early.Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.作時(shí)間狀語 Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street, ) Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 作原因狀語 Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (=Because I was tired, ) Not knowing he

3、r address, we couldnt get in touch with her. 由于不知道她的地址，我們無法和她聯(lián)系。聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)， 他們都高興地跳了起來。作條件狀語 Turning to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn the left, ) If you work hard, youll succeed. =Working hard, youll succeed. 作讓步狀語 1. Working hard as he did, he was still unable to support the whole

4、family.2. Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. =Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.作伴隨狀語 1. I stood there, waiting for her. (=, and waited for her.) 2. Following Mike, they started to climb. 3. The children laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room. The

5、children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.那些孩子們跑出房間，愉快地笑著、說著。 如果V-ing 表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語之前，則要用V-ing 的完成式，即是： Having +P.P(過去分詞), 主語+謂語1. After she had finished her work, she went home.2. As we have invited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture. V-ing 形式的完成式Having finish her work,

6、 she went home.Having invited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture.Exercises1. _ the championship, he was awarded a million dollars. A. Won B. Winning C. Having won D. Being won2. _ only book knowledge, you will not be able to work well. A. Had B. Have C. Having D. To have 3. I saw a lot

7、of children playing in the garden most of them _ girls. A. are B. being C. were D. having4. The old man could not sleep at night, his wrongs _ him no peace. A. gave B. give C. being giving D. giving5. The decision _, what is to be done now is how to carry it out. A. made B. has been made C. having b

8、eing made D. being made6. _ in the queen for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A. To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited7. “We cant go out in this winter,” said Ted, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked8. Finding her

9、car stolen, _. A. a police was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a police for help9. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received10. _ the room, I found the reco

10、rder stolen.A. Entering B. To enter C. Enters D. Entered11. “What on earth have you done?” mother said _ to the broken vase on the ground. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing12. _ by car, we visited many places. A. Travel B. Traveling C. To travel D. H

11、aving travelledpractice“You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran B解析：答案B。running away在此作shouted的伴隨狀語，由Janet發(fā)出這一動(dòng)作。2. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having causedD解析：答案D。題意：暴雨過去了，只留下給這一地區(qū)造成的巨大損害。由上下文邏輯意義看

12、，此處應(yīng)表示自然而然的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。3. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. to wait B. have waited C. having waited D. to have waitedC解析：答案C。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作時(shí)間狀語，表明該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在realized之前。4. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the r

13、iver. A. Having suffered B. Suffered C. To suffer D. SufferedA解析：答案A。由already提示，分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語之前，故須用分詞的完成式。5. The secretary worked all night long, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparingB解析：答案B。非謂語動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)伴隨狀語，與主語the secretary是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用v.-ing形式。Unit5 learning

14、 about language-discovering useful structuresThe ing form as the Adverbial動(dòng)詞-ing 作狀語V-ing 作狀語時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作是主語動(dòng)作的一部分，與謂語表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的，或是先于謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。V-ing 作狀語常表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式、伴隨、讓步、結(jié)果，多用逗號(hào)跟句子其他成分隔開。I was feeling tired, I went to bed early.I worked hard all day. I went to bed early. Feeling tir

15、ed, I went to bed early.Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.1 作時(shí)間狀語 Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street, )聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)， 他們都高興地跳了起來。_, they all jumped with joy. Hearing the news2 作原因狀語 Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (=Because I was tired, ) 由于不知

16、道她的地址，我們無法和她聯(lián)系。 _, we couldnt get in touch with her.Not knowing her address3 作條件狀語 Turning to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn the left, ) If you work hard, youll succeed. =Working hard, youll succeed.4 作讓步狀語 1. Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. =Though he knows where

17、I live, he never comes to see me.5 作伴隨狀語 1. I stood there, waiting for her. (=, and waited for her.) 2. Following Mike, they started to climb.3. The children laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room. 那些孩子們跑出房間，愉快地笑著、說著。 The children ran out of the room,_and _ merrily.laughingtalking6

18、 作結(jié)果狀語。如：His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 如果V-ing 表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語之前，則要用V-ing 的完成式，即是： Having +P.P(過去分詞), 主語+謂語V-ing 形式的完成式1. After she had finished her work, she went home.2. As we have inv

19、ited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture. Having finish her work, she went home.Having invited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture.注:(1) 分詞作狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語與主句的主語一致。V-ing表主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行,-ed 表完成或被動(dòng)._(look)out of the window ,we can see a big tree._ (see)from the window, a big tree can be seen

20、.LookingSeen(2) 否定式not的位置 (在分詞的最前面加not)Not knowing her address,we could not get in touch with her. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to them.(3)“with/without+n.+-ing”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語，表示伴隨情況或時(shí)間、原因等。如：His hair became grey with the years passing. With final-exams coming, he feel

21、s very nervous.英語中習(xí)慣接-ing分詞作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞：避免 錯(cuò)過 少延期 avoid miss put off建議 完成 多練習(xí) suggest finish practise喜歡 想象 禁不住 enjoy imagine can help承認(rèn) 否定 與嫉妒 admit deny envy逃避 冒險(xiǎn) 莫原諒 escape risk excuse忍受 保持 不介意 stand keep mind常見的帶介詞to的短語，后接-ing或名詞。admit to承認(rèn) contribute to捐助、貢獻(xiàn)get down to著手做 give way to讓位于keep to 堅(jiān)持、遵守

22、 lead to 導(dǎo)致look forward to期待 turn to 求助于 stick to堅(jiān)持 be used to 習(xí)慣于 devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于 be familiar to 為熟悉 一些固定的-ing分詞短語，如generally speaking（一般來說）, judging from（根據(jù)來判斷）, considering（考慮到）, talking of（談到，提到）等等Exercises1. _ the championship, he was awarded a million dollars. A. Won B. Winning C. Having

23、 won D. Being won2. _ only book knowledge, you will not be able to work well. A. Had B. Have C. Having D. To have 3. The old man could not sleep at night, his wrongs _ him no peace. A. gave B. give C. being giving D. giving4. _ in the queen for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wa

24、llet at home. A. To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited5. _ by car, we visited many places. A. Travel B. Traveling C. To travel D. Having travelled6. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a police for help7. _ a reply, he deci