2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-華東師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)20

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-華東師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題The police have been interviewing people in the area in the hope that it will（）further information about the crime.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.unloadB.revealC.endowD.yield【答案】B【解析】詞義辨析題。unload卸下,擺脫負(fù)擔(dān)；reveal揭露；endow賦予；yield屈服。句意：警方一直在采訪(fǎng)該

2、地區(qū)的人,希望能夠揭露更多有關(guān)這個(gè)犯罪事件的信息。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。2.單選題There is not very much experimental dataa decision between the two possibilities.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.which to be based onB.which be base uponC.upon which to baseD.to which to be based【答案】C【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。base on/upon表示基于，介詞應(yīng)改放在which的前面，所以只有選項(xiàng)C正確。3.單選題This refrigerator we bought l

3、ast week is（）satisfactory.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.by all meansB.by any meansC.by no meansD.by some means【答案】C【解析】by all means一定,務(wù)必,一般單獨(dú)用,后面不接成分；by any means無(wú)論如何；by no means點(diǎn)也不；by some means通過(guò)某種方法。句意：我們上周買(mǎi)的冰箱一點(diǎn)兒也不讓人滿(mǎn)意。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。4.單選題（）the fact that his initial experiments had failed, Professor White persisted in his re

4、search.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Because ofB.In spite ofC.As toD.In view of【答案】B【解析】詞義辨析題。Because of因?yàn)?；In spite of盡管,雖然；As to至于；In view of由于。句意：雖然事實(shí)是他最初的實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗了,但是White教授依然堅(jiān)持他的研究。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。5.單選題Our modern civilization must not be thought of as（）in a short period of time.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.being createdB.to have been createdC.having b

5、een createdD.to be created【答案】C【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們的現(xiàn)代文明不應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是在短時(shí)間內(nèi)創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的。根據(jù)civilization被create確定用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)create的動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且將持續(xù)下去確定用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，C選項(xiàng)having been created符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。6.單選題In trying to solve the problem we seem to have exhausted all the（）that the brain of man could suggest.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.ingenuityB.

6、nuancesC.ingenuousnessD.nourishments【答案】D【解析】名詞辨析題。ingenuity精巧、獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；nuances細(xì)微差別；ingenuousness正直、老實(shí)；nourishments食物、營(yíng)養(yǎng)品。句意：在試圖解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的過(guò)程中，我們似乎耗盡了人類(lèi)大腦所能提供的所有營(yíng)養(yǎng)。這里引申為“絞盡腦汁”。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。7.單選題Very few experts have（）with complete new answers to the worlds economic problems.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.come toB.come aroundC.come upD.c

7、ome on【答案】C【解析】詞組辨析題。come to達(dá)到；come around恢復(fù)；come up with提出；come on快點(diǎn)。句意：很少有專(zhuān)家能對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題提出全新的答案。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。8.單選題The river is already（）its banks because of excessive rainfall; and the city is threatened with a likely flood.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.parallel toB.level toC.flat onD.flush with【答案】D【解析】parallel to平行,類(lèi)似；level不與t

8、o搭配；flat也不與介詞on搭配；flush with齊平,同高。句意：由于雨水過(guò)多，河水已經(jīng)和堤岸齊平了，這座城市可能面臨洪水的威脅。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。9.單選題The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel, that man（）Prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15thcentury.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.wasB.namedC.beingD.called【答案】B【解析】考查分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。分詞做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)必

9、須與主句主語(yǔ)一致,若不一致時(shí),則要加上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：葡萄牙人非常贊賞一個(gè)人,因?yàn)樗龠M(jìn)了海上旅行,這個(gè)人就是生活在15世紀(jì)的航海家亨利王子。10.單選題The decision（）, the next problem was how to introduce a new budget.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.being madeB.having madeC.was madeD.having been made【答案】D【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：作了決定以后,下一個(gè)問(wèn)題是如何引進(jìn)新的預(yù)算。make與the decision之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,首先排除選項(xiàng)B；后面的句子成分完整,如果填

10、入選項(xiàng)C的話(huà),缺少連詞,所以排除。根據(jù)句意可知,應(yīng)該是先做完決定,然后再引進(jìn)預(yù)算,所以這里應(yīng)該用完成時(shí),選項(xiàng)D正確。11.單選題The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving（）for the states and liberty for individuals.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.autonomyB.dignityC.monopolyD.stability【答案】A【解析】autonomy自治；dignity尊

11、嚴(yán),高貴；monopoly壟斷；stability穩(wěn)定性。句意：撰寫(xiě)美國(guó)國(guó)家憲法的人試圖建立一個(gè)高效的國(guó)家政府,即能保證各個(gè)州的自治,又能保證個(gè)人的自由。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。12.單選題In that war-torn country, homeless orphan childrens plight is quite（）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.deceptiveB.perceptiveC.patheticD.perpetual【答案】C【解析】形容詞辨析題。deceptive欺詐的；perceptive感知的；pathetic可憐的；perpetual永久的。句意：在那個(gè)飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)摧殘的國(guó)家里，無(wú)家可歸的

12、孤兒的處境十分悲慘。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。13.單選題The business organization has（）about 5 million dollars for cancer research in the past two years.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.investedB.allocatedC.costD.forged【答案】A【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。invested投資；allocated分配、撥出；forged偽造。句意：這個(gè)商業(yè)組織在過(guò)去兩年中為癌癥研究投入了大約500萬(wàn)美元。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。14.單選題If any man here does not agree with me, he

13、should（）his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.put onB.put outC.put inD.put forward【答案】D【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析題。put on穿上；put out把.拿出來(lái)；put in提交；put forward提出。句意：假如有人不贊同我的提議,他應(yīng)該提出自己的計(jì)劃以提高這些人的生活條件。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。15.單選題Reading to oneself is a modern activity that was almost unknown to the sc

14、holars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace. One should be wary, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading

15、 aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.The last century saw a steady gradual increase in l

16、iteracy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, the number of potential listeners declined, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. Reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public pl

17、aces like libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material su

18、ch as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues were, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readers

19、hip on the other.By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term

20、“reading” implied.1.Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century?2.The development of silent reading during the nineteenth century indicated （）3.Educationalists are still arguing about （）4.The emergence of the mass media and of specialized periodicals showed that （）5.What is the writer

21、s purpose in writing this passage?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Silent reading had not been discovered.B.There were few places available for private reading.C.Few people could read for themselves.D.People relied on reading for entertainment.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.a change in the status of literate peopleB.a change in the nature of readin

22、gC.an increase in the number of booksD.an increase in the average age of readers問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.the importance of silent readingB.the amount of information yielded by books and newspapersC.the effects of reading on healthD.the value of different types of reading material問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.standards of literacy had decli

23、nedB.printing techniques had improvedC.readers interests had diversifiedD.educationalists attitudes had changed問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.To explain how present-day reading habits developed.B.To change peoples attitudes toward reading.C.To show how reading methods have improved.D.To encourage the growth of reading【答案】第

24、1題:C第2題:B第3題:D第4題:C第5題:A【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一二句“The last century .to read aloud.”隨著人們讀寫(xiě)能力的提升, 讀者人數(shù)的増加以及聽(tīng)眾的數(shù)量減少, 所以對(duì)大聲朗讀的需求有所減少。由此推斷19世紀(jì)以前是因?yàn)楹苌儆腥四軌蜃约洪喿x, 所以大聲朗讀很普遍。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Examination of factors.because the tasks themselves changed in character.”可知, 19世紀(jì)無(wú)聲閱讀的發(fā)展說(shuō)明閱讀的本質(zhì)發(fā)生了改變, 選項(xiàng)B正確。3.細(xì)節(jié)事

25、實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“there was still considerable.mentally weakening.”關(guān)于書(shū)籍是否應(yīng)被用于提供信息或受到尊重, 以及諸如報(bào)紙之類(lèi)的閱讀材料是否在某種程度上削弱了人們的精神, 仍有相當(dāng)多的爭(zhēng)論。由此推斷, 選項(xiàng)D符合原文。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a specializ

26、ed readership on the other.”舊的共享知識(shí)文化已經(jīng)消失, 一方面取而代之的是印刷的大眾傳媒, 另一方面是專(zhuān)門(mén)的書(shū)籍和期刊閱讀。由此推斷, 讀者的興趣越來(lái)越多樣化, 所以選C。5.作者意圖題。全文主要講述reading（閱讀）的變化及發(fā)展, 這一發(fā)展變化說(shuō)明讀書(shū)習(xí)慣的形成過(guò)程及原因, 所以選項(xiàng)A正確。16.單選題John would have paid（）for the jacket had the salesman insisted because he really loved its color and style.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.twice as muchB.tw

27、o times moreC.much as twiceD.as much twice【答案】A【解析】考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)。倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞+as,這里實(shí)際上省略了第二個(gè)as及其后面的內(nèi)容,只有選項(xiàng)A為正確的倍數(shù)表達(dá)方式。17.單選題Although too much（1）to the suns ultraviolet rays can cause skin cancer, sunshine may have a（2）effect against some cancers, U.S. scientists said in April. They（3）vitamin D, the so-cal

28、led sunshine vitamin that is also found in fortified milk and（4）products, cod liver and some fatty fish, can help to slow down the speed（5）which cancer（6）divide. “This study found inverse（7）between both residential and occupational exposure to sunlight（8）mortality from female breast and colon cancer

29、s,” said Dr. Michael Freedman of the National Cancer（9）.In research（10）in Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Freedman and his team studied（11）from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate and skin cancers in 24 U.S. states between 1984 and 1995 to determine the（12）of sunlight on the disease.（13）surpri

30、singly, they found more deaths from skin cancer in sunnier（14）but the number of people who died from the other cancers was lower in the（15）areas. Working（16）in a sunny climate was also associated with（17）breast and colon cancer deaths but not（18）the other cancers. Freedman said more research is need

31、ed to（19）the association between sunlight and（20）cancers.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.exposureB.additionC.resolutionD.solution問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.potentialB.protectiveC.insufficientD.effective問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.signifyB.prescribeC.reassureD.suspect問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.agriculturalB.beanC.meatD.dairy問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.withB.beyondC.atD.in問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)A.portionsB.cellsC.diseasesD.

32、illnesses問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)A.associationsB.conclusionsC.judgmentsD.illusions問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)A.orB.forC.butD.and問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)A.ConstitutionB.ConferenceC.InstituteD.Operation問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)A.doneB.concernedC.involvedD.reported問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)A.deathsB.painsC.sufferingsD.effects問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)A.degreeB.impactC.intensityD.depth問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)A.MoreB.NotC.MuchD.No問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)A.

33、statesB.countriesC.citiesD.provinces問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)A.wetB.windyC.sunshineD.dry問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)A.heavilyB.outdoorsC.offensivelyD.hard問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)A.moreB.manyC.lessD.fewer問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)A.withB.forC.onD.to問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)A.indicateB.propelC.explainD.generate問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)A.otherB.vitalC.certainD.severe【答案】第1題:A第2題:B第3題:D第4題:D第5題:C第6題:B第7題:A第8題:D第9題:C第1

34、0題:D第11題:A第12題:B第13題:B第14題:A第15題:C第16題:B第17題:D第18題:A第19題:C第20題:C【解析】（1）exposure暴露；addition増加；resolution決心；solution解決。根據(jù)句意：過(guò)度暴露在太陽(yáng)紫外線(xiàn)下會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚癌。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。（2）potential潛在的；protective防護(hù)的；insufficient不足夠的；effective有效的。根據(jù)句意：陽(yáng)光可能對(duì)某些癌癥有一定的預(yù)防作用。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。（3）signify表示, 預(yù)示；prescribe規(guī)定；reassure使.安心；suspect懷疑, 猜想。根據(jù)句意：

35、他們猜想, 所謂的陽(yáng)光維他命維他命D.”, 選項(xiàng)D符合原文。（4）agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的；bean豆類(lèi)；meat 肉；dairy奶制品。dairy products為固定搭配。（5）at the speed of為固定短語(yǔ), 意為“以.的速度”。（6）portions部分；cells細(xì)胞；diseases疾??；illness病痛。這里指癌細(xì)胞, 用cancer cell。（7）associations關(guān)系；conclusions結(jié)論；judgment判斷；illusions例子。根據(jù)句意：這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)住宅和職業(yè)暴露在陽(yáng)光下與女性乳腺癌和結(jié)腸癌的死亡率呈負(fù)相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。（8）“住

36、宅和工作場(chǎng)所所接收陽(yáng)光照射的程度”與“女性乳腺癌和結(jié)腸癌的死亡率”是并列關(guān)系, 用and, 選項(xiàng)D正確。（9）constitution憲法；conference會(huì)議；institute研究所；operation操作。根據(jù)原文可知這里指國(guó)家癌癥研究所。選項(xiàng)C正確。（10）根據(jù)原文：在職業(yè)與環(huán)境醫(yī)學(xué)的研究報(bào)告中, .。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。（11）根據(jù)下文, 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)陽(yáng)光充足的州皮膚癌死亡率較高。由此推斷選項(xiàng)A符合原文。（12）詞義辨析題。degree程度；impact影響；intensity強(qiáng)度；depth深度。根據(jù)原文可知這里是研究陽(yáng)光對(duì)癌癥的影響, 選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（13）根據(jù)原文可知研究發(fā)現(xiàn)與他

37、們之前的假設(shè)基本一致, 所以應(yīng)該用not surprisingly, 表示不出所料。（14）細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)上文可知是美國(guó)各州之間的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比, 這里也應(yīng)該填入states, 所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。（15）細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)上文的sunnier states, 可以推斷這里也應(yīng)該指陽(yáng)光充足的地區(qū), 選項(xiàng)C符合原文。（16）根據(jù)下文的sunny climate, 可知這里指戶(hù)外工作, 選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（17）細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)上文提到的, 陽(yáng)光充足的州皮膚癌死亡率較高, 而這些地區(qū)其他癌癥的死亡率卻低得多。由此推斷, 這里指死亡率更低, 根據(jù)后面的deaths可推斷應(yīng)用fewer修飾, 所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

38、（18）固定搭配。be associated with與.相關(guān)。（19）indicate指出；propel激勵(lì)；explain 解釋?zhuān)籫enerate使形成, 發(fā)生。根據(jù)句意：弗里德曼說(shuō), 還需要更多的研究來(lái)解釋陽(yáng)光和某些癌癥之間的聯(lián)系。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。（20）這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是陽(yáng)光與具體的某種癌癥的關(guān)系, 所以選項(xiàng)C更符合原文。18.單選題Dont worry. If this does not work, there are other methods we can（）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.fall behindB.fall outC.fall throughD.fall back on【答案】D【解

39、析】詞義辨析題。fall behind落后；fall out脫落；fall through失??；fall back on求助于。句意：不用擔(dān)心。如果這個(gè)辦法沒(méi)用的話(huà),我們還能求助于其它辦法。19.翻譯題名牌大學(xué)享受著絕大部分的政府教育撥款, 而地方大學(xué)只能依靠市場(chǎng)的力量, 這就意味著他們必須要招收更多的學(xué)生以確保財(cái)政收入。這種逐漸加大的差距必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致地方大學(xué)教育質(zhì)量下滑, 這些地方學(xué)校嚴(yán)重缺乏富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的優(yōu)秀教師。更糟糕的是, 這些學(xué)校都喜歡開(kāi)設(shè)一些”軟專(zhuān)業(yè), 比如說(shuō), 會(huì)計(jì), 金融, 公共事業(yè)管理, 國(guó)際貿(mào)易, 外語(yǔ)等等。這些時(shí)髦的專(zhuān)業(yè)不需要太多財(cái)資就可以開(kāi)設(shè), 從而使得學(xué)校珂以容納下這些年的

40、擴(kuò)招學(xué)生。這些專(zhuān)業(yè)的畢業(yè)生過(guò)去受到就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的歡迎。然而, 由于這些專(zhuān)業(yè)的畢業(yè)生日益增多, 使得供需之間產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重不平衡的現(xiàn)象?！敬鸢浮縏he elite universities enjoy strong state patronage in terms of higher concentration of public resources while the local ones are largely left to rely on market forces, which means that they have to take in more students in order to s

41、ecure their revenue. This widening gap inevitably led to deterioration of the quality of higher education in many local colleges, which suffer from a severe shortage of qualified and experienced teaching staff. Worse still, many of these colleges favored adding“soft”programs, e.g., accounting, busin

42、ess/public administration, international commerce, foreign languages, etc. These popular programs require modest resources, thus providing an effective means for fast expansion. Graduates of these programs used to be welcomed into the job market. However, the proliferation of these programs has crea

43、ted a huge discrepancy between the supply and demand side.20.單選題When it comes to the truth of the case, his（）answer is “no comment”.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.invariableB.investigativeC.invalidD.invasive【答案】A【解析】詞義辨析題。invariable不變的,始終如一的；investigative調(diào)查研究的；invalid無(wú)效的；invasive侵略性的。句意：說(shuō)到案件的真相,他始終如一的回答是“無(wú)可奉告”。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。21.單

44、選題He stood（）among a thousand dimly imagined possibilities.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.falteringB.waveringC.pausingD.hesitating【答案】B【解析】詞義辨析題。faltering蹣跚,猶豫的,支吾的；wavering搖擺的,猶豫不決；pause暫停,躊躇；hesitating猶豫的。句意：他在一千種模模糊糊想象出來(lái)的可能性中猶豫不決。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。22.單選題Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a makeup examination ha

45、d you gone and explained that your parents（）at the time.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.had been illB.were illC.would have been illD.should have been ill【答案】B【解析】語(yǔ)法題。句子是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,但“父母病了”是客觀(guān)事實(shí),故不需要用虛擬形式had been,直接用過(guò)去式即可,選項(xiàng)B正確。23.單選題Respect for the law is the foundation of civilized living.（）breaks it will be punished.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Who

46、B.No matter whoC.WhoeverD.People who【答案】C【解析】語(yǔ)法題。如果選A，此處缺少先行詞；如果選D缺少連詞；no matter who引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，句子表達(dá)需完整；whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，可放于句首，符合題意。24.單選題His duty fulfilled, Henry felt a great weight（）off his mind.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.takingB.to takeC.takenD.took【答案】C【解析】考査獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。take的邏輯主語(yǔ)是weight，兩者是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以本題選C。25.單選題Jim isnt（）, but

47、he did badly in the final exams last semester.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.gloomyB.dullC.awkwardD.tedious【答案】B【解析】詞義辨析題。gloomy黑暗的,沮喪的,陰郁的；dull遲鈍的,笨的,陰暗的；awkward尷尬的,笨拙的,棘手的,不合適的；tedious沉悶的,冗長(zhǎng)乏味的。句意：吉姆并不笨，但是上學(xué)期期末考試考得很差。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。26.單選題Both of them are too stubborn to agree to（）, so they had to be assigned to different branch

48、es.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.a friendshipB.a compromiseC.a judgmentD.an emotion【答案】B【解析】詞義辨析題。句意：他們兩個(gè)都很固執(zhí),不肯妥協(xié),所以不得不分管不同的部門(mén)。選項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)符合句意。27.單選題A number of books like Reading Faces and Body Language have（1）the individuals tendency to broadcast things through all manner of（2）movement and facial gymnastics. Such matters, mad

49、e widely familiar by pop sociology, anthropology and psychology, have become the stuff of common conversation. Michael KordasPower! How to Get It, How to Use It,is mainly a primer in how to（3）others by a cold-blooded control of（4）signals that occur commonly in the workaday world: for example, how ex

50、ecutives signal their style of power（5）the clothes they choose and the way they（6）heir office furniture.（7）eyebrow. Involuntary, like leaning away from a salesperson to（9）a deal. Says Julius Fast in Body Language. “We rub our noses for puzzlement. We（10）our arms to（11）ourselves or to protect ourselv

51、es. We（12）our shoulders for indifference.” Any competent psychiatrist remains alert to the expressions by which a patients hidden emotions make（13）known. People even signal by the odors they（14）, as Janet Hopson（15）in superfluous detail in Scent Signals: The Silent Language of Sex. Actually, it is i

52、mpossible for an individual to（16）signaling other people; the person who mutely（17）human intercourse sends out an unmistakable signal in the form of utter silence.Sociologist Dane Arche calls reading such signals “social intelligence.” He said, “We must unshackle ourselves from the tendency to ignor

53、e silent behavior and to prefer words（18）everything else.” The evidence all over is that（19）people wander the earth through thickets of verbiages, many, perhaps most, do pay more attention to wordless signals and are more likely to be influenced and（20）by nonverbal messages.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.concernedB.explore

54、dC.indicatedD.written問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.bodyB.individualC.physicalD.visible問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.manipulateB.conveyC.communicateD.dominate問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.obviousB.acceptedC.nonverbalD.subtle問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.byB.ofC.inD.with問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)A.exhibitB.arrangeC.purchaseD.employ問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)A.UponB.InC.DuringD.At問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)A.elaboratedB.confinedC.revisedD.raised問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)A.embr

55、aceB.resistC.clutchD.extinguish問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)A.claspB.stretchC.arouseD.conceal問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)A.amuseB.fortifyC.isolateD.maintain問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)A.liftB.revertC.dedicateD.shrug問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)A.himB.themC.himselfD.themselves問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)A.spread outB.evoke outC.give offD.depend on問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)A.documentsB.preachesC.describesD.dramatizes問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)A.permea

56、teB.avoidC.reckonD.ignore問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)A.guards againstB.restrains fromC.integrates withD.withdraws from問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)A.aboveB.overC.beyondD.upon問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)A.beforeB.thoughC.whileD.whether問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)A.fabricatedB.transformedC.apprehendedD.governed【答案】第1題:B第2題:A第3題:D第4題:C第5題:A第6題:B第7題:D第8題:D第9題:B第10題:A第11題:B第12題:D第13題:D第14題:C

57、第15題:C第16題:B第17題:D第18題:B第19題:C第20題:B【解析】（1）根據(jù)原文, 許多書(shū)籍探索了個(gè)人傳達(dá)事物的傾向。concerned關(guān)注, 一般主語(yǔ)為人, 不是物；explored探索, explore sth.有圍繞某事物進(jìn)行研究的意思, 符合句意； indicated暗示, 一般書(shū)的主題都是明確的, 不需要用暗示；written寫(xiě)作, 其主語(yǔ)也是人, 這里的主語(yǔ)是books, 所以不正確。（2）根據(jù)原文, 個(gè)人表達(dá)的傾向是通過(guò)各種形式的身體語(yǔ)言和面部表情來(lái)傳達(dá)的。首先排除選項(xiàng)B和D, body movement指局部的肢體運(yùn)動(dòng), 而physical movement指全身

58、性的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。（3）原文指這些書(shū)里說(shuō)通過(guò)體語(yǔ)言和面部語(yǔ)言, 將我們所要表達(dá)的信息傳達(dá)給別人。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。選項(xiàng)A和D都表示操控, 選項(xiàng)C一般后面接介詞with。（4）根據(jù)上文提到的肢體語(yǔ)言和面部語(yǔ)言, 以及下文舉例高管通過(guò)穿衣風(fēng)格和辦公司設(shè)備擺放來(lái)展現(xiàn)自己的風(fēng)格, 可知這些信號(hào)是非語(yǔ)言的, 選項(xiàng)C符合原文。（5）根據(jù)原文可知這里指通過(guò).的方式, 選項(xiàng)A正確。（6）擺放家具在此處用arrange最為合適。（7）at work/play為固定搭配。（8）elaborated詳細(xì)說(shuō)明, 復(fù)雜的；confined限制, 狹隘的；revised改進(jìn)；raised抬起, 揚(yáng)起。原文應(yīng)該是

59、指揚(yáng)起眉毛, 選項(xiàng)D符合原文。（9）embrace擁抱, 信奉；resist抵抗, 抗拒；clutch抓住, 緊握；extinguish熄滅, 壓制。根據(jù)前面的leaning away from a salesperson, 可知是拒絕這單生意, 選項(xiàng)B正確。（10）根據(jù)下文的保護(hù)自己可以推測(cè), 我們應(yīng)該是緊緊抱住自己的手臂。選項(xiàng)A正確。（11）根據(jù)原文, 我們緊緊抱住自己的手臂是為了 和保護(hù)自己。Fortify表增強(qiáng), 加強(qiáng), 還有設(shè)防于的意思, 和protect意思相近, 所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。（12）shrug shoulders為常用搭配, 意為聳肩。（13）這里的a patient并不

60、是指具體的某一個(gè)病人, 而是用冠詞+名詞單數(shù)形式, 表示對(duì)所有病人的統(tǒng)稱(chēng), 所以應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù), 首先排除了選項(xiàng)A和C。根據(jù)上下文, 是病人自己的表情讓醫(yī)生知道了病人自己的隱藏情緒, 所以選D。（14）根據(jù)原文人們散發(fā)出的氣味也是一種信號(hào)。氣味散發(fā)用give off。spread out展開(kāi), 鋪開(kāi)；evoke out喚起；depend on依靠。（15）documents記載；preaches說(shuō)教；describes描述；dramatizes使戲劇化。根據(jù)后面的in superfluous detail可知, 應(yīng)該是詳細(xì)的描述。選項(xiàng)C正確。（16）根據(jù)下文, 一個(gè)人如果沉默地不與人交往, 就會(huì)以