版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
ChapterThreeCreditInstrumentsMaincontents1.Introductiontoinstruments2.Billofexchange3.Promissorynote4.Check5.ComparisonDefinitionofnegotiableinstrumentAnegotiableinstrumentisachoseinaction,thefullandlegaltitletowhichistransferablebydeliveryoftheinstrument(possiblywiththetransferor’sendorse-ment)withtheresultthatcompleteownershipoftheinstrumentandallthepropertyitrepresentspassesfreelyfromequitiestothetransferee,providingthelattertakestheinstrumentingoodsfaithandforvalue.StatutorypropertyhandinsignatureonthebackofinstrumentequityholderpersontransferredwithouthostilitypayforIntroductiontoinstruments(廣義)指商業(yè)上的權(quán)利單據(jù)(DocumentofTitle),作為某人的,不在他實際占有下的金錢或商品的所有權(quán)的證據(jù)。其權(quán)利可以轉(zhuǎn)讓。(狹義)是以支付金錢為目的的證券,由出票人簽名于票據(jù)上,無條件地約定由自己或另一人支付一定金額,可以流通轉(zhuǎn)讓。Creditinstruments★Creditinstruments=awritten/printedpaperagainstwhichtopay,includingFinancialinstrumentsBillofExchangePromissoryNote,etc.ChequeSecuritiesSharecertificateDebenturesetc.LifePolicyCommercialdocumentsB/LWarehousereceipts,etc.TreasuryBill/note/bondnegotiableassignmentTransfer=Semi-negotiablecharacteristics
1.無因性(Non-causativenature):·
2.要式性(Requisiteinform):3.流通性(Negotiability):票據(jù)的流通性表現(xiàn)在以下三個方面:·
要式不要因;·
雙邊對價轉(zhuǎn)讓;·
受讓人不受前手票據(jù)權(quán)利缺陷的影響。
(受讓人:善意的、支付了對價的受讓人)票據(jù)在模擬貨幣流通中帶有的限制性:·
票據(jù)有有效期,到期要兌付為貨幣;·
票據(jù)要記名;·
背書后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)讓。4.提示(Presentment):5.返還性(Returnability):持票人在票據(jù)到期日收到付款人支付的票款后,應將票據(jù)交還付款人,以結(jié)束其流通。
6.設權(quán)性(Establishmentofrightsandresponsibilities)
FunctionsofnegotiableinstrumentsSellerdrawadraftandaskbuyertopayagainstitBuyerasameansofpaymentBuyerMakeatenornotetoSellerasacreditinstrumentSellerBuyerSellgoodsanddrawabillaskingtopaypayeeofbillisseller’screditorLocalbankendorseandtransfer(sell)thebilltoForeignbankpresentforpaymentasnegotiableinstrumentPartiestoanegotiableinstruments★negotiable=transferable=discountableExporterdrawerdrawadraftanddeliverittopayee/creditorofexporterendorseendorsee/endorserendorseholderpresentitforpaymentdrawee/payer2Partiestoanegotiableinstrument
Drawer:thepersonwhodrawsabillofexchangeoracheckuponthedraweeforthepaymentofacertainamountofmoney.Status?Debtororcreditor?
Answer
Maindebtor
beforeacceptancewhilethesecondarydebtor
afteracceptance.
Draweelthepersonuponwhomabillofexchangeoracheckisdrawn.Heisalsoknownastheaddresseeofadraft.Isthedraweethemaindebtor?answerNo,causehedidn’tsigninthebill.Hedoesn’ttaketheliabilitythatthebillwillmustbehonoured.Payee
thepersontowhoseorderthedraweeistomakepaymentortowhomthemoneyistobepaid.
What’shisstatus?Debtororcreditor?
answer
Creditorandthefirstholderaswell.Hehastherighttocollectmoneybypresentingthebillortotransferittoanotherparty.
Endorser
Whenapayeeoraholdersignshisnameonthebackofaninstrumentforthepurposeoftransferringittoanotherperson,heiscalledanendorser.Heisliabletohissubsequentendorser,hisendorseeoranysubsequentholderoftheinstrument.Creditorordebtor?answerDebtorcauseheisliabletohissubsequentendorseri.etheendorsee.
Endorsee
l
Anendorseeisthepersontowhomaninstrumentisendorsed.Heistheholderofaninstrument,whichhasbeentransferredbytheendorser.
Holder
l
Aholderisthepossessor
ofaninstrument,namelythepayee,theendorseeorbearer.Hemaysue,ifneeded,ontheinstrumentinhisownname.
Holderforvalue
thepersonwhopossessesaninstrumentforwhichvaluehasbeengivenbyhimselforbysomeotherpersons.
Holderinduecourse
thepersonwhoisinpossessionofaninstrumentthatis①complete
andregularonitsface,②takenbeforematuritywithoutnoticeofitspreviousdishonor,③takeningoodfaith
andforvalueand
④takenwithoutnoticeofanyinfirmityintheinstrumentofdefectinthetitleofthepersonnegotiatingit.Heisalsocalledabonafideholder,whomayclaimpaymentfromallpartiesliableontheinstrument.
Acceptor
l
Ifandwhenthedraweeagreesandassentstotheorderinwritingaddressedtohimonabillofexchangebysigninghisnameonitsface,indicatingthathewillpayonduedate,thedraweewillbecomeanacceptor.Maindebtor
Guarantor
thepersonwhoguaranteestheacceptanceandpaymentofabillofexchange,thoughheisnotapartyliablethereto.Theobligationsoftheguarantorarethesameasthoseoftheguranteed
Acceptorforhonor
l
thepersonwhohimselfisnotapartyliableonabillofexchangebutwiththeconsentoftheholdermayinterveneandacceptthebillsupraprostest.3ActsofinstrumentToissue:twoactsA.todrawandsignadraftB.todeliverittothepayee.
Usually
afterissuance,thedrawerbecomesthe
maindebtorofaninstrumentandthelastonetobeclaimedagainstwhentheinstrumentisdishonored.
EndorsementItisanactofnegotiation.Prerequisites(先決條件)foravalidendorsement.l
Shouldbenormallyeffectedonthebackofadraftandsignedbytheendorser;Mustbemadeforthewholeamountofthedraft.
Fourkindsofendorsement
Blankendorsement:showsanendorser’ssignatureonlyandspecifiesnoendorsee.Itisalsocalledageneralendorsement.
Specialendorsement
specifiesanendorsee
towhomortowhoseorderthedraftistobepaid,inadditiontothesignatureofanendorser.
Specimen
ExchangeforGBP500.00London,10Nov.AtsightpaytotheorderofCCo.,thesumofPoundsfivehundredonlyToBBank,ForACompany,LondonLondonSignature
SpecialendorsementPaytotheorderofBCo.,LondonForACo.,London
Signature
Blank(general)endorsement
isonethatshowsanendorser’ssignatureonlyandspecifiesnoendorsee.
ForACo.,London
Signature
Restrictiveendorsement
l
itisrestrictivewhenitprohibitsfurthertransferofthedraft.Eg.PaytoABankonlyPaytoABankforaccountofBCo.,PaytoABanknotnegotiablePaytoABanknottoorder
Conditionalendorsement
aspecialendorsementaddingsomewordstheretothatcreateaconditionboundtobemetbeforethespecialendorseeisentitledtoreceivepayment.Theendorserisliableonlyiftheconditionisfulfilled.
examplePaytotheorderofBCo.OndeliveryofB/LNo.123ForACo.,LondonSignature
開出的匯票必須是無條件的支付命令,作成背書卻是可以帶有條件的,附帶條件僅對背書人和被背書人有約束作用,與付款人、出票人無關(guān)。
Presentment
Adraftmustbedulypresentedforpayment
ifitisasight
billordulypresentedforacceptance
firstandthenpresentedforpaymentatmaturityifitisatime
bill.
Acceptance
isasignificationbythedraweeofhisassenttotheordergivenbythedrawer.Heengages,bysigninghisnameacrossthefaceofthebillthathewillpaywhenitfallsdue.
Sopresentmentforacceptanceislegallynecessarytofixthematuritydateofadraftpayableaftersight.Validacceptancerequires:
conditions①theword“accepted”mustbewrittenonthebilltobefollowedbythesignatureoftheacceptorandthedateofacceptance.Ameresignatureoftheacceptorwithoutadditionalwordsisalsojustified.
②Itoughtnotbeexpressedthatthedraweewillcarryouthispromisebyanyothermeansthanthepaymentofmoney.
TypesofacceptancelGeneralacceptancewithoutanyrestrictionswhileconfirmingacceptancelQualifiedacceptance
Conditionalacceptance
ACCEPTED1June,2004PayableondeliveryofBillsofLadingForABCBankLtd.,LondonSignature
PartialAcceptance
forexample,supposingtheamountisGBP1000.00ACCEPTED3June,2004PayableforamountofGBP800.00onlyForABCBankLtd.,LondonSignature
LocalAcceptance
ACCEPTED5June,2004PayableatTheHambrosBankandthereonlyForABCBankLtd.,LondonSignature
QualifiedAcceptanceastotime
(
supposingthetenoris3monthsafterdate(ofissue)ACCEPTED5June,2004Payableat6monthsafterdateForABCBankLtd,,LondonSignature
Payment
Actofpaymentisperformedwhenadraftispaid.Abillisdischargedbypaymentinduecourseonlywhensuchpaymentismadebyoronbehalfofthedraweeortheacceptor
Dishonor
Actofdishonorisafailureorrefusaltomakeacceptanceonorpaymentofadraftwhenpresented
l
Dishonourbynon-acceptancel
Dishonourbynon-paymentPaymentisimpossiblebecauseofthepayer’sbankruptcy,deathorhisevading.
Noticeofdishonor
Anoticeonwhichdefault(不履約/違約))
ofacceptance
orofpaymentbythe
drawee
ortheacceptor
isadvised,tobegivenbyholderofadrafttothedrawerandalltheendorserswhomheseekstoholdliableforpayment.Anoticeofdishonormustbegivenbyoronbehalfoftheholderoranendorseeonthenextworkingdayafterthedishonorofthedraft.
Protest
Awrittenstatementundersealdrawnupandsignedbyanotarypublicorotherauthorizedpersonforthepurposeofgivingevidencethatadrafthasbeenpresentedbyhimforacceptanceorforpaymentbutdishonored.Ifthereisnonotarypublic
intheplaceofdishonour,theprotestcanbemadebyalocalFamousMan
before
twoWitnesses.Thechargesinvolvedisbornebytheholder.
Rightofrecourse
Intheeventofadraftbeingdishonored,theholderhasarightofrecourseagainsttheotherpartiesthereto,thatis,arighttoclaimcompensationfromthedraweroranyendorser.
Recourse:Therighttoclaimarefundfromanotherparty.
Threeconditions
l
(1)Presentwithinalegaltimelimitl
(2)Notice
withinspecifiedtime(thefollowingdayafterdishonourasperBillsofExchangeAct1882)l
(3)Dishonour
mustbewithinspecifiedtime(withinoneworkingdayafterdishonourandmaketheprotestbyanotarypublicasperBillsofExchangeAct1882)
TimelimitBillsofExchangeAct:6
yearstoretaintherightofrecourse
Genevaconventionsof1930:1year
fora
holder
tohispre-endorser,6months
foranendorser
tohispre-endorser.
Acceptanceforhonorsupraprotest
Acceptanceforhonorsupraprotestisanactperformedbytheacceptorforhonor,whoacceptsthebillsupraprotest,forthehonorofanypartyliablethereonorforthehonorofthepersonforwhoseaccountthebillisdrawn.Abillmaybeacceptedforhonorforonlyapartofthesumdrawnpayable.
Paymentforhonorsupraprotest
Paymentforhonorsupraprotestisanactsimilartoacceptanceforhonorsupraprotestinthesensethatitvindicatesthehonorofapartyliableonabill.
Guarantee
Actofguaranteeisperformedbyathirdpartycalledguarantor,whoengagesthatthebillwillbepaidonpresentationifitisasightbilloracceptedonpresentationandpaidatmaturityifitisatimebill.
Actofbills
TheFrenchActs
TheGermanActs
BillofExchangeAct1882UniformLaw
GenevaUniformLaw2.BillofExchange(Draft)
Definition:isanunconditionalorder
in
writing,addressed
by
oneperson
to
another,signedbythepersongivingit,requiringthepersontowhomitisaddressedtopayondemand
oratafixedordeterminable
futuretime
asumcertain
in
money
toortotheorderofaspecifiedperson,ortobearer.MainItemsTheword“Exchange”l
Anunconditionalorderinwritingl
Timeandplaceofissuel
Tenor(timeofpayment)l
Amountinwordsandfiguresl
Nameandaddressofthedraweel
Drawer’ssignaturel
NameofthepayeeEXPRESSIONSOFDECIMALAsperXXX.60,thereareseveraldifferentexpressionsforyrreference:
SAYxxxANDPOINTSIXTYONLY
SAYXXXANDPOINTSIXZEROONLY
SAYXXXANDCENTSIXTYONLY
SAYXXXAND60/100ONLYOtheritemsNumbersandcopiesofabillofexchange(AsetofBill)lPlaceofpayment(theplacebesidesthepayer’snameisregardedastheplaceofpaymentunlessotherwisestipulated)LInterestanditsRatePayableinothercurrency(rateofforeignexchangeshouldbeshownon.Whichcannotconflictwiththelocallawintheplacewherepaymentmade)
Types
l
Cleanbillanddocumentarybilll
Banker’sdraftandcommercial(trader’s)draftAbilliscalledabanker’sdraftwhentheissuerandthepayerarebothabank.Abilliscalledacommercialdraftwhentheissuerandthepayerarebothatrader.lBanker’sacceptancebillandcommercial(trader’s)acceptancebill
lOrderbillorbearerbillorstraightbill
DiscountingWhereapayeeofatermbillrequirespaymentimmediately,abankmaydiscountthebill,i.e.makeimmediatepaymentdeductinganamountforinterestoverthetermofthebill.3.PromissoryNote
Definition
Apromissorynoteisanunconditionalpromiseinwritingmadebyonepersontoanothersignedbythemaker,engagingtopay,ondemandoratafixedordeterminablefuturetime,asumcertaininmoneyto,ortotheorder,ofaspecifiedpersonorbearer.
SpecimenPartiesinvolved
lDrawerPayee
MainItems
l
Thewords“promissorynote”l
Anunconditionalpromisetopayl
Nameofthepayeeorhisorderl
Drawer’ssignaturel
Placeanddateofissuel
Tenorl
AcertainsumofmoneyinwordsandfiguresPlaceofpayment(Itwillberegardedastheplaceofpaymentifnotshown)
Types
Trader’sNotesItisbarelyusedbecauseoftheunknownstandingoftheissuerorheisinanywayfinanciallysuspect.
Banker’snotesTheyarewidelyusedinbankingandissuedbycommercialbankspayabletospecifiedpersonortobearer.Theissuanceofbanker’snotespayabletobearerisprohibitedbygovernmentwhileitisallowedtoissuebanker’snotespayabletospecifiedperson
Traveler’sCheck
Theagentthatissuesthetraveler’schecksisthepayer.In
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 裝酒工(崗位)知識理論考核試題及答案
- 從隋唐盛世到五代十國(課件)-2024-2025學年高一上學期統(tǒng)編版(2019)必修中外歷史綱要上
- 第24章 圓 人教版數(shù)學九年級上冊單元提優(yōu)測評卷(含答案)
- 2025屆廣東省三?!皼Q勝高考夢圓乙巳”高三上學期第一次聯(lián)合模擬考試語文試題
- 網(wǎng)紅營銷策略對純沖動型消費者購買行為影響的問卷調(diào)查
- 股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)對公司財務創(chuàng)新性的影響研究
- 江蘇省南京市秦淮區(qū)四校2023-2024學年中考押題數(shù)學預測卷含解析
- 2023年梧州市招錄公益性崗位人員考試試題及答案
- 2023年四川音樂學院考核招聘教師筆試真題
- 2023年茂名市選聘市屬國有企業(yè)急需緊缺專業(yè)人才筆試真題
- 衛(wèi)生間防水施工ppt課件
- 工具痕跡檢驗PPT課件
- 3篇“雙減”政策背景下小學數(shù)學作業(yè)設計研究教研論文課題報告
- 雙因素理論(課堂PPT)
- 西安中英文介紹(課堂PPT)
- 國家開放大學電大《比較初等教育》形考任務2試題及答案
- 結(jié)構(gòu)力學 形常數(shù)和載常數(shù)表
- 五型班組建設的內(nèi)容及其標準
- 初中歷史復習方法研調(diào)查問卷
- 當責培訓教材
- 微課程設計腳本模板
評論
0/150
提交評論