2021版高考英語（外研版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：選修8 Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe

:v*Module5TheConquest

.oftheUniverse

?>課前三言兩語

KEQIANSANYANLIANGYU誦讀話題經(jīng)典

三言兩語

1.WhenIwasstillalittleboy,I1.毫無疑問，我們以許多不同的方式受

cherishedmanyfancydreams益于科學(xué)的進(jìn)步。

aboutspace.Thereisnodoubtthatwe

2.Infact,solittledoweknowaboutbenefitalotfromthescientificadvan

theuniversethatwearenotevencemnetsinmanydifferentways.

awarehowitcameintobeing.2.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地探索宇宙，使

3.Ihavelongbeeninterestedin它更好地為人類服務(wù)。

spaceexplorationandIbelievethatWeshouldsparenoefforttoexplore

Icanlearnagreatdealfromhimtheuniverseandmakeit

aboutit.servehumanbeingsbetter.

?>基礎(chǔ)知識梳理一_

JICHUZHISHISHULI構(gòu)建知識體系

［單詞拼寫應(yīng)用］

核心單詞

1.垃迤世。力歷史性的，有重大歷史意義的

2.witnessv.目擊，親眼看見；親身經(jīng)歷

3.burstv.爆炸

4.viewv.看，觀察

5.decaden.十年

6.acknowledgev.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為

7.deedn.行為

8.defeatn.&v.失敗；擊敗

9.accusev.指責(zé)

10.SOITOWn.悲傷；悲痛

11.tunev.收看(電視)；收聽(廣播)

12.deliberately〃曲,蓄意地;故意地

［語境運(yùn)用］用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.(2019?浙江卷)We'vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecades(decade)ago

whenparentstendedtobemorestrict.

2.(2018?天津卷)1knewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentwe

weredefeated(defeat).

3.(2016?全國卷I)Silencemaybeviewed(view)bysomeculturalgroupsas

extremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(I訶隙)

withconversation.

4.Since1978thecityhaswitn〉ssed(witness)greatchanges.

5.Therearemanygooddeeds(deed)inourclass,indeedinthewholeschool.

拓展單詞

1.accustomv.使習(xí)慣于-^accustomedadj.習(xí)慣的

2.assumev.假定，假設(shè)fassumingco山.假定,如果fassumption".假定，假

設(shè)

3.patientQ力耐心的〃.病人fpatiencen.耐心fpatientlyado.耐心地

4.advance。.&n.前進(jìn)；進(jìn)展fadvanced〃力.高級的,先進(jìn)的

5.dependv.依靠；取決于fdependent。力.依賴的fdependencen.依賴，依靠

independencen.獨(dú)立

6.reliefn.安慰；寬慰frelieve安慰；寬慰

7.devotev.致力于fdevoted。力.忠誠的fdevotionn.忠誠

8.observev.觀察fobservationn.觀察；監(jiān)視

［語境運(yùn)用］用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Althoughthepatientwasoutofpatience,thenursewasstillpatientwithherwork

anddiditpatiently.(patient)

2.Atfirst,AnnetotallydependedonJack,herhusband.Aftermanyyearsofstruggle,

shegainedherindependenceandnowsheisdependeetonherselftoleadanew

life.(depend)

3.Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalse

assumption.（assume）

4.Withthehelpoftheadvancedtechnology,wecancompletethetaskin

advance.（advance）

5.MrBlackismydevotedfriend.Hedevoteshislifetodoingscientificresearch.I

respecthisdevotiontoscience.（devote）

閱讀單詞

l.leapu.飛躍，跳躍

2.randomadj.任意的；隨機(jī)的

3.tensionn.緊張關(guān)系

4.authorityn.權(quán)力；權(quán)威

5.swearv.起誓保證

6.graspn.控制

7.gloryn.光榮；榮譽(yù)

8.abstractq力.抽象的

9.broada力.豐富的；廣泛的

10.sympathyn.同情；同情心

11.commitmentn.忠誠；奉獻(xiàn)

12.consistenta力.一致的；吻合的

13.dignityn.尊貴；尊嚴(yán)

14.acuteK力.居）烈的；激烈的

15.stable4力.穩(wěn)定的；安定的

16.supreme〃力.最高超的；最優(yōu)的

17.consults.咨詢；請教

18.impactn.影響，作用

高考熱點(diǎn)，熟詞生義你知道下面句子中黑體字的漢語意思嗎？

1.（2017?江蘇卷）However,oneday,inthemusicclassthatwaspartofhis

school'sstandardcumculum,hewasplayingidly（隨意地）onthepianoandfoundit

easytopickouttunes.曲調(diào)

2.（2015?湖北卷）Witheveryplantedfood,Loenoted,there'samomentwhenit's

burstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavo匚充滿

［短語多維應(yīng)用］

［語境運(yùn)用］選用左欄短語的適當(dāng)形式

填空。

l.besimilarto與...相似的

Tomusedtobeabadboy.He

2.setout開始做；著手進(jìn)行

①was_accustomnd_todoingsomethings

3.make/haveanimpactOK

thatheshouldn'thavedone.②Inspiteof

頻對……有影響

thefactthathewas?accusedoflooking

短4.be_accustomed_to習(xí)慣于

downuponthedisabledpersoninpublic,

語5.accusesb.ofdoingsth.指責(zé)

heturnedadeaftoit,which?makea

某人某事

bad⑤impactoatheotherstudentsinhis

6.in_spite_of_不管;盡管

class.Afterhisheadteacher^patient

teaching,hebecameagoodboyfinally.

［語境運(yùn)用］選用左欄短語的適當(dāng)形式

填空。

7.prayfor祈望；祈求

Tsunamis（海嘯）are⑥aseriesofhuge

8.breakout爆發(fā)

wavescreatedbyanunderground

9.a_seriesof一系列的；一連

movementsuchasearthquakeora

串的

volcaniceruption.Atsunamicantravel

10.(be)awareof意識到，明hundredsofmilesperhourintheopen

白o(hù)ceanandhitthelandwithhugewaves.A

11.resultin導(dǎo)致，引起movementoftheoceanfloor,causedby

12.makeit成功，及時到達(dá)earthquakes,mostoften?resultsin

13.at_the_very_beginningoftsunamis.Ifatsunamioccursclosetoa

在……一開始的時候coast,thefirstwavecouldreachthe

beachinafewminutes,evenbeforeyou

?are_aware_ofit.

［句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫］

教材原句背誦句式仿寫應(yīng)用

1.seemtohavedonesth.似乎做了某

事這個名字好耳熟，好像我的老師提到

BythetimetheChallengertookoffin過。

1986,theworldseemedtohavelostThenamesoundssofamiliar.I

itsfearandwonderattheamazingseemtohave_hearditmentionedby

achievementofpeoplegoingupintomyteacher.

space.

2.no+比較級+than...表"和...

兩個故事我都不喜歡，因?yàn)檫@個故事

一樣不……”

和那個故事一樣沒趣。

Theworldwasinshock一maybethey

Ilikeneitherofthetwostories,forthis

assumedthisspacewouldbenomore

storyisno_more_intnrosting_thanthat

dangerousthangettingonan

one.

aeroplane.

3.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。雖然這部手機(jī)很便宜，但因?yàn)檫^時

Incredibleasitmayseem,boththe了，很多人不愿意買它。

observationsofscienceandtheCheapasthismobilephoneis,man

evidenceofoureyesleadtotheypeoplerefusetobuyitbecauseit's

inescapableassumptionthat...outofdate.

>>>重唯考點(diǎn)探究

ZHONGNANKAODIANTANJIU突破思維瓶頸

1.accustomed。切.習(xí)慣的；通常的，慣常的

(l)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于做某事(狀態(tài))

get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于做某事(動作)

(2)accustom使習(xí)慣于

accustomoneselfto(doing)sth.使自己習(xí)慣于(做)某事

’........詞塊積累..........................

takehisaccustomedseatbythefire坐在火爐旁他常坐的座位上

apersonaccustomedtohavingeighthourstsleepanight一個習(xí)慣每晚睡8小

時的人

accustommyselftoallthenewrulesandregulations使自己適應(yīng)所有的規(guī)章制

度

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①(2015?浙江卷)However,insteadofdevotingthemselvestotheirwork,they

findthemselvesworkingtosupportthelifestyletowhichtheyhavesoquickly

becomeaccustomed(accustom).

②Havinglotsofinterestingthingstodo,Ifinallygotaccustomedtoenjoying

(enjoy)myschoollife.

［能力提升］——一句多譯

我習(xí)慣于生活在鄉(xiāng)村，總是覺得生活在城市很困難。

①Accustomedtolivinginthecountry,Ialwaysfindithardtoliveinthe

city.(過去分詞短語作狀語)

②Accustomingmyselftolivinginthecountry,Ialwaysfindithai*dtolive

inthecity.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)

2.assumes假設(shè)，假定，認(rèn)為；承擔(dān)

(l)assumethat…假定，認(rèn)為...

assume...tobe…認(rèn)為...是....；假定....是....

assumetheduty/responsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任

(2)assumingthat假定...(作狀語)

(3)assumptionn,假定，假設(shè)

’........詞塊積累........-f

assumehimtobeinnocentuntilheisprovedguilty

疑罪者從無

assumetheresponsibilityforit為止匕承擔(dān)責(zé)任

assumingthatyouareright假定你是對的

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①（2018?江蘇卷）Trytounderstandwhat'sactuallyhappeninginsteadofacting

ontheassumption（assume）you'vemade.

②Whereunemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumed（assume）thatthe

latterisduetotheformer.

（3）Assuming（assume）thatheisn*tthatlucky,whatshallwedotocomforthim?

［能力提升］——詞匯升級

（普通表達(dá)）Iftherewasn'tthehardworkofthedustmen,whatcanyouimagine

ourenvironmentwouldbe?

（高級表達(dá)）Assuming」that）therewasn'tthehardworkofthedustmen,whatcan

youimagineourenvironmentwouldbe?

3.acknowledgev.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為；感謝；告知收到

［一詞多義］---寫出下列句中acknowledge的含義

①（2019?全國卷H）Heryearsofhardworkhavefinallybeenacknowledged

afteracustomernominated（提名）hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.承認(rèn)，認(rèn)

亙

②Imgoingtoinviteyoutodinnerwithmetoacknowledgeyourfavor.感謝

③Thearmysentmeapostcardacknowledgingmyrequest.告知收至U

?Almostallthepeoplepresentacknowledgedthathewasinnocent.認(rèn)為

acknowledgedoingsth.承認(rèn)做了某事

acknowledgesb.as.../tobe…認(rèn)為...是...（常用于被動語態(tài)）

Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthat???大家公認(rèn)...

’.......詞塊積累........--

refusetoacknowledgebeingdefeated拒絕承認(rèn)被打敗

beacknowledgedtobeamasterofPekingOpera被認(rèn)為是京劇大師

beacknowledgedasamust-seetouristattractioninChina被認(rèn)為是中國必看景

點(diǎn)

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①Withnosolidevidence,herefusedtoacknowledgestealing（steal）thelady's

purse.

②MarkTwainisacknowledgedtobe(be)oneofthebestwritersinAmerica.

［能力提升］——完成句子

大家一致認(rèn)為除非我們創(chuàng)造一個污染更少的世界，否則我們不可能看到更藍(lán)

的天空。

Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatwecanneverexpectabluerskyunlesswe

createalesspollutedworld.

4.accusesb.ofsth.指責(zé)/控告某人....

(l)accusesb.of(doing)sth.=chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告/指責(zé)某人做某事

accusesb.forsth.為某事指責(zé)某人

(2)theaccused被告

’.....??詞塊積累.......--

beaccusedofcausingtheaccident被指控造成了這次事故

beaccusedofpurposelymakingtrouble被指責(zé)故意找事

getaccusedforalltheseriousconsequences由于嚴(yán)重的后果收到指控

Ij

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空

①Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewasaccusedofcheatingcustomers.

=Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewaschargedwithcheatingcustomers.

②Manoftenaccusesnatureforhisownmisfortune.

(3)Theaccused(accuse)wasdeclaredtobeinnocentbythecourtforlackof

proof.

［能力提升］——句式升級

普通表達(dá)：Thewomanwasaccusedofstealing1.2milliondollarsandshewas

tryingtofindherselfalawyer.

①高級表達(dá)：Thewomanaccusedofstealing1.2milliondollarswastryingto

findherselfalawyer.(過去分詞短語作定語)

②高級表達(dá)：ThewomanwhowasaccusedofLstealing1.2milliondollars

wastryingtofindherselfalawyer.(定語從句)

5.(教材P69)Incredibleasi［jnayseemqboththeobservationsofscience

andtheevidenceofoureyesleadtotheinescapableassumptionthat…盡管看起

來不可思議，但科學(xué)觀測以及我們?nèi)庋劭吹降淖C據(jù)都必然會讓我們做出一個設(shè)

相...

［句型公式］本句為主從復(fù)合句，incredibleasitmayseem是由as引導(dǎo)的讓

步狀語從句，其中Incredibleasitmayseem=Althoughitmayseemincredibleo

as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，從句需倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：

(1)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(無冠詞)/形容詞+as/though+主語+be+其他成分

(2)動詞原形+as/though+主語+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+其他成分

(3)副詞+as/though+主語+謂語動詞+其他成分

［金句推送］(陜西卷)Hotasthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecausewe

weresotiredafterthelongjourney.

盡管夜晚很炎熱，但是我們睡得很深，因?yàn)榻?jīng)過一天長途旅行我們都非常疲

憊。

［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Tryas/thoughyoumay,youwon'tbeabletopersuadehim.

②Childasheis,buthelikestobetreatedlikeanadult.去掉but

［能力提升］——句式升級

普通表達(dá)：Althoughtheytriedhard,theycouldn'tmakeherchangehermind.

高級表達(dá)：Hardas/thoughtheytried,theycouldn'tmakeherchangeher

mind.(倒裝句)

A________________核心素養(yǎng)達(dá)標(biāo)

HEXINSUYANGDABIAO強(qiáng)化運(yùn)用技能

多維訓(xùn)練——夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)

維度1——用所給詞的正確形式填空

1.Thefilmfestivalisacknowledged(acknowledge)asaneventofinternational

importance.

2.Farmerswillhaveagoodharvest,assuming(assume)thattheweatheris

favorable.

3.Accustomed(accustom)toclimbthesteepmountains,hehadnodifficulty

reachingthetop.

4.Itriedtocomforthimafterhewasdefeated(defeat)byhisopponent.

5.Thenewgovernmentmustsetouttofind(find)solutionstothecountry's

economicproblems.

維度2——在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~

1.Theyprobablyfearthattheyarewronglyaccusedofknockingdowntheold

man.

2.Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldn'tgetthedooropen.

3.Ifyoudon'tknowwhichuniversitytogoto,consulttheteacherforadvice.

4.Tomygreatrelief,grandmother'sillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehad

feared.

5.Ifyouareinterestedinsomething,devoteyourselftoitandfinallyyouwill

makeit.

維度3——查缺補(bǔ)漏(單句語法填空/單句改錯)

1.Witheconomydevelopmentatgreatspeed,ourcityhaswitnessed(witness)

quiteafewchangesinrecentyears.

2.Theteacherwillputforwardavarietyofquestions,depending(depend)on

yourdifferentanswers.

3.Iwanttostart