考研翻譯與長難句2-英語翻譯

考研英語翻譯與長難句：810886964考研英語翻譯TRANSLATION所占：英語一10%英語二15%題型：中翻英RecyclableNon-recyclableExitNo

Parkingfood

made

of

flourCorporatePublicBusdisposable

goodsdisposablechopsticksdisposable

eDriedDehydrated內(nèi)容：（兩步驟）英文理解（challenging）中文表達(dá)Precise

reading

comprehension精確閱讀理解評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：信:忠實(shí)于原文達(dá):表達(dá)通順，通達(dá)原文雅:文字優(yōu)雅RightHere

Waiting信：就在這里等著達(dá)：我會(huì)一直等著你雅：此情可待My

Heart

will

Go

On信：心會(huì)繼續(xù)達(dá)：我心依舊雅：吾心永恒Desperate

Housewives信：絕望主婦達(dá)：瘋狂主婦雅：欲亂

妻Ghost信：達(dá)：第六感生死戀雅：人鬼情未了PrettyWoman信：漂亮女人

達(dá)：麻雀變鳳凰雅：風(fēng)月俏佳人Lolita信：洛麗塔雅：一樹梨花壓海棠Biggerthan

biggerBigger

than

biggerBiggerthan

bigger版：豈止于大大陸版：比更大還更大話版：大的一B流行語版：比

更唯一的不同，是處處都不同。輕，薄，磅礴。epic

adj.史詩般的；宏大的，壯麗的Like

‘Gone

With

The

Wind’,

it’s

an

epicromance.和《飄》一樣，它也是一個(gè)史詩般的愛情故事。Columbus’s

epic

voyage

of

discovery偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅戴著它，就會(huì)愛上它。Transformers變形Autobotauto

+robot大陸：汽車人：博派：歐特巴族Decepticon大陸：霸天虎：狂派：迪西康族Optimus

Prime大陸：：柯博文：無敵鐵牛Megatron大陸：威震天：麥加登：美陀王得分：翻譯的中文與原文無意義上的偏差，語言通順。You

can’t

be

too

careful

when

driving.開車時(shí)再

都不為過。Ican’t agree

with

you

more.非常同意你的觀點(diǎn)。課程目的：翻譯技術(shù)translating

technique斷、移、變（句）補(bǔ)、換、略（詞）難句閱讀

difficult

sentencescomprehension系表結(jié)構(gòu)：這很好吃。It

tastes

well.It

tastes

good.I

feel

good.I

don’t

feel

well.You

look

gorgeous

/

fantastic

/

handsome

/so

cute

/

so

hot

today.appearThey

appear

to

have

misunderstood

me.他們似乎誤解了我。Under

stress

these

people

will

appear

to

besuperficial,over-eagerand

manipulative.這些人在壓力下會(huì)顯得淺薄無知、操之過急，而且愛擺布人。S+

V+

X我愛你Ilove

you日語S+

O

+

V私はあなたが（大）好きです。（

してる）我你愛。你做什么？你什么干活？英語句子的擴(kuò)展：主干:主謂賓表枝干:定狀補(bǔ)同她是一個(gè)來自 的美麗的

。She

is

a

beautiful

girl

who

was

born

inNanjing.簡單句》難句增加修飾（定、狀、補(bǔ)、同）升級(jí)單詞（詞》詞組》從句）平行結(jié)構(gòu)（排比，并列）變化語序（倒裝，省略，強(qiáng)調(diào))愛上

。Bajie

fell

in

love

with

Chang’e.丑男

愛上

。Bajie,

a

sorry-looking

guy,

fell

in

love

withChang’e,

a

gorgeous

girl.Bajie,

a

sorry-looking

guy

who

had

a

facethat

could

stop

a

train,

fell

in

love

withChang’e,

a

gorgeous

girl

who

wasrecognized

as

the

Goddess

of

the

moon.3.

Withhis

heart

pounding,

breathquickening,

and

his

whole

bodytrembling,

Bajie,

a

sorry-looking

guywho

had

a

face

that

could

stopa

train,fell

in

love

with

Chang’e,

a

gorgeousgirlwho

was

recognized

as

the

Goddess

ofthemoon.4.

It

was

with

his

heart

pounding,

breathquickening,

and

his

whole

bodytrembling

thatBajie,

asorry-lookingguy

who

had

a

face

that

could

stop

atrain,

fell

in

love

with

Chang’e,

agorgeous

girl

whowas

recognizedasthe

Goddess

of

the

moon.強(qiáng)調(diào)句復(fù)習(xí)：It

is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that+剩余部分。Iloveyou.我愛的就是你。It

is

you

that

I

love.愛你的人是我。It

is

I

that

loveyou.讀難句基本功:抓主干例1.主：名詞（動(dòng)名詞），代詞。Watching

western

movies

is

my

favorite.謂語：動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞短語One

might

point

out,

for

instance,

that

during

thelong

period

from

the

early

days

on

the

IndustrialRevolution

to

modern

times,

much

of

the

growthin

productivity

and

material

wealth

in

theindustrial

nations

came

not

just

from

creativeinventions

like

the engine,

but

from

thewidespread

application

of

“cooking

in

ty”business

methods

like

massive

division

of

labor,concentration

of

assets,

vertical

integration

andeconomies

of

scale.One

might

point

out,

for

instance,

that

during

thelong

period

from

the

early

days

on

the

IndustrialRevolution

to

modern

times,

much

of

the

growth

in

productivity

and

material

wealth

in

theindustrial

nations

camenot

justfromcreative

inventions

like

the engine,

but

from

the

widespread

application

of

“cooking

in

ty”

business

methods

like

massive

division

of

labor,concentration

of

assets,

vertical

integration

andeconomies

of

scale.形態(tài)一：China,the

largest

country

in

Asia,a

fastnation

in

the

world,

hosted

the

2008develoOlympics.形態(tài)一S+

+

V+

O長頸鹿句型形態(tài)二：Greatly

interested

in

the

movie

Star

Warand

inspired

by

the

story,he

decided

to

commithimself

to

science

fictionwriting.形態(tài)二

,

S

+

V+

O長發(fā)句型形態(tài)三：I

met

the

pretty

girl

who

was

alwaysin

my

dreams,wearing

a

bright

red

dress,with

a

chicken

in

one

hand,a

duck

in

theother,and

a

chubby

baby

on

her

back.形態(tài)三S+V+O,

長尾句型形態(tài)四：Whether

we

find

a

joke

funny

ornot

largely

depends

on

where

we

havebeen

brought

up.形態(tài)四

S

+

V

+

O大頭句型讀難句的訓(xùn)練：拆

ysis裝repetition悟appreciation(不分析，不停頓，不回視）中文難句讀懂》英文難句讀懂中文難句測試：仰望一輪皎潔的圓月和滿天繁星，站在一個(gè)陰森恐怖，搖搖欲墜的破屋頂上，目光呆滯、神情

、灰頭土臉，胖的像“八戒”一樣的他氣壯山河，驚天地、泣鬼神，震耳欲聾 唱著一首他自己作詞作曲，誰也沒聽過的，聽上去像是鬼叫的一首名字叫做《為什么我唱的歌那么難聽oh

shit》的歌。不分析，不回視，不停頓HSK翻譯難點(diǎn)：一詞多義Tension

is

building

up.形勢緊張張力增加壓力增強(qiáng)電壓增加血壓增加This

war

is ing

the

most

importantstory

of

this

generation.事件It

is

quite

another

story

now.情況Some

reporters

who

were

not

included

inthe

session

broke

the

story.消息He

will

be

very

happy

if

that

story

holds

up.說法The

Rita’s

story

is

one

of

the

saddest.遭遇What

a

story!I

don’t

believe

a

word

of

it.?Last

Dec.

the

Post reported

that

probeswere

beingmade

ineachof

thosecities,

butofficials

refusedto

confirm

thestory.消息The

story

about

him

becamesmaller

and

byand

by

faded

outfrom

the

American

TV.?英漢關(guān)鍵差異：英語形和（注重語法）I

love

you.

I

loved

you.漢語意合（不重視語法）松下問童子，言師采藥去。只在此山中，云深不知處。午時(shí)而起，遇惡犬一條，咬腿甚痛。I

encountered

a

mad

dog,

which

bit

me

on

myleg,

and

myleg

hurtbadly.漢語多用短句，英文多用長句A把球傳給了B;B把球傳給了C;C把球傳給了D;D把球回傳給A。sed

the

ball

toB,

who

passed

the

ball

to

C,whopassed

the

ball

to

D,

who

passed

the

ball

back

to

A.Sam

is

a

talented

manager

who

graduated

from

afamous

business

school

which

offers

a

goodMBAprogram.Sam是一個(gè)有天賦的經(jīng)理，他畢業(yè)于一所著名的商學(xué)院，該學(xué)院提供優(yōu)秀的MBA教育項(xiàng)目。英漢差異之：定語位置短定語

前置長定語

斷句定語從句與主句有邏輯關(guān)系

變狀語從句（長短之分

7

words）Shanghai

is

a

large

city

with

18

millionpeople.短定語前置Any

one

who

has

a

steady e

and

agood

work

record

can

apply

for

creditcard.定語從句與主句有邏輯關(guān)系變狀語從句I

met

a

girl

with

a

nice

hat

last

night,whom

I

had

a

crush

on

in

college.短定語前置長定語斷句haveacrush

on短暫地、熱烈地但又是羞澀地愛戀secret

lovesecretly

in

loveone-side

loveMrs.

Smith

who

has

been

married

to

herhusband

for

10

years,

still

doesn’t

know

himverywell.定語從句與主句有邏輯關(guān)系變狀語從句英漢差異之：狀語位置短狀語

謂語前長狀語

句首結(jié)果狀語、伴隨狀語不移位（長短之分

3

words）Whatever

I

tried

to

speak

to

him,

Tomcouldn’t

understand

me.Tom

couldn’t

understand

me,

whatever

Itried

to

speak

to

him.Tom,

whatever

I

tried

to

speak

to

him,couldn’t

understand

me.Creativity

is

essential

to

the

way

we

liveand

work

today.長狀語句首英漢差異之：

語態(tài)一、不換主語，換謂語（謂語動(dòng)詞反過來說）I

was

born

in

America,

but

I

was

brought

up

inChina,

and

I

was

taught

in

books

that

Chinahad

a

long

history.The

building

was

built

in

the

1950s.England

was

united

as

a

Kingdom

athousand

years

ago.Nowadays,

people

are

given

chances

tochoose

whatever

lifestyles

they

like.If

a

child

failed

to

hand

in

his

intime,

he

might

be

severely

scolded,

evenrefused

any

reasonable

help.二、換主語或棄主語（乾坤大挪移：主語賓語互換，謂語動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)）This

cooperation

will

be

strengthened

by

ourtalk

next

week.Mr.

Green’s

qualification

for

this

post,

I

think,are

well-known

by

all

of

you

ladies

andgentlemen.qualification

轉(zhuǎn)化為

qualifypostpositionjobplacevocationcareerPeople’s

awareness

of

life-long

learningshould

be

cultivated.可翻譯成祈使句也可補(bǔ)主語awarenessconsciousnessunconsciousnesssub-consciousnessconscienceconscientiouscultivatecultivate

a

new

generation培育新一代ysiscultivatethehabitof養(yǎng)成分析的cultivate

a

love

of

art培養(yǎng)對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛It

is

generally

believed

that

good

educationis

the

key

to

success.強(qiáng)調(diào)句？

形式主語？定語從句？It

is

asserted

that

...It

is

said

that....It

is

hoped

that...It

is

recorded

that...Itiswell-known

that...It

is

reported

thatIt

must

be

admitted

that...It

goes

without

saying

that...Thereisnodenying

thatThere

is

no

doubt

thatNeedless

to

say,There

is

no

room

for

doubt

that句，被，給，讓，靠，把，三、中文受到，Because

of

its

cost,

this

cutting

edgetechnology

is

limited

in

practical

use.edgea

knife

with

a

sharp

edge有利刃的刀the

edge

of

the

table桌子邊the

edge

of

the

cliff崖邊on

the

edge

of

bankruptcy處于

的邊緣a

decisive

edge

in

military

strength軍事力量上的決定性優(yōu)勢EDGE

銳界The

world

record

of

110-meter

hurdles

hasbeen

broken

by

a

Chinese

athle iuXiang.Thailand’s

economy

was

greatly

hit

by

theAsian

financial

crisis

1997.financial

crisis

=

financial

tsunamiThe

products

are

designed

and

producedby

ourselves.翻譯技巧斷，補(bǔ)Michael

Lynn,

an

associate

professor

ofconsumer

behavior

and

marketing

at

Cornell’sSchool

of

Ho

Administration,

has

conducteddozens

of

studies

of

tip and

has

concludedthat

consumers’

assessment

of

the

quality

ofservice

correlate

weakly

to

the

amount

they

tip.Michael

Lynn,

an

associate

professor

ofconsumer

behavior

and

marketing

at

Cornell’sSchool

of

Ho

Administration,

/

hasconducted

dozens

of

studies

of

tip /

andhas

concluded

/that

consumers’

assessment

ofthe

quality

of

service

correlate

weakly

to

theamount

they

tip.associateMr.

Lin

is

associate

director

of

the

Institute.是

的副

。She

applied

for

associate

membership

last

year.她去年申請(qǐng)成為準(zhǔn)會(huì)員。We

associate

China

with

the

Greet

Wall.。想起中國,就聯(lián)想到associate

degree副Teaching

assistantLecturerAssistant

professorAssociate

professorProfessorassociationan

association

of

ideas聯(lián)想I

benefited

much

from

my

association

with

him.我和他結(jié)交受益非淺。CFAChina

Football

AssociationMichael

Lynn,

an

associate

professor

ofconsumer

behavior

and

marketing

atCornell’s

School

of

Ho

Administration,長定語（從后往前）consumers’

assessment

ofthequalityofservice

correlate

weakly

to

the

amount

theytip.A’s

B

=

B

of

AChina’s

economy

=

economy

of

ChinaD’s

B

of

C

of

DA

of

B

of

C

of

Dcorrelate

=

cor

+

relateJohn

Swaddle,

an

Ethnologist

at

theUniversity

of

Bristol,/performed

theexperiment

using

wild

starlings（八哥）,/

which

have

excellent

eyesight.定語從句過短不適合切分In

Europe,

as

elsewhere

multi-mediagroups

have

been

increasingly

successfulgroup

/

which

bring

together

evision,radio,

newspapers,

magazines

andpublishing

houses

/

that

work

in

relation

toone

another.as

prep.as

conj.as

a

party

memberlikeas

we

all

knowwhenbecausealthoughStupid

as

it

sounds,

I

was

so

in

love

with

herthat

I

believed

her.盡管聽起來很愚蠢，我是如此愛她竟然相信了

話。multi-media

groups

have

been

increasinglysuccessful

groupmulti-media

groups綜合increasingly越來越group（略）移The

disappearance

of

national

borders

andthe

establishment

of

global

markets

will

deala

death

blow

to

regional

and

nationalcultures.定語移位deal

a

death

blow帶來致命打擊blowWind

blows.explode/

blaststrike/

beatThe

can

exploded,

wrecking

the

kitchen

andbathroom

and

blowing

out

windows.罐子

了，不但炸毀了廚房和浴室，還把窗戶炸飛了。Thecartyre

blew.這輛車爆胎了。We

can

learn

a

great

deal

about

whatmay

happen

in

the

future

by

lookingsystematically

at

what

is

happening

now.狀語移位looking（換）Single

mothers

are

more

likely

to

worknights

and

weekends

than

marriedmothers.比較狀語移位The

big

advance

instandard

of

living

—not

to

mention

the

big

competitive

advantages

inthemarketplace

—

always

have

come

from

“better

recipes,not

just

more

cooking.”語移位

standard

of

living生活水平better

recipes,

not

just

more

cooking更好的配方，而不是 的烹飪（質(zhì)變而不是量變）不考知識(shí)，只考語言和邏輯not

to

mention=let

aloneOne

advantage

of

his

icebox,

Moore

explained,was

that

farmers

would

no

longer

have

totravelto

market

at

night

in

order

to

keep

their

producecool.語移位

目的狀語移位iceboxcoolerfreezerfridgerefrigerator變Electronic

computers,

which

have

manyadvantages,

cannot

do

everything

insteadof

man.定語從句變狀語從句People

have

doubts

abouttheconsequences

of

global

warming.

So

AlGore

decided

to

give

a

speech

that

willshow

his

attitude

towards

this

issue.定語從句變狀語從句consequenceresulteffecte《難以忽視的

》An

Inconvenient

TruthAl

GoreIn

some

of

the

European

countries

the

peopleare

given

the

biggest

social

benefit

such

asmedical

insurances.變主動(dòng)biggest（換）social

benefitsocial

securitywelfarewell-beinghappinessAdvances

in

computing

power

and

molecularbiology

are

among

the

tremendous

increases

inscientific

capability

that

are

hel

researchersgain

a

better

understanding

of

these

problems.變換句式A

is

among

B.B之一就是A.A

and

Bare

among

C.C包含A和B.Advances

in

computing

power

and

molecularbiology

are

among

the

tremendous

increases

inscientific

capability

that

are

hel

researchersgain

a

better

understanding

of

these

puting

power計(jì)算能力molecular

biology分子生物學(xué)scientific

capability科學(xué)實(shí)力tremendousgiganticgiant

titanicenormousimmensePowering

the

great

ongoing

changes

ofour

time

is

the

rise

of

human

creativity

asthe

defining

feature

of

economic

life.倒裝句型還原As

the

defining

feature

of

economic

life,the

rise

of

human

creativity

is

poweringthe

great

ongoing

changes

of

our

time.As

the

defining

feature

of

economic

life,

therise

of

human

creativity

is