考研考博-英語-四川職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Anthropologyisthestudyofhumanbeingsascreaturesofsociety.Itfastensitsattentionuponthosephysicalandindustrialtechniques,thoseconventionsandvalues,whichdistinguishonecommunityfromallothersthatbelongtodifferenttradition.

Thedistinguishingmarkofanthropologyamongthesocialsciencesisthatitincludesforseriousstudyothersocietiesthanourown.Foritspurposesanysocialregulationofmatingandreproductionisassignificantasourown,thoughitmaybethatoftheSeaDyaks,andhavenopossiblehistoricalrelationtothatofourcivilization.Totheanthropologists,ourcustomsandthoseofNewGuineatribearetwopossiblesocialschemesfordealingwithcommonproblems,andinsofarasheremainsananthropologistheisboundtoavoidanyweightingofoneinfavoroftheother.Heisinterestedinhumanbehavior,notasitisshapedbyonetradition,ourown,butasithasbeenshapedbyanytraditionwhatsoever.Heisinterestedinawiderangeofcustomthatisfoundinvariouscultures,andhisobjectiveistounderstandthewayinwhichthesecultureschangeanddifferentiate,thedifferentformsthroughwhichtheyexpressthemselvesandthemannerinwhichthecustomsofanypeoplesfunctioninthelivesoftheindividuals.

Nowcustomhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasubjectofanygreatmoment.Theinnerworkingsofourownbrainswefeeltobeuniquelyworthyofinvestigation,butcustom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavioratitsmostcommonplace.Asamatteroffact,itistheotherwayround.Traditionalcustomisamassofdetailedbehaviormoreastonishingthanwhatanyonepersoncaneverevolveinindividualactions.Yetthatisarathertrivialaspectofthematter.Thefactoffirst-rateimportanceisthepredominantrolethatcustomplaysinexperienceandbelief,andtheverygreatvarietiesitmaymanifest.

1.Accordingtothepassage,wecansaythatanthropology（）.

2.Forseriousstudy,ananthropologist（）.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthoristrying（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthormostprobablyagreewith?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.candealwithhumanbeingsasonegroupofthecreaturesinthelivingworld

B.canrevealanenormousdiversityoftraditions

C.canprovideinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandnature

D.candistinguishthehumanracefromothercreatures

問題2選項

A.mustnotstudyhisownculture

B.isnotsupposedtohaveaprejudiceagainstanysociety

C.shouldfocusonthosesocietieswhicharehistoricallyrelatedtoeachother

D.isobligedtoworkonlyonthosesocietiesthathavenohistoricalrelationshiptoeachother

問題3選項

A.tobecriticalofcustom

B.tosaythatanthropologyismoreimportantthanpsychology

C.tostrengthentherolecustomplaysinexperienceandbelief

D.todrawourintentiontotheimportanceofcustom

問題4選項

A.Thegoaloftheanthropologististounderstandthewayinwhichpeopleexpressthemselves.

B.Theanthropologisttriestounderstandwhyculturesarecarriedonwithoutanychange.

C.Theanthropologist'sprofessionalinterestisaswideasthevarietyofcustoms.

D.Theanthropologististoexploresocialrelationsofdifferentpeople.

問題5選項

A.HumanBehavior.

B.CreatureofSociety.

C.TheScienceofCustom.

D.TheFunctionsofCultures.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Itfastensitsattentionuponthosephysicalandindustrialtechniques,thoseconventionsandvalues,whichdistinguishonecommunityfromallothersthatbelongtodifferenttradition(它把注意力集中在那些自然特征和工業(yè)技術、傳統(tǒng)和價值觀上，它們使一個社區(qū)區(qū)別于從屬于不同傳統(tǒng)的其他社會),即人類學能體現(xiàn)從屬于不同傳統(tǒng)的社會之間的不同,因此B項“揭示傳統(tǒng)的巨大多樣性”正確。

2.判斷推理題。A項中“mustnot”和D項中“only”表述過于絕對,故排除。B:不應該對任何社會存在偏見,第二段指出:...andinsofarasheremainsananthropologistheisboundtoavoidanyweightingofoneinfavoroftheother(只要他還作為一位人類學家，他就一定會避免厚此薄彼，對任何文化存在偏見),因此B與原文所述相符。C:應關注歷史上相互關聯(lián)的社會,第二段指出:Foritspurposes,anysocialregulation...andhavenopossiblehistoricalrelationtothatofourcivilization(就其目的而言，任何社會規(guī)則……都與我們文化中的社會規(guī)則不可能有歷史聯(lián)系),因此C與原文不符。故選B。

3.作者意圖題。題干為:在第三段,作者打算…?第三段開始指出:Nowcustomhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasubjectofanygreatmoment(當前，習俗并沒有被看作是一門重要的學科),隨后強調(diào)了Asamatteroffact,itistheotherwayround(事實正好相反)。而后談及了習俗的作用和多樣性。因此作者第三段談及的是習俗的重要性和地位。故選D。

4.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Heisinterestedinawiderangeofcustomthatisfoundinvariouscultures,andhisobjectiveistounderstandthewayinwhichthesecultureschangeanddifferentiate,thedifferentformsthroughwhichtheyexpressthemselvesandthemannerinwhichthecustomsofanypeoplesfunctioninthelivesoftheindividuals(他感興趣的是在各種文化中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的浩瀚的習俗范圍，他的目標就是弄懂這些文化變化和相互區(qū)別的方式，搞清楚它們表達自己的不同方式，弄明白任何一個民族的習俗在某一特定文化中的個人生活中的作用方式),故選C“人類學家的專業(yè)范疇與習俗的豐富性一樣廣泛”。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了人類學的研究范圍、對象和目標。通篇都在介紹人類學所研究的重點是人類的習俗，以及后文重點介紹了習俗的重要性和地位。故C項“習俗的科學”比較適合做文章標題。

2.單選題

Thehospitalisnowdiscounting10standardoperations,________havingababytoundergoingaheartbypass.

問題1選項

A.rangingfrom

B.covering

C.consistingof

D.comprising

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項“從……到……”；B選項“覆蓋，包含”；C選項“包括，組成”；D選項“包括”。句意：這家醫(yī)院現(xiàn)在不考慮（做）10種標準手術，（）接生到心臟搭橋手術。從句子關鍵詞“to”，選項中和to搭配的只有rangefrom...to；所以答案選A。consistof和comprise后面列舉的例子一般用and連接。

3.單選題

Ifyoukeepgettingwrongnumbers,yourphonecouldbe（）.

問題1選項

A.deficient

B.deceptive

C.defective

D.ineffective

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項deficient“不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的”，尤指數(shù)量不足；B選項deceptive“欺詐的；迷惑的；虛偽的”；C選項defective“有缺陷的；不完美的”，尤指質(zhì)量不佳；D選項ineffective“失效的，不起作用的，無效的”。句意：如果你總是打錯電話，你的電話可能是無效的。因此D選項正確。

4.單選題

Itiseasytounderstandthatthethickertheseamis,______togetthecoaloutoftheground.

問題1選項

A.itischeaper

B.thecheaper

C.itismorecheap

D.thecheaperitis

【答案】D

【解析】考查比較級的用法?！癟he+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……越……”。Cheap的比較級形式是cheaper，所以排除C項；B項缺少主語和謂語，所以B項排除；A項不符合語法。句意：很容易理解的是，煤層越厚，將煤從地下開采出來的成本就越低。因此D項正確。

5.單選題

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”，althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationswanted”，althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”，or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”，ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”，wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”，wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thenewtypeofadvertisements（

）.

2.Nowademandforthistypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause（

）.

3.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould（

）.

4.Whenapplyingformoreimportantjobs,onehadbetterincludeintheletter（

）.

5.Theresumehasbecomesoimportantbecause（

）.

問題1選項

A.informsjobhuntersofthechancesavailable

B.promisesusefuladvicetojob-hunters

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersthatpeopleareavailableforwork

問題2選項

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytop-leveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

問題3選項

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

問題4選項

A.somethingattractiveinone’sapplication

B.apersonalopinionabouttheorganizationonewantedtojoin

C.somethingthatwouldoffenditsreader

D.aliethatonecouldeasilygetawaywithtelling

問題5選項

A.ofanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.ofanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswhichdegrees

C.ofmuchmorecomplicatednessofjobstoday

D.itislesscomplicatedthanotherapplicationprocesses

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第二段第一句contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”，or“makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory提到這個廣告的內(nèi)容是“在寫求職信之前聯(lián)系我們”“我們的經(jīng)驗能夠幫你更好地準備你的簡歷”可知這個廣告主要是給那些求職者服務，所以選項B符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment提到了這種服務存在的原因是由于現(xiàn)在的高失業(yè)率。所以選項C符合題意。

3.文章第三段theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview提到對于剛畢業(yè)出來找第一份工作求職來說求職信只是第一句，信中除了一些基本信息不需要透露太多，剩下的等獲得面試資格再說。選項D符合題意。

4.第四段前兩句later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest提到當你要去找更重要的工作時，求職信中需要寫上一些你與其他人相比有何獨到之處。選項A符合題意。

5.最后一段提到越來越多的大學生求職者使得個人簡歷顯得很重要，所以選項B符合題意。

6.單選題

Theyfearitcouldhavea(n)（

）effectonglobalfinancialmarkets.

問題1選項

A.sizeable

B.adverse

C.beneficial

D.consequential

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項sizeable“相當大的”；B選項adverse“不利的，有害的，反面的”；C選項beneficial“有利的，有益的”；D選項consequential“隨之而來的，相應發(fā)生的，重要的”。由句中的fear（害怕，擔心）可推測effect（影響）是指不好的、不利的影響，因此選B。句意：他們害怕它會對全球金融市場有不利的影響。

7.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是20世紀最重大的科技發(fā)明之一，將深刻地影響人類社會文明進程。目前，全世界網(wǎng)民數(shù)量達到30億，普及率達到40%，全球范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡互聯(lián)、信息互通，世界真正變成了地球村。本次大會回應了國際社會的關切，對于推動全球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)均衡、安全、可持續(xù)發(fā)展，更好發(fā)揮互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在世界經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的重要作用，促進各國人民共享互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展成果，增進人類福祉，具有十分重要的意義。

【答案】TheInternet,oneofthemostimportantscientificandtechnologicalinventionsofthe20thcentury,willhaveaprofoundimpactontheprogressofhumancivilization.Atpresent,thenumberofInternetusersaroundtheworldhasreached3billion,andtheInternetpopularityratehasreached40%.Internetconnectivityandinformationexchangehavebeenachievedaroundtheworldandtheworldhastrulybecomeaglobalvillage.Thisconferencerespondstotheconcernsoftheinternationalcommunityandisofgreatsignificanceforpromotingthebalance,secureandsustainabledevelopmentoftheglobalInternet,givingfullplaytotheimportantroleoftheInternetintheworld’seconomicandsocialdevelopment,enablingpeopleofallcountriestosharethefruitsofInternetdevelopmentandimprovingthewell-beingofmankind.

8.單選題

Thereareseveral（

）betweentheoriginalestimatesofthecostandtheactualbills.

問題1選項

A.exaggerations

B.discrepancies

C.breakthroughs

D.compliances

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。exaggerations夸張，夸大；discrepancies偏差，差異；breakthroughs突破；compliances服從，聽從。句意：在最初的支出預算和實際賬單之間有一些偏差。根據(jù)theoriginalestimatesofthecostandtheactualbills可知，這兩者之間的關系只可能是有偏差，答案B

9.單選題

Thepercentageofimmigrants(includingthoseunlawfullypresent)intheUnitedStateshasbeencreepingupwardforyears.At12.6percent,itisnowhigherthanatanypointsincethemid1920s.

WearenotabouttogobacktothedayswhenCongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespollutingAmerica’sbloodstream.Butonceagainwearewonderingwhetherwehavetoomanyofthewrongsortofnewcomers.Theirloudestcitesarguethatthenewwaveofimmigrantscannot,andindeeddonotwantto,fitinaspreviousgenerationsdid.

Wenowknowthattheseracistviewswerewrong.Intime,Italians,Romaniansandmembersofotherso-calledinferiorracesbecameexemplaryAmericansandcontributedgreatly,inwaystoonumeroustodetail,tothebuildingofthismagnificentnation.Thereisnoreasonwhythesenewimmigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess.

AlthoughchildrenofMexicanimmigrantsdobetter,intermsofeducationalandprofessionalattainment,thantheirparentsUCLAsociologistEdwardTelleshasfoundthatthegainsdon’tcontinue.Indeed,thefourthgenerationismarginallyworseoffthanthethirdJamesJackson,oftheUniversityofMichigan,hasfoundasimilartrendamongblackCaribbeanimmigrants,TellsfearsthatMexican-AmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks——thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemiredinaseeminglystateofpovertyandunderachievement.LikeAfrican-Americans,Mexican-Americansareincreasinglyrelegatedto（降入）segregated，substandardschools,andtheirdropoutrateisthehighestforanyethnicgroupinthecountry.

Wehavelearnedmuchaboutthefoolishideaofexcludingpeopleonthepresumptionoftheethnic/racialinferiority.ButwhatwehavenotyetlearnedishowtomaketheprocessofAmericanizationworkforall.IamnottalkingaboutrequiringpeopletolearnEnglishortoadoptAmericanways;thosethingshappenprettymuchontheirown,butasargumentsaboutimmigrationhearupthecampaigntrail,wealsooughttoasksomebroaderquestionaboutassimilation,abouthowtoensurethatpeople,onceoutsiders,don’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores.

Thatisamuchlargerquestionthanwhatshouldhappenwithundocumentedworkers,orhowbesttosecuretheborder,anditisonethataffectsnotonlynewcomersbutgroupsthathavebeenhereforgenerations.Itwillhavemoreimpactonourfuturethanwherewedecidetosettheadmissionsbarforthelatestwareofwould-beAmericans.Anditwouldbeniceifwefinallygottheanswerright.

36.HowwereimmigrantsviewedbyU.S.Congressinearlydays?

37.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthenewimmigrants?

38.WhatdoesEdwardTelles’researchsayaboutMexican-Americans?

39.Whatshouldbedonetohelpthenewimmigrants?

40.Accordingtotheauthor,theburningissueconcerningimmigrationis（）.

問題1選項

A.Theywereofinferiorraces.

B.TheywereaSourceofpoliticalcorruption.

C.Theywereathreattothenation’ssecurity.

D.Theywerepartofthenation’sbloodstream.

問題2選項

A.TheywillbeadynamicworkforceintheU.S.

B.Theycandojustaswellastheirpredecessors.

C.Theywillbeverydisappointedonthenewland.

D.Theymayfindithardtofitintothemainstream.

問題3選項

A.Theymayslowimprovefromgenerationtogeneration.

B.Theywilldobetterintermsofeducationalattainment.

C.TheywillmeltintotheAfrican-Americancommunity.

D.Theymayforeverremainpoorandunderachieving.

問題4選項

A.Ridthemoftheirinferioritycomplex.

B.UrgethemtoadoptAmericancustoms.

C.Preventthemfrombeingmarginalized.

D.TeachthemstandardAmericanEnglish.

問題5選項

A.howtodealwithpeopleenteringtheU.S.withoutdocuments

B.howtohelpimmigrantstobetterfitintoAmericansociety

C.howtostopillegalimmigrantsfromcrossingthecorder

D.howtolimitthenumberofimmigrantstoentertheU.S.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:36.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“WearenotabouttogobacktothedayswhenCongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespollutingAmerica’sbloodstream.”，可知他們不會回到國會公開擔心劣等種族污染美國血統(tǒng)的時代。可判斷出美國國會早期是將移民看待為一種劣等種族。選項A符合題意。

37.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Intime,Italians,Romaniansandmembersofotherso-calledinferiorracesbecameexemplaryAmericansandcontributedgreatly,inwaystoonumeroustodetail,tothebuildingofthismagnificentnation.Thereisnoreasonwhythesenewimmigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess.”，可知隨著時間的推移，意大利人、羅馬尼亞人和其他所謂劣等種族的成員成為了美國人的楷模，他們?yōu)榻ㄔO這個偉大的國家做出了巨大的貢獻。這些新移民也能夠取得同樣的成功?？膳袛喑鲎髡哒J為新的移民者可以做得和他們的前輩一樣好。選項B符合題意。

38.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“TellsfearsthatMexican-AmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks——thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemiredinaseeminglystateofpovertyandunderachievement.”，可知Tells擔心墨西哥裔美國人可能注定要步美國黑人的后塵，大部分人可能會陷入貧窮和不好的境地。可判斷出Tells認為他們可能永遠貧窮，沒有成就。選項D符合題意。

39.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“wealsooughttoasksomebroaderquestionaboutassimilation,abouthowtoensurethatpeople,onceoutsiders,don’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores.”，可知我們還應該問一些更廣泛的問題，關于同化，關于如何確保人們作為外來者不會永遠被邊緣化?？膳袛喑鑫覀円獛椭碌囊泼裾呔褪且乐顾麄儽贿吘壔?。選項C符合題意。

40.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Thatisamuchlargerquestionthanwhatshouldhappenwithundocumentedworkers,orhowbesttosecuretheborder,anditisonethataffectsnotonlynewcomersbutgroupsthathavebeenhereforgenerations.”，可知這是一個比非法移民問題更大的問題，也比如何最好地保衛(wèi)國土問題更大。這個問題不僅影響新移民，也影響已經(jīng)在這里生活了的幾代人。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，可知這個問題就是如何幫助移民更好地融入美國社會。選項B符合題意。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

10.單選題

JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.

Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingruling,particularlyonethatupsetstheoldassumptionsthatauthoritiesmaysearchthroughthepossessionsofsuspectsatthetimeoftheirarrest.Itishard,thestateargues,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.

ThecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedCalifornia’sadvice.Enoughoftheimplicationsarediscernable,evenobvious,sothatthejusticecanandshouldprovideupdated

guidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.

TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone—avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation—issimilarto,say,goingthroughasuspect’spurse.Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon'tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheygothroughthewalletorpocketbook,ofanarresteewithoutawarrant.Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.Asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee’sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistory,andcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.Thedevelopmentof“cloudcomputing,”meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchtheeasier.

ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia’sargumentwhole.New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections.OrinKen;alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasadigitalnecessityoflifeinthe20th:Thejusticeshadtospecifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepassengercarthen;theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.

1.TheSupremeCourtwillworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto（

）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardCalifornia’sargumentisoneof

（

）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatexploringone’sphonecontentiscomparableto

（

）.

4.InParagraph5,theauthorshowshisconcernthat

（

）.

5.OrinKerr’scomparisonisquotedtoindicatetha（

）.

問題1選項

A.searchforsuspects’mobilephoneswithoutawarrant

B.checksuspects5phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized

C.preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents

D.prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones

問題2選項

A.tolerance

B.indifference

C.disapproval

D.cautiousness

問題3選項

A.gettingintoone'sresidence

B.handingone’shistoricalrecords

C.scanningone’scorrespondences

D.goingthroughone’swallet

問題4選項

A.principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpressed

B.thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction

C.phonesareusedtostoresensitiveinformation

D.citizens’privacyisnoteffectivelyprotected

問題5選項

A.TheConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly

B.NewtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution

C.California’sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution

D.PrinciplesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtere

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest(美國最高法院現(xiàn)在將會考慮警察在沒有搜查證的情況下是否可以對被逮捕人員手邊的手機內(nèi)容進行搜查)，由此可知B項“在沒有授權的情況下檢查嫌疑犯的手機內(nèi)容”正確。

2.觀點態(tài)度題。第四段指出:TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone—avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation—issimilarto,say,goingthroughasuspect’spurse(他們（即法官們）應該從拋棄加州站不住腳的論點（即例如仔細查閱有著大量數(shù)字信息的智能手機內(nèi)容與仔細檢查嫌疑犯的錢包類似）開始)，由此可推知作者對加州論點是不贊成的，故C項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關鍵詞exploringone’sphonecontent定位至第四段中:Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome(但是仔細查閱一個人的手機更像進入他或她的住宅)。因此A項“進入—個人的住宅”正確。

4.判斷推理題。第五段指出:New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections(顛覆性的新技術有時要求憲法保護的新應用)。...theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.……(現(xiàn)在他們應該解決第四條修正案如何適用于數(shù)字信息)。因此D項“公民的隱私?jīng)]有有效地被保護”正確。

5.判斷推理題。第五段指出:New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections(顛覆性的新技術有時要求憲法保護的新應用),由此可推知B項“新技術要求重新解釋憲法”正確。

11.單選題

ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased（），awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.

問題1選項

A.Circulation

B.reproduction

C.manipulation

D.penetration

【答案】A

【解析】句意：美國報紙的新技術革命帶來了（）、覆蓋面拓寬和新聞工作的增加。A選項circulation發(fā)行量；B選項reproduction復制；生殖；C選項manipulation操縱，控制；D選項penetration滲透，A符合句意。

12.單選題

TheBadlandsNationalParkwasestablishedinSouthDakotatopreservethisweirdlybeautifulregion.

問題1選項

A.truly

B.strangely

C.exceedingly

D.impressively

【答案】B

【解析】句意：荒地國家公園是在南達科塔州建立的，旨在保護這個奇特的美麗地區(qū)。weirdly意為“古怪地，奇特地”。truly真實地；strangely奇妙地，不可思議地；exceedingly非常，極其；impressively令人難忘地。選項B與之意思相近。

13.單選題

Theymakebetteruseofthetimetheyhave,andtheyarelesslikelytoyieldtofatigueinstressfuljobs.

問題1選項

A.tosuccumbtobeingtired

B.tosustainthefatigue

C.toendurethelongstrain

D.toexposethemtotherisks

【答案】A

【解析】本題考查短語搭配。A選項tosuccumbtobeingtired屈服于疲勞；B選項tosustainthefatigue維持疲勞；C選項toendurethelongstrain承受長期壓力；D選項toexposethemtotherisks暴露在風險下。句意：他們很好地利用了現(xiàn)有時間，不會輕易地因充滿壓力的工作弄得疲勞不堪。因此，等同于toyieldtofatigue“屈服疲勞”的選項是A項。

14.單選題

People'sviewonqualityeducation（）fromindividualtoindividual.

問題1選項

A.changes

B.varies

C.alters

D.transforms

【答案】B

【解析】changefrom...to…."由……改變?yōu)椤?;varyfrom...to…."從……到……不同";alterfrom...to..."由……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?;transformfrom...to…"由……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?。句意：人們對素質(zhì)教育的看法因人而異。選項B符合句意。

15.單選題

Theperiodofhistorywhichiscommonlycalled“modern”hasamentaloutlookwhichdiffersfromthatofthemedievalperiodinmanyways.Ofthese,twoare（1）:thediminishingauthorityoftheChurch,andtheincreasingauthorityofscience.（2）,othersareconnected.Thecultureof（3）ismorelaythanclerical.StatesincreasinglyreplacetheChurchasthegovernmentalauthoritythatcontrolsculture.Thegovernmentofnationsis,atfirst,mainly（4）kings;then,asinancientGreece,thekingsaregraduallyreplacedbydemocraciesortyrants.ThepowerofthenationalState,andthefunctionsthatitperforms,（5）throughoutthewholeperiod(apartfromsomeminorfluctuations);butatmosttimestheStatehaslessinfluenceontheopinionsofphilosophersthantheChurch（6）intheMiddleAges.Thefeudalaristocracy,（7）,northoftheAlps,hasbeenable,tillthefifteenthcentury,toholditsownagainstcentralgovernments,losesfirstitspoliticalandthenitseconomicimportance.Itisreplacedbytheking（8）richmerchants;thesetwosharepowerindifferentproportionsindifferentcountries.Thereisatendencyfor（9）tobecomeabsorbedintothearistocracy.FromthetimeoftheAmericanandFrenchRevolutionsonwards,democracy,inthemodernsense,becomesanimportantpoliticalforce.Socialism,（10）democracybasedonprivateproperty,firstacquiresgovernmentalpowerin1917.Thisformofgovernment,however,ifitspreads,mustobviouslybringwithitanewformof（11）:theculturewithwhichweshallbeconcernedisinthemain“l(fā)iberal”,（12）,ofthekindmostnaturallyassociatedwithcommerce.（13）thereareimportantexceptions,especiallyinGermany;FichteandHegel,totaketwoexamples,haveanoutlookwhichistotallyunconnectedwithcommerce.But（14）arenottypicaloftheirage.

Therejectionofecclesiasticalauthority,whichisthenegativecharacteristicofthemodernage,beginsearlierthan（15）characteristic,whichistheacceptanceof（16）.IntheItalianRenaissance,scienceplayedaverysmallpart;theoppositiontotheChurch,inmen’sthoughts,wasconnectedwithantiquity,andlookedstilltothepast,buttoamoredistantpastthan（17）theearlyChurchandtheMiddleAges.Thefirstseriousirruptionof（18）wasthepublicationoftheCopemicantheoryin1543;but（19）didnotbecomeinfluentialuntilitwastakenupandimprovedbyKeplerandGalileointheseventeenthcentury.Thenbeganthelong（20）betweenscienceanddogma,inwhichtraditionalistsfoughtalosingbattleagainstnewknowledge.

問題1選項

A.moreimportant

B.theleastimportant

C.lessimportant

D.themostimportant

問題2選項

A.Withthesetwo

B.Ofthesetwo

C.Amongthese

D.Aboutthese

問題3選項

A.medievalperiod

B.Christiantime

C.moderntimes

D.scientifictime

問題4選項

A.inthehandsof

B.athandof

C.athandsof

D.inthehandof

問題5選項

A.growingsteady

B.growsteadily

C.growssteadily

D.growsteady

問題6選項

A.has

B.had

C.is

D.was

問題7選項

A.that

B.forwhich

C.which

D.what

問題8選項

A.inallegianceto

B.beingallergicto

C.inalliancewith

D.inallianceof

問題9選項

A.theking

B.theChurch

C.theAlps

D.therichmerchants

問題10選項

A.asopposingto

B.inoppositeto

C.asopposedto

D.inoppositionbetween

問題11選項

A.culture