Unit 3 Review Useful Structures 課件 人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

Unit3UNIT3

SEAEXPLORATIONToreviewinfinitivesanddosomeexercises.Findallthesentencescontaininginfinitivesinthereadingpassage.Thenmarktheirfunctions.1Asthesubject(S)主語(yǔ)

2Asthepredicative(P)表語(yǔ)3Astheobject(O)賓語(yǔ)

4Astheobjectcomplement(OC)賓補(bǔ)5Astheattributive(Attr)定語(yǔ)

6Astheadverbial(Ad)狀語(yǔ)SuggestedAnswers:Tocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassionfor...MarcoPolo’stalesinspiredEuropeanexplorerstosearchforsearoutesfromwesttoeast.Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals...Thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereinaleagueoftheirownatthattime.(S)(OC)(Ad)

(Attr)Toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesiretoday.

Theaimofthisinitiativeistoencouragecooperationand...

Tradinghasgrowngreatly...,andwillcontinuetodosoinyearstocome....whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange....therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore.(P)(Attr)(O)(O;Attr)(S)...ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic....thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects....theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.(Attr;Ad)(Attr)(Attr;Attr;OC)動(dòng)詞不定式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)用法一般式todotobedone表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行式tobedoing/表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing/表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作不定式的構(gòu)成與形式不定式是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種，在句中可以作除謂語(yǔ)以外的其他成分，如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。e.g.Tosayisonething;todoisanother.

Hewantstoknowhismother’ssecret.

Mydreamistowriteabookaboutmylife.

Theprofessoraskedherassistanttomakeadetailedplan.

ThebestplacetovisitinMayismyhometown.

Ireturnedhomeonlytofindshehadleft.不定式的用法不定式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：agree,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,intend,learn,plan,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,threaten,wish當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)、謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式放到謂語(yǔ)的后面。

e.g.Itwaswiseofyoutorefusehisinvitation.有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義有所區(qū)別。這類動(dòng)詞有remember,forget,regret,try,mean等。

remember/forget/regrettodo

remember/forget/regretdoing

trytodotrydoingmeantodomeandoinge.g.I’msorrytohavedonethat.Ididn’tmeantobesorude.

Thatdoesn’tmeanreadingittooslowly.記得/忘記/遺憾要做某事記得/忘記/懊悔做過(guò)某事設(shè)法做某事試著做某事打算、意欲做某事意味著……不同意義和用法need/want(想要)todosth.need/want(需要)/require(需要)+doing=need/want(需要)/require(需要)+tobedone

(v.-ing主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義)這三個(gè)詞need,want,require既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義和用法不同。e.g.Theflowerswant/need/requirewateringonceaweek.

Theflowerswant/needtobewateredonceaweek.被only,last,next以及序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。

e.g.Ritawastheonlypersontocomplain.

HewasthefirstmantoflyacrosstheAtlantic.

Tomisthebestmantodothejob.有些名詞后面常接不定式作定語(yǔ)，如ability,chance,desire,decision,effort,intention,need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right,time,way等。e.g.Aftermonthsofunemployment,allheaskedforwasachancetoearnhisbread.不定式作定語(yǔ)不定式作狀語(yǔ)不定式作狀語(yǔ)，常表示目的、原因、結(jié)果等。e.g.Theyweregladtoseetheirsontakengoodcareofinthekindergarten.

Tocatchthebus,Igotupatsixthismorning．Ijumpedwithjoytohearit.不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于“only+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示未曾預(yù)料到的或令人不快的結(jié)果。

e.g.Afriendofminecametosee

metonight.Alanliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,waitfor,callon,dependon跟不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組：e.g.Iwasinterestedinastronomyandheaskedmetogiveapresentationtotheclass.

We’retryingto

persuade

manufacturerstosellthemhere.感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后常接省to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式to不能省略。

e.g.SomeonesawMaryenter

thebuildingaboutthetimethecrimewascommitted.

Marywasseentoenterthebuildingaboutthetimethecrimewascommitted.1.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4______(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.(2020新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)2.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout________(find)thewell-knownpainter.(2020新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III)3.Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy_______(care)forandmakegreatpresents.(2020年新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II)tofindtofindtocareJointhewordstomakesentencesusinginfinitives.Thendecidethefunctionofeachinfinitive.He/encouragedme/participateinthesurfingcompetition2.Thestorm/seems/begettingcloser3.Magellan/wasthefirstperson/sailaroundtheworldHeencouragedmetoparticipateinthesurfingcompetition.(OC)Thestormseemstobegettingcloser.(P)Magellanwasthefirstpersontosailaroundtheworld.(Attr)4.TheUNpeacekeepingforce/aims/maintainpeaceandpreventarmedconflicts5.Thecrowd/stood/applaud/scientists/fortheirimportantoceanresearchworkTheUNpeacekeepingforceaimstomaintainpeaceandpreventarmedconflicts.(O)Thecrowdstoodtoapplaudscientistsfortheirimportantoceanresearchwork.(Ad)v.鼓掌6.Itisagoodidea/tax/plasticbottles/sothatpeopleusethemless7.TheJiaolongmannedsubmersible/issaid/beable/reach7kmunderwater8.Itremains/beseen/whetherornothiscapsule

canworkItisagoodideatotaxplasticbottlessothatpeopleusethemless.(S)TheJiaolongmannedsubmersibleissaidtobeabletoreach7kmunderwater.(O;O)Itremainstobeseenwhetherornothiscapsulecanwork.(O)v.對(duì)……征稅；使納稅n.膠囊；太空艙ReadthebeginningofTheLittleMermaidandusetheproperformsoftheverbsinbracketstofillintheblanks.Faroutintheocean,wherethewaterisasclearasglass,livestheSeaKing.Theoceanistoodeep_____________(measure).Wemayimaginethereisnothingexceptyellowsandunderthesea,butactuallyitisnotrare_________(see)themostuniqueflowersandplants__________(dance)inthefast-movingwater.

tomeasure

tosee

dancingInthedeepestspotofallstandstheSeaKing’scastle,whichhaswallsofcoralandaroof_________(form)ofbeautifulshells.

Themotheroftheking,awisewomanwhoisproud_____________(be)bornintotheroyalfamily,takescareofhissixdaughters.Amongthesixsea-princesses,theyoungestistheprettiest.Althoughshehasdelicateskinlikearose-leafandeyesasblueasthedeepestsea,shehasnofeetbutafishtailjustlikehersisters.

tohave

beenformedThemostcommonwayfortheprincesses________(play)alldaylongis___________________(swim)inthehallsofthecastleoramongtheflowersgrowingoutofthewalls,feedingandtouchingthefish___________(swim)uptotheirhandsthroughthewindows.Theyseem_____________(notworry)aboutanything,exceptfortheyoungest,who

…

toplay

swimming

/toswim

swimming

nottoworrySuggestedanswer:...whowantstoseewhatlifeislikeonland.Sheswimsallthewaytothesurfaceandseesalargeship.Ittravelstowardheratgreatspeedandterrifiesher.Sheswimsbelowthesurfaceofthewaterandjustmanagestoswimawayfromthebigship.Shenowrealisesthatitisascaryworldoutsideoftheocean,andshedecidestostaywithherfamilyandfriendsunderthesea.Whatdoyouthinkhappensnext?根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全下面句子（每空一詞）。1)It’smygreathonor________________________(認(rèn)識(shí)你).2)I’mhungry,getme___________________________(吃的東西),please.3)Thepurposeofnewtechnologyis________________________________(使生活更加容易).4)Thenewsreporterhurriedtotheairport,only

______________________(被告知)thefilmstarhadleft.toknowyousomethingtoeattomakelife