SectionA4課件(新版)人教新目標(biāo)版

SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!九年級(全)SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit1Wordsreview幻燈片上單詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)，同學(xué)應(yīng)迅速讀出該單詞并說出意思，說不出時(shí)，可有5秒鐘的現(xiàn)場求救時(shí)間（向其他同學(xué)），每名同學(xué)接受求救不得超過3次。Wordsreview幻燈片上單詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)，同學(xué)應(yīng)迅速2mooncakelanternstrangerrelativeput

onpoundsteallay

out

laydessertgardenadmirewhoevergoddessfolktraditionmooncakelanternstrangerrelativ3IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.WhatfuntheWaterFestivalis.Iwonderifthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.Howfantasticthedragonboatteamswere!IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.Howprettythedragonboatswere.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.HowdeliciousthefoodisinHongKong!GrammarFocusIknowthattheWaterFestival41.that,if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Objectiveclauseswiththat,ifandwhetherExclamatorystatements2.感嘆句1.that,if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Object5

名詞性從句

nounclause

主語從句subjectclause

賓語從句objectclause

表語從句predicativeclause

同位語從句appositiveclause名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句6試比較：We

know

him．We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是用一個(gè)句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語主s謂v賓o簡單句復(fù)合句1.什么是賓語從句？試比較：Weknowhim．Weknowhe7DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClausesDoyouknowwhoisthefirst8注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略。e.g.1.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語9a.在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)+that從句(真正賓語)的句型中不省略.eg:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.b.由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,第二個(gè)that不省略.that在賓語從句中的省略與保留a.在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)+that從句(真正10eg:Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthat

hewouldcomeontime.c.當(dāng)that作介詞except,in等賓語時(shí)e.g.Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.eg:Hetoldme（that）hewould112.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.2.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Iw121).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句eg:Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcome.注意：如果ornot放在whether所引導(dǎo)的從句句尾，則可以用if來替換。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.eg:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用區(qū)別a.當(dāng)whether后緊跟ornot時(shí),不用if.b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if.1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句注意wheth13HeaskedmewhetherIwantedtogotherebytrainorbybus.他問我是想乘火車還是坐公共汽車去那里。注：whether和or一起還有“不管”之意,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.不管開車來還是乘火車來，他都會準(zhǔn)時(shí)到。c.在強(qiáng)調(diào)任意選擇時(shí),用whether…or,此時(shí)不用if替換whether。HeaskedmewhetherIwantedt14e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.e.g.HeaskedmewhetherI’dmovetoNewYorkifIgotthejob.d.雖引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但為了強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語部分，也可把從句放在句首，此時(shí)只用whether不用if。e.句子中有if引導(dǎo)的條件句，如再有表示“是否”的賓語從句，用whether不用if。e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIam15Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedhelp.如果你需要幫助請告訴我。或：請告訴我你是否需要幫助。對比：Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedhelp.請告訴我你是否需要幫助。Idon’tknowifitwon'traintomorrow.我不知道明天是不是會下雨。f.容易產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)用whether不用if來表示“是否”。g.如果賓語從句為否定句時(shí)，則只用if不用whether。Pleaseletmeknowifyouneed162).引導(dǎo)主語從句置于句首時(shí)，只能用whethere.g.Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifference.3).Whether可以引導(dǎo)表語從句和同位語從句，if不可以4).用在動詞不定式之前時(shí)用whether不用if。Idon’tknowwhethertogothereatonce.我不知道是不是該立刻去那里。2).引導(dǎo)主語從句置于句首時(shí)，只能用whether173.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?2.Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.3.Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?4.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,whic18當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.2.賓語從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句19HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Hesa20thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。thesunismuchbiggerthanth21主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)與原句相對應(yīng)的過去的時(shí)態(tài)客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)根據(jù)句意的22DannysaysthathewilllearnEnglish.

Doyouknowwherehecamefrom?

PleasetellmehowIcangettothebusstation.無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。3.賓語從句的語序Dannysaysthathewilllearn23賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句

if／whether+一般疑問句

特殊疑問詞+特殊疑問句時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句為一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序從句客觀真理時(shí)態(tài)不變從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句if／whether+24學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語序和連詞。時(shí)態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng)：主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句意；主句若為過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)變過去；賓從若是表真理，時(shí)態(tài)不變無質(zhì)疑。語序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問句。That連接陳述句，省與不省要注意。從句若表“是否”時(shí)，if/whether要慎記。特殊問句作賓語，仍用原來疑問詞。三個(gè)問題需牢記，切莫丟東忘了西。賓語從句歌學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語序和連詞。賓語從句歌251.Tomsaid.Heisreadingabook.→2.Heasksme.Aretheyplayingagame?→3.Whereisthehospital?Hetoldme.→4.Whoboughtthepen?Hewondered.→Tomsaidthathewasreadingabook.Heasksmeif/whethertheyareplayingagame.HetoldmeWheretheHospitalwas.

Hewonderedwhoboughtthepen.1.Tomsaid.Heisreadingab26Whocananswerthequestion？Theteacherasked．→Theteacheraskedwhocouldanswerthequestion．

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?Eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Whocananswerthequestion？Th271.Theradiosaysit_______________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_________________(return)italready.willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedExercises1.Theradiosaysit_________285.Hesaidthatthey__________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey____________ateightlastnight.（do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_________fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou_____________abouttherelayracenow.（talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters______from.(be)hadbeenweredoingtravelsaretalkingwere5.Hesaidthatthey_________291.Idon’tknow___________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow__________ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis__________thisbookisworthwriting.whether/ifwhetherwhether用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow___________I’30所謂感嘆句，就是用來表達(dá)喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈情感的句子。近年來，感嘆句的構(gòu)成及轉(zhuǎn)換是中考?？嫉目键c(diǎn)之一。感嘆句一般由“what”和“how”來開頭的句子“what”修飾名詞，“how”修飾形容詞和副詞What和How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句所謂感嘆句，就是用來表達(dá)喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈情感的句子。近年來，感31AbeautifulflowerItisaverybeautifulflower.Whatabeautifulflower

itis!Abeautifulflower32AlovelycatItisalovelycat.Whata

lovelycatitis!AninterestingstorybookItisaninterestingstorybook.Whataninterestingstorybookitis!AlovelycatAninterest33DeliciouscakesTheyaredeliciouscakes.Whatdeliciouscakestheyare!BeautifulflowersTheyareverybeautifulflowers.Whatbeautifulflowers

theyare!DeliciouscakesBeautifulflowe34AprettygirlSheisaveryprettygirl.Whataprettygirlsheis!Simpleconclusion:What+a/an+adj.+n.+itis/sheis/heis…AprettygirlSheisaverypre35ExcitingpeopleThepeopleareexciting.Howexcitingthepeopleare!Simpleconclusion:How+adj.+the+n.+is/are!ExcitingpeopleHowexcitingt36What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句"what"意為"多么"用作定語，修飾名詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分），名詞前可有其它定語成份（即：形容詞或冠詞）。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要加不定冠詞a/an,復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句"what"意為"多么"用作定語，修飾37一般有三種形式，此時(shí)what為形容詞，作定語，用來修飾它后面的名詞或詞組。1.what+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！

What

aninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！

What

agoodgirlsheis!她是個(gè)多么好的一個(gè)女孩??！一般有三種形式，此時(shí)what為形容詞，作定382.what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！Whatbadweatherisit?多么糟糕的天氣！3.what+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語+謂語!Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花啊！Whatgoodstudentstheyare!他們是多么好的學(xué)生??！2.what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！39“how”意為“多么”，用作狀語，修飾形容詞或副詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分）。如果修飾形容詞，則句中的謂語動詞用系動詞；如果how修飾副詞，則句中的謂語動詞用行為動詞。How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句“how”意為“多么”，用作狀語，修飾形容詞或副詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部40有三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。此時(shí)how是副詞，用來修飾其后的形容詞或副詞，也可以修飾動詞。1、How+形容詞+主語+謂語！例如：Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀！Howhotitistoday!今天多么熱呀！有三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。此時(shí)how是副詞，用來修412、How+副詞+主語+謂語！例如：Howhappytheylook!他們顯得多么高興呀！Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快呀！3、How+主語+謂語（陳述句）！例如：Howheloveshisson!他是多么的愛他的兒子！Howtimeflies!光陰似箭！2、How+副詞+主語+謂語！例如：42表示同一意義時(shí)，感嘆既可用“what”引導(dǎo)，也可用"how"引導(dǎo)①Whatahotdayitis!

Howhotthedayis!多么熱的天氣呀！②Whattallbuildingstheyare!

Howtallthebuildingsare!多么高的樓房呀！表示同一意義時(shí)，感嘆既可用“what”引導(dǎo)，也可用"how43③Whatbadweatheritis!

Howbadtheweatheris!多么糟糕的天氣呀！④Whatbrightsunshineitis!

Howbrightthesunshineis!多么明亮的陽光呀！③Whatbadweatheritis!44表示激動強(qiáng)烈的感情時(shí)，口語中常省略其后面的主語和謂語①Whatafineday（itis）!多么晴朗的天呀?、赪hatanhonestboy!多么誠實(shí)的孩子呀?、踂hatredapples（theyare)!多么紅的蘋果呀！表示激動強(qiáng)烈的感情時(shí)，口語中常省略其后面的主語和謂語①Wh45④Howcool!好涼快呀?、軭owwonderful!精彩極了！口語中常用:

Whatapity!真遺憾！Whatashame!真遺憾!真可恥！④Howcool!好46what修飾名詞What+名詞+陳述語序What+a+形容詞+名詞+陳述語序What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+陳述語序What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+陳述語序how修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞:How+形容詞+a+名詞+陳述語序How+形容詞或副詞+陳述語序HowVSWhatwhat修飾名詞how修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞:HowVS47

Howtallthemanis!

Whatatallman(heis)!Howtallthemanis!48A.Howlovelythesepandasare!B.Whatlovelypandas(theyare)！Wow,whatabigpumpkin!Howbigthispumpkinis!A.HowlovelytheseWow,what491.think/LanternFestival/beautiful

IthinkthattheLanternFestivalisbeautiful.2.don’tknow/whether/he/comehome/forthefestival__________________________________________________________________________3.believe/WaterFestival/most/fun________________________________________4aWritesentencesusingthewordsgiven.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomehomeforthefestival.IbelievethattheWaterFestivalisthemostfun.1.think/LanternFestival/beau504.wonder/if/mooncakes/delicious______________________________________5.how/exciting/races______________________________________6.what/interesting/city_______________________________________Jennywondersifthemooncakesaredelicious.Howexcitingtheracesare!Whataninterestingcity(itis)!4.wonder/if/mooncakes/delicio514bReadthepassagebelowandunderlinetheobjectiveclauses.IfpossiblewriteyourownsentencesaboutMother’sDayandFather’sDayusingobjectiveclauses.DearXiaYu,DoyouknowthattherearetwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica?OneisMother’sDayonthesecondSundayofMayandtheotherisFather’sDayonthethirdSundayofJune.Onthesetwodays,Americanchildrenoftengivegiftstotheirparentsortakethemout4bReadthepassagebelowand52forlunchordinner.Commongiftsareflowersandcardsformothersandshirtsortiesforfathers.IheardthatitisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartocelebrateMother’sDayandFather’sDayinChina.

Iwonderifchildrenovertherealsogivesimilargiftstotheirparents.Ibelievethattherearemanywaystoshowourlove.Actually,wedon’thavetospendalotofmoney.Itisalsoagoodideatohelpparentstodosomethinginstead.

Juneforlunchordinner.Commongi53Objectiveclause:1.DoyouknowthattherearetwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica?2.IheardthatitisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartocelebrateMother’sDayandFather’sDayinChina.3.Iwonderifchildrenovertherealsogivesimilargiftstotheirparents.4.Ibelievethattherearemanywaystoshowourlove.Objectiveclause:54Actually,wedon’thaveto

spendalotofmoney.事實(shí)上，我們不必花很多錢。haveto意為“必須；不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)由于客觀因素主語不得不做某事，有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其后跟動詞原形。?Becausehehadnomoney,hehadtodropoutofschool.因?yàn)闆]有錢，他不得不輟學(xué)。LanguagePointsActually,wedon’thavetosp55haveto與musthaveto:“必須；不得不”，表示客觀需要，

有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化。

don’thaveto表示“不必”must :“必須;一定”表示說話人主觀上的看法，must只有一種形式。

mustn’t表示“禁止”?Youdon’thavetotellhimaboutit.你不必把這件事告訴他。?Youmustn'ttellhimaboutit.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。haveto與must56(2)spend動詞，意為“用，花”，常用句型為spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間/錢做某事。spend后接動詞的-ing。?Ispenttwohour(in)readingthenovel.我花了兩小時(shí)讀這篇小說。?Ispent100yuanbuyingthesweater.我花了100元買這件毛衣。(2)spend動詞，意為“用，花”，常用句型為574cWhichfestivaldoyoulikebest?Askyourgroupandreporttotheclass.e.g.Inourgroup,David’sfavoritefestivalis...Hethinksthat…4cWhichfestivaldoyoulike58Inourgroup,David’sfavoritefestivalisHalloween.HethinksthatonthatdaychildrenwillwearspecialcostumeswithmasktotakepartinHalloweenparty.Andplay“trickortreat”.Sample:Inourgroup,David’sfavorite59典型例題1）___foodyou'vecooked!A.Howanice

B.Whatanice

C.Hownice

D.Whatnice2）___terribleweatherwe'vebeenhavingthesedays!

A.What

B.Whata

C.How

D.Howa3)______foodyou'vecooked!A.Howanice

B.Whatanice

C.Hownice

D.WhatniceDADExercises典型例題DADExercises604.______beautifuldayitis!Let'sgoandhaveapicnicinthepark.A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata5._______wonderfulnewsreporthewrote!A.WhataB.WhatC.WhichD.Weather6.—Withthehelpofdoctors,theboycanseeagain.—_______heis!A.WhatlucklyB.WhataluckC.HowluckD.HowaluckDBC4.______beautifuldayitis!L61What與How大轉(zhuǎn)換1.Whataprettygirlsheis!______________thegirlis!2.Howdifficultthequestionsare!_________________________theyare.3.Howbigthefactoryis!______________bigfactory_________!HowprettyWhatdifficultquestions

WhataitisWhat與How大轉(zhuǎn)換1.Whatapretty624.Whatacleverboy!______________theboy_______!5.Howtallthetreesare!_______talltrees____________!6.Whatinterestingbookstheyare!_______________thebooks________!7.Howfunnythegirlis!_______________funnygirl_________!HowcleverareWhata

theyareHowinterestingWhat

sheisis4.Whatacleverboy!Howc638.Howoldthemanis!_____________oldman___________!9.Whatnicebookstheyare!___________thebooks________!10.Howamazingthebuildingis!__________amazingbuilding________!WhatanheisHowniceareWhatanitis8.Howoldthemanis!What64將下列句子改為感嘆句Thegirlisverypretty.Howprettythegirlis!Whataprettygirlsheis!2.Thisisanoldwatch.Howoldthiswatchis!Whatanoldwatchit(this)is!將下列句子改為感嘆句653.Thefoodissonice.Hownicethefoodis!Whatnicefooditis!4.Thesequestionsareveryeasy.Howeasythesequestionsare!Whateasyquestionstheseare!5.Shehaslonghair.Howlongherhairis!Whatlonghairshehas!3.Thefoodissonice.66根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。1.Hesays___________________________________.(他說他爸爸三天后回來)2.Ourteacherasks________________________________.(昨天誰打碎了玻璃)3.Pleasetellme_________________________.(他們正在談?wù)撌裁?

thathisfatherwillbeback

inthreedays

whobrokethe

windowyesterdaywhattheyaretalkingabout根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。1.Hesays_________671.Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2.SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3.Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

wasisFindoutthemistakesandcorrect.1.Couldyoutellmewheredo68HomeworkPracticemoreexercisetomasterthegrammarlearntinthispart.HomeworkPracticemoreexercis69ThankYou!ThankYou!70演講完畢，謝謝觀看！演講完畢，謝謝觀看！71SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!九年級(全)SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit72Wordsreview幻燈片上單詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)，同學(xué)應(yīng)迅速讀出該單詞并說出意思，說不出時(shí)，可有5秒鐘的現(xiàn)場求救時(shí)間（向其他同學(xué)），每名同學(xué)接受求救不得超過3次。Wordsreview幻燈片上單詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)，同學(xué)應(yīng)迅速73mooncakelanternstrangerrelativeput

onpoundsteallay

out

laydessertgardenadmirewhoevergoddessfolktraditionmooncakelanternstrangerrelativ74IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.WhatfuntheWaterFestivalis.Iwonderifthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.Howfantasticthedragonboatteamswere!IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.Howprettythedragonboatswere.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.HowdeliciousthefoodisinHongKong!GrammarFocusIknowthattheWaterFestival751.that,if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Objectiveclauseswiththat,ifandwhetherExclamatorystatements2.感嘆句1.that,if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Object76

名詞性從句

nounclause

主語從句subjectclause

賓語從句objectclause

表語從句predicativeclause

同位語從句appositiveclause名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句77試比較：We

know

him．We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是用一個(gè)句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語主s謂v賓o簡單句復(fù)合句1.什么是賓語從句？試比較：Weknowhim．Weknowhe78DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClausesDoyouknowwhoisthefirst79注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略。e.g.1.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語80a.在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)+that從句(真正賓語)的句型中不省略.eg:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.b.由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,第二個(gè)that不省略.that在賓語從句中的省略與保留a.在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)+that從句(真正81eg:Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthat

hewouldcomeontime.c.當(dāng)that作介詞except,in等賓語時(shí)e.g.Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.eg:Hetoldme（that）hewould822.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.2.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Iw831).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句eg:Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcome.注意：如果ornot放在whether所引導(dǎo)的從句句尾，則可以用if來替換。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.eg:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用區(qū)別a.當(dāng)whether后緊跟ornot時(shí),不用if.b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if.1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句注意wheth84HeaskedmewhetherIwantedtogotherebytrainorbybus.他問我是想乘火車還是坐公共汽車去那里。注：whether和or一起還有“不管”之意,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.不管開車來還是乘火車來，他都會準(zhǔn)時(shí)到。c.在強(qiáng)調(diào)任意選擇時(shí),用whether…or,此時(shí)不用if替換whether。HeaskedmewhetherIwantedt85e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.e.g.HeaskedmewhetherI’dmovetoNewYorkifIgotthejob.d.雖引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但為了強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語部分，也可把從句放在句首，此時(shí)只用whether不用if。e.句子中有if引導(dǎo)的條件句，如再有表示“是否”的賓語從句，用whether不用if。e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIam86Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedhelp.如果你需要幫助請告訴我?；颍赫埜嬖V我你是否需要幫助。對比：Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedhelp.請告訴我你是否需要幫助。Idon’tknowifitwon'traintomorrow.我不知道明天是不是會下雨。f.容易產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)用whether不用if來表示“是否”。g.如果賓語從句為否定句時(shí)，則只用if不用whether。Pleaseletmeknowifyouneed872).引導(dǎo)主語從句置于句首時(shí)，只能用whethere.g.Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifference.3).Whether可以引導(dǎo)表語從句和同位語從句，if不可以4).用在動詞不定式之前時(shí)用whether不用if。Idon’tknowwhethertogothereatonce.我不知道是不是該立刻去那里。2).引導(dǎo)主語從句置于句首時(shí)，只能用whether883.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?2.Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.3.Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?4.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,whic89當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.2.賓語從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句90HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Hesa91thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。thesunismuchbiggerthanth92主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)與原句相對應(yīng)的過去的時(shí)態(tài)客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)根據(jù)句意的93DannysaysthathewilllearnEnglish.

Doyouknowwherehecamefrom?

PleasetellmehowIcangettothebusstation.無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。3.賓語從句的語序Dannysaysthathewilllearn94賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句

if／whether+一般疑問句

特殊疑問詞+特殊疑問句時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句為一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序從句客觀真理時(shí)態(tài)不變從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句if／whether+95學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語序和連詞。時(shí)態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng)：主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句意；主句若為過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)變過去；賓從若是表真理，時(shí)態(tài)不變無質(zhì)疑。語序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問句。That連接陳述句，省與不省要注意。從句若表“是否”時(shí)，if/whether要慎記。特殊問句作賓語，仍用原來疑問詞。三個(gè)問題需牢記，切莫丟東忘了西。賓語從句歌學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語序和連詞。賓語從句歌961.Tomsaid.Heisreadingabook.→2.Heasksme.Aretheyplayingagame?→3.Whereisthehospital?Hetoldme.→4.Whoboughtthepen?Hewondered.→Tomsaidthathewasreadingabook.Heasksmeif/whethertheyareplayingagame.HetoldmeWheretheHospitalwas.

Hewonderedwhoboughtthepen.1.Tomsaid.Heisreadingab97Whocananswerthequestion？Theteacherasked．→Theteacheraskedwhocouldanswerthequestion．

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?Eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Whocananswerthequestion？Th981.Theradiosaysit_______________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_________________(return)italready.willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedExercises1.Theradiosaysit_________995.Hesaidthatthey__________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey____________ateightlastnight.（do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_________fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou_____________abouttherelayracenow.（talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters______from.(be)hadbeenweredoingtravelsaretalkingwere5.Hesaidthatthey_________1001.Idon’tknow___________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow__________ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis__________thisbookisworthwriting.whether/ifwhetherwhether用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow___________I’101所謂感嘆句，就是用來表達(dá)喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈情感的句子。近年來，感嘆句的構(gòu)成及轉(zhuǎn)換是中考?？嫉目键c(diǎn)之一。感嘆句一般由“what”和“how”來開頭的句子“what”修飾名詞，“how”修飾形容詞和副詞What和How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句所謂感嘆句，就是用來表達(dá)喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈情感的句子。近年來，感102AbeautifulflowerItisaverybeautifulflower.Whatabeautifulflower

itis!Abeautifulflower103AlovelycatItisalovelycat.Whata

lovelycatitis!AninterestingstorybookItisaninterestingstorybook.Whataninterestingstorybookitis!AlovelycatAninterest104DeliciouscakesTheyaredeliciouscakes.Whatdeliciouscakestheyare!BeautifulflowersTheyareverybeautifulflowers.Whatbeautifulflowers

theyare!DeliciouscakesBeautifulflowe105AprettygirlSheisaveryprettygirl.Whataprettygirlsheis!Simpleconclusion:What+a/an+adj.+n.+itis/sheis/heis…AprettygirlSheisaverypre106ExcitingpeopleThepeopleareexciting.Howexcitingthepeopleare!Simpleconclusion:How+adj.+the+n.+is/are!ExcitingpeopleHowexcitingt107What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句"what"意為"多么"用作定語，修飾名詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分），名詞前可有其它定語成份（即：形容詞或冠詞）。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要加不定冠詞a/an,復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句"what"意為"多么"用作定語，修飾108一般有三種形式，此時(shí)what為形容詞，作定語，用來修飾它后面的名詞或詞組。1.what+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！

What

aninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！

What

agoodgirlsheis!她是個(gè)多么好的一個(gè)女孩啊！一般有三種形式，此時(shí)what為形容詞，作定1092.what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！Whatbadweatherisit?多么糟糕的天氣！3.what+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語+謂語!Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花??！Whatgoodstudentstheyare!他們是多么好的學(xué)生啊！2.what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！110“how”意為“多么”，用作狀語，修飾形容詞或副詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分）。如果修飾形容詞，則句中的謂語動詞用系動詞；如果how修飾副詞，則句中的謂語動詞用行為動詞。How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句“how”意為“多么”，用作狀語，修飾形容詞或副詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部111有三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。此時(shí)how是副詞，用來修飾其后的形容詞或副詞，也可以修飾動詞。1、How+形容詞+主語+謂語！例如：Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀！Howhotitistoday!今天多么熱呀！有三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。此時(shí)how是副詞，用來修1122、How+副詞+主語+謂語！例如：Howhappytheylook!他們顯得多么高興呀！Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快呀！3、How+主語+謂語（陳述句）！例如：Howheloveshisson!他是多么的愛他的兒子！Howtimeflies!光陰似箭！2、How+副詞+主語+謂語！例如：113表示同一意義時(shí)，感嘆既可用“what”引導(dǎo)，也可用"how"引導(dǎo)①Whatahotdayitis!

Howhotthedayis!多么熱的天氣呀?、赪hattal