應(yīng)用翻譯之新聞翻譯-Journalism-translation

JournalismTranslationJournalismTranslationSignificanceofJournalismTranslation新聞翻譯的意義CharacteristicsofJournalism新聞文體的特點TranslationtechniquesofJournalism新聞翻譯技巧TranslationPractice翻譯練習(xí)contents01020304第一章節(jié)Part1SignificanceFakenewsfromthewest（12.13：NationalMemorialDayfortheVictimsoftheNanjingMassacre）第二章節(jié)Part2CharacteristicsCharacteristicsofJournalismTypesCharacteristicsofJournalismTypes：CharacteristicsofJournalismTypes報紙新聞手機(jī)新聞電視新聞圖片新聞簡訊硬新聞軟新聞CharacteristicsofJournalismDiscussion:Whatarethecharacteristicsofnewsreport?WhatarethesimilaritiesanddiversitiesbetweenChineseandEnglishNews?WhatisthefunctionofJournalism?結(jié)構(gòu)StructureCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Headline標(biāo)題2.Lead導(dǎo)語3.Body正文吸引讀者注意新聞主要內(nèi)容的濃縮新聞的主要部分一般特征GeneralCharateristicsCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Informative:real&accurate&objective2.Timeliness3.Varietyintheme4.Politicalstance語言特征標(biāo)題HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Omission省略冠詞、連詞and、be、系動詞tobe、personalpronoun（人稱代詞）CharacteristicsofJournalism1.Omission省略World‘sheaviestcaptivepandacubborn全球最重的大熊貓寶寶誕生（省略the和was）Chinatohelpstabilizeglobalsupplychain專家：下半年中國將助力穩(wěn)定全球供應(yīng)鏈（省略is）PlantgrowthinChina’sspacelabingoodcondition中國空間站問天艙實驗進(jìn)展順利植物生長狀態(tài)良好（省略is）Analyze：標(biāo)題HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism2.Tense時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(simplepresenttense)、一般將來時(futuretense)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(presentprogressive)標(biāo)題HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism2.Tense時態(tài)Hainantobansalesoffuelcarsby2030海南2030年起全面禁售燃油汽車(將來時，省略is）Europefacingworstdroughtin500years歐盟機(jī)構(gòu)：歐洲面臨500年來最嚴(yán)重干旱（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，省略is）Mukbangmakesyoufatter研究：看吃播可能讓人越來越胖（一般現(xiàn)在時，敘述事實）標(biāo)題HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism3.Voice語態(tài)歡度國慶NationalDaycelebrated（NationalDayis/was

celebrated)歷史不能忘記Historynotforgotten(Historycannotbeforgotten)Diseasesexacerbatedbyclimatechange上百種人類傳染病因氣候變化而惡化(Diseasesare

exacerbatedbyclimatechange)標(biāo)題HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism4.Punctuation標(biāo)點存貸款額在港回升Deposits,loansrisinginHK希望的一代——中國青年Chinayouth—apromisinggeneration白令海峽沒有浮冰塊流動Beringice：Nofloeflows中國貿(mào)促會：歐洲跨國公司持續(xù)看好中國市場NationavitalmarketforEurope'scompanies標(biāo)題HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism5.HeadlinesinChinesenews時隔44年人類通過“嫦娥五號”再次帶回月球樣本實現(xiàn)首次商業(yè)載人航天飛行冰淇淋市場“冷”中有“熱”爐灶煤氣未關(guān)

三人中毒身亡太酷了吧！“DNA偵探”是做什么的？Discoveringourancestors5000年的河南，如何讓傳統(tǒng)文化火起來？HenangiveshistorymoderntwistDNA動了！中國空間站的水稻長勢喜人Spacestationricetestsshowpromise標(biāo)題Headline詞匯DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Concise&Accurate簡明扼要

準(zhǔn)確清晰Nowordiness&clichébrutalmurder—murderwalkhurriedly—hurriedlyfinaloutcome—outcomevisibletotheeye—visibletotallydestroyed—destroyedmoreperfect—perfectHethanksstockholdersforhavingassisteduswiththeirhelp.Wemustarriveatthestationontimeandbepunctual.詞匯DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Concise&Accurate簡明扼要

準(zhǔn)確清晰PopularLanguageabout-approximatelyshow-demonstratefear-apprehension詞匯DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Concise&Accurate簡明扼要

準(zhǔn)確清晰Accuracysympathy-condolence慰問extendssympathytoextenddeepcondolenceson慰問演出charityconcert/benefitperformance/charityperformanceCharacteristicsofJournalism2.Metonymy形象生動詞匯DictionAndnoneoftheso-calledevidenceWashingtonandOttawa

cobbledtogetherhaseverheldanywater.在美國和加拿大拼湊的所謂證據(jù)中，沒有一個是站得住腳的。中國將向南太平洋發(fā)射試驗火箭PekingtofiretestrockettoSouthPacifictheWhiteHouse-美國政府thePentagon-美國國防部詞匯DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism3.NewWords新詞Metaverse雙碳雙減雪糕刺客竄訪元宇宙carbonpeakingandcarbonneutralityDoublereductionicecreamassassins/ambushnastyvisit/junketDictionCharacteristicsofJournalism3.NewWords新詞擺爛薅羊毛搶購割韭菜Taikonautletitrotgetthebestdealsnapupbepickedlikeleeksbeplayedforsuckers中國航天員DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism4.Abbreviation縮略語USgovttostoppayingforCOVID-19shots,treatments美國政府計劃停止支付新冠疫苗和治療費用ChinaadvancingDEPAnegotiations我國全面推進(jìn)加入《數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》談判2022CIFTISopenstopublicinBeijing2022年中國國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易交易會全球服務(wù)貿(mào)易峰會在京舉行兩學(xué)一做TwoStudies,OneAction兩個一百年TheTwoCentenaryGoalsCharacteristicsofJournalism1.簡單句&冗余信息句子SentenceCharacteristicsofJournalism2.直接間接引語句子SentenceCharacteristicsofJournalism1.瞬時敘述法Chronologicalaccount2.金字塔敘述法Pyramid3.倒金字塔敘述法Invertedpyramid結(jié)構(gòu)Structure第三章節(jié)Part3TechniquesTranslationTechniquesHeadline準(zhǔn)確理解標(biāo)題領(lǐng)悟妙處適當(dāng)照顧譯文特點增強(qiáng)可讀性釋譯靈活處理差異修辭再現(xiàn)直譯/意譯重視讀者接受能力原則翻譯方法標(biāo)題HeadlineTranslationtechniquesofJournalism1.Literaltranslation直譯/Freetranslation意譯直譯:Literaltranslation,ordirectedtranslation,istherenderingoftextfromonelanguagetoanother"word-for-word"withorwithoutconveyingthesenseoftheoriginal.既保持原文內(nèi)容、又保持原文形式的翻譯方法或翻譯文字。意譯：Afreetranslationisatranslationthatreproducesthegeneralmeaningoftheoriginaltext.

Itmayormaynotcloselyfollowtheformororganizationoftheoriginal.按它表達(dá)的意思來自由翻譯，不必按字面逐字逐句翻譯。標(biāo)題HeadlineTranslationtechniquesofJournalism1.Literaltranslation直譯/Freetranslation意譯Chongqingwildfiresbroughtundercontrol重慶山林火災(zāi)得到控制AItosaveiconicspecies人工智能技術(shù)幫助拯救瀕危動物America'sCareeningForeignPolicy搖擺不定的美國對外政策標(biāo)題HeadlineTranslationtechniquesofJournalism1.Literaltranslation直譯/Freetranslation意譯LookingBackToLookAhead回首往昔展望未來OlympicsBeginInStyle;SwimmerTakes1stGold奧運會隆重開幕泳將奪首枚金牌BillClintonAssumesOfficeInWhiteHouseAsUsPresident.比爾·克林頓入主白宮，就任美國總統(tǒng)（克林頓入主白宮新總統(tǒng)始掌大權(quán)）標(biāo)題Headline2.Annotation添加注釋劉宓慶先生《文體與翻譯》∶“即使是明白、易懂的新聞標(biāo)題，我們在漢譯時也常需加上邏輯主語，或電訊中有關(guān)的人的國籍、事件發(fā)生的地點等等，總之必須增補(bǔ)介紹性、注釋性詞語以利中國讀者的理解，避免讀者產(chǎn)生誤會?！癚incallsfordeepChina-UStiesinagriculturetechnology秦（剛）呼吁深化中美農(nóng)業(yè)科技交流ForBeslan'sChildren,aLegacyofNightmares俄羅斯：劫后相逢，別城孩童仍似惡夢中TranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline3.Reproductionoffiguresofspeech再現(xiàn)原文修辭AftertheBoomsEverythingIsGloom繁榮不再蕭條即來SoccerKicksoffwithViolence足球開踢拳打腳踢NoFans?"NoFret!"賽場沒人氣“咱可沒生氣”TranslationtechniquesofJournalism

在翻譯時應(yīng)盡可能地體現(xiàn)原文修辭特點，如雙關(guān)、比喻、押韻等，使譯文和原文在修辭上基本吻合，從而讓譯文讀者得到與原文讀者近乎一樣的感受。標(biāo)題Headline4.靈活處理中英差異older,wiser,calmer

人愈老，智愈高，心愈平JapaneseDashtoUStoSay“IDo”

日本情侶蜂擁美利堅

牧師面前誓言“我愿意”

英語標(biāo)題寓意于某種修辭手段，而這種修辭手段在語言轉(zhuǎn)換中如與漢語難以契合，則不妨意譯，即舍棄原來的英語標(biāo)題，按內(nèi)容概括出合適的譯文標(biāo)題，切忌生搬硬套，譯成晦澀難懂的句子。同時適當(dāng)照顧漢語新聞標(biāo)題的特點，多用動詞、尾韻、對仗等修辭手段。TranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline押韻：DesperateNeed

DesperateDeed

燃眉之急非常行動典故：1990:YearOfMarcoPoloChic

1990年：中國熱的一年夸張：AVowToZipHisLips

誓將守口如瓶雙關(guān)：‘Silent’OfficeWorkersDemandToBeHeard

“不聞不問”的辦公室員工今后將不再不聞不問了比喻：RussianReform：OldWineInNewBottle

俄羅斯改革：新瓶裝陳酒TranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline5.漢語標(biāo)題英譯教育改變未來生活Educationbringsbettertomorrow廣交會閉幕

交易興旺Guangzhoufaircloses,tradeblooms（1）完整句子TranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline5.漢語標(biāo)題英譯她們飛上了藍(lán)天Womenpilots(動→靜）建設(shè)新北京BuildingnewBeijing（動名詞短語）根據(jù)英語新聞的標(biāo)題特點，在英譯時省略適當(dāng)?shù)奶撛~和冗余信息。（2）各種詞組短語TranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline1.USUrgedtoAbidebyOne-ChinePolicy

2.Britain'sQueenElizabethIIdiesat963.WangtoattendQueenfuneral4.J.P.MorganAxesOver10,000inReshuffle（J.P.Morgan：J.P.摩根，世界著名金融公司axe：削減；reshuffle：重組）5.Researchersfindearliestsynthesizedcosmetics（synthesized：合成的）Practice：translatethefollowingheadlinesintoChineseTranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline1.USUrgedtoAbidebyOne-ChinePolicy中國敦促美國遵守“一個中國”原則2.Britain'sQueenElizabethIIdiesat96英國女王伊麗莎白二世去世享年96歲

3.WangtoattendQueenfuneral王（岐山）將參加英女王伊麗莎白二世葬禮4.J.P.MorganAxesOver10,000inReshuffle摩根大通重組削減員工逾萬5.Researchersfindearliestsynthesizedcosmetics我國發(fā)現(xiàn)世界上最早鉛白化妝品Keys：TranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline1.中國流行趨勢：年輕人拒絕競爭，擁抱“躺平”2.加強(qiáng)科學(xué)管理3.網(wǎng)戀為什么流行？研究：看不見對方，更容易產(chǎn)生好感4.老有所養(yǎng)

老有所為Practice：translatethefollowingheadlinesintoEnglishTranslationtechniquesofJournalism標(biāo)題Headline1.中國流行趨勢：年輕人拒絕競爭，擁抱“躺平”TrendinginChina:YoungChineseRejectRatRace,Embrace‘LyingFlat’2.加強(qiáng)科學(xué)管理Improvingsciencemanagement3.網(wǎng)戀為什么流行？研究：看不見對方，更容易產(chǎn)生好感Whyit‘sreallypossibletofallinloveonline4.老有所養(yǎng)

老有所為Elderlygettingbetter,notolderKeys:TranslationtechniquesofJournalismTranslationTechniquesNewwords根據(jù)詞性和上下文判斷詞義查詞典或?qū)I(yè)參考書求證原則翻譯方法意譯音譯直譯音義混譯一詞多義詞匯Diction1.Literaltranslation直譯E-Cmadcowdisease→瘋牛病Internetbar→網(wǎng)吧informationtechnology（IT)→信息技術(shù)geneticengineering→基因工程genetherapy→基因療法C-E可再生能源→renewableenergy二氧化碳排放→carbondioxideemissions全球氣候治理體系→globalclimategovernancesystem雪糕刺客→icecreamassassinTranslationtechniquesofJournalism詞匯Diction2.Freetranslation意譯E-C人肉搜索→cybermanhunt白富美→fair-skinnedandattractiveladiesfromadecentfamilyE-Cdebtceiling→債務(wù)上限IronLady→“鐵娘子“/女強(qiáng)人TranslationtechniquesofJournalism詞匯Diction2.Freetranslation意譯直譯加注：atomicveteran

原子退伍兵（指受到核武器或核試驗輻射的退伍兵greencard

綠卡（允許外國人進(jìn)入美國工作的許可證）BigApple

大蘋果（紐約的別稱）TranslationtechniquesofJournalism詞匯Diction3.音譯TransliterationE-Cclone→克隆hacker→黑客talkshow→脫口秀Atranscriptionfromonealphabettoanother.根據(jù)讀音進(jìn)行翻譯。C-E功夫

→kungfu太極→tai-ji/taichiTranslationtechniquesofJournalism詞匯Diction4.音義結(jié)合ElNino厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象Bunsen本生燈（一種煤氣燈）BigBen大本鐘

對于完全音譯不能清楚地表達(dá)原詞意義的新詞，有時采用以音譯為主兼顧意義的方法來進(jìn)行翻譯。TranslationtechniquesofJournalism詞匯Diction5.一詞多譯E-mail：

電子函件/伊妹兒/電子郵件cellularphone：

蜂窩電話/移動電話/手提電話/手機(jī)TranslationtechniquesofJournalism詞匯DictionPractice：TranslatethefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish/Chinese.thedynamicislandTheBuckinghamPalacesky-highinflationgreenhousegasemissionsmidtermelectionTranslationtechniquesofJournalism風(fēng)清氣正的網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間出艙活動“米袋子”、“菜籃子”內(nèi)卷社死詞匯DictionKeys：thedynamicisland靈動島TheBuckinghamPalace白金漢宮sky-highinflation嚴(yán)重的通貨膨脹greenhousegasemissions溫室氣體排放midtermelection中期選舉TranslationtechniquesofJournalism風(fēng)清氣正的網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間

acleananduprightcyberspace出艙活動extravehicularactivities(EVAs)“米袋子”、“菜籃子”ricebag;vegetablebasket(haveasecurefoodsupply)內(nèi)卷involution/peerpressure/ratrace社死onosecond/socialsuicide導(dǎo)語Lead固定表述新華社北京1月1日電，今天《人民日報》發(fā)表了新年祝詞，全文如下：Beijing,January1,(Xinhua)—ThefollowingisthefulltextofThePeople’sDaily’sNewYearMessaeg:記者從……發(fā)來報道說……Ourstaffreportedfrom...一位可靠人士areliablesourceTranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表達(dá)

Unemploymenthasstubbornlyrefusedtocontractformorethanadecade.

失業(yè)人數(shù)居高不下，已持續(xù)十多個年頭。CompanieswithabigstaffinBeijingfindthemselvessqueezedbetweenhighoperatingcostsandshrinkingbusiness.

在北京，員工隊伍龐大的公司出現(xiàn)了運行成本高、業(yè)務(wù)量不斷萎縮的局面，舉步維艱。英文長句

→中文短句

TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表達(dá)

Theresearchfindthatyoungwomenareheadingforanearlygravethroughsmokingandlackofexercise.這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，青年婦女由于抽煙和缺少運動，將大大縮

短自己的壽命。ProfessorWangwasquotedassayingthathispropasalhaddiedabureaucraticdeath.據(jù)王教授說，由于一些部門的官僚主義，結(jié)果這份建議提上去后便石沉大海。意譯(E-C)

TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表達(dá)

社論指出，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要講政治。Cadresshouldbepoliticallyminded/aware.復(fù)旦大學(xué)學(xué)生會要求全校學(xué)生在餐廳內(nèi)文明用餐。TheStudents’UnionofFudanUniversitycalledonallthestudentstodineinthecanteeninlinewiththerulesandregulations.

意譯(C-E)TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表達(dá)

TheheavycasualtiesfromheavyrainandstrongwindslashingthesouthcoastEnglandandWalesyesterdayincludefiveshoolgirlsand12men.昨天狂風(fēng)暴雨肆虐英格蘭南部沿海和威爾士地區(qū)，造成重大人員傷亡，其中包括五名女學(xué)生和十二名男子。AmixofarroganceandcontinuedfearofIraqiintentionscoloursKuwaitireactionstono-flyzones.一方面，科威特人傲慢自負(fù)；另一方面，他們始終對伊拉克的種種企圖感到擔(dān)憂。這種矛盾心態(tài)左右著科威特人對設(shè)置禁飛區(qū)問題的態(tài)度。變詞為句TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表達(dá)

Whendivorcedfathersdonothavecustodyoftheirchildrenandhavelittletimetospendwiththem,disciplineisoftenthelastthingtheywanttothinkabout.離婚后又對孩子無監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán)的父親們，難得有時間與自己的孩子相處，管教孩子是他們最不愿意去想的事。Clearorcloudyskiesmaycontinueforthenextweekinthecity.本市下周將保持晴間多云的天氣。地道表達(dá)TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文BodyPractice:1.China'snationalobservatoryonSundaycontinuedtoissueayellowalertforhightemperaturesasanintenseheatwavelingersinmanyregionsofthecountry.TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文BodyKeys:1.China'snationalobservatoryonSundaycontinuedtoissueayellowalertforhightemperaturesasanintenseheatwavelingersinmanyregionsofthecountry.我國多地高溫?zé)崂怂僚?，中央氣象臺繼續(xù)發(fā)布高溫黃色預(yù)警。TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body2.簡化2008年7月26日的貴陽花溪迎賓館內(nèi)花團(tuán)錦簇，彩旗飄揚，群賢畢至，滿園生輝，來自東盟十國教育界代表與國內(nèi)相關(guān)人士相聚一起，就高等教育領(lǐng)域合作事宜進(jìn)行廣泛交流。當(dāng)日下午4時，在一派喜慶熱烈氛圍中，首屆“中國——東盟教育交流周”開幕式隆重舉行。中共中央政治局委員、國務(wù)委員劉延?xùn)|發(fā)來賀信。ThefirstChina-ASEANEducationCooperationWeekopenedonJuly26,2008inGuiyang.RepresentativesfromChinaandthetenASEANcountriesexcha