形容詞副詞用法總結(jié)

1、.形容詞和副詞一 形容詞的基本用法：形容詞是用來(lái)描寫(xiě)或修飾名詞或代詞的一類詞，在句中用作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。1. 作定語(yǔ)，就是放在名詞前面的成分。 This is a new house. John is a clever boy.2. 作表語(yǔ)，就是放在系動(dòng)詞后面的成分。 The boy is very clever. He is very strong.3. 作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，就是放在句子最后，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的成分。 The room is found empty.（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） The news made her happy.（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）4. 作其它成分，如狀語(yǔ)， 5.當(dāng)幾個(gè)形容詞共同修飾同一名詞

2、時(shí)，它們的先后順序是：限定詞數(shù)詞描述性形容詞大小、長(zhǎng)短、形狀的形容詞色彩形容詞類屬形容詞表材料形容詞+被修飾的名詞；或只記住限定詞像a, the, my, their等詞在最前邊，其它詞根據(jù)它們與被修飾名詞關(guān)系的遠(yuǎn)近進(jìn)行安排。6. 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，單個(gè)副詞修飾形容詞時(shí)，副詞放在形容詞前；但enough修飾形容詞時(shí)要放在形容詞之后。 good enough，tall enough7. 形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)放在前邊，但修飾復(fù)合不定代詞(something，someone，somebody；anything，anyone，anybody；nothing，no one，nobody)時(shí)，則放在這些詞之后 som

3、ething important，anything possible。二 副詞的基本用法：副詞是用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的詞，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度、疑問(wèn)等概念。1. 作狀語(yǔ)： The students watch him quietly. （修飾動(dòng)詞）2. 作表語(yǔ)： Time is up. Lets go. （表示狀態(tài)）3. 作定語(yǔ)： Life there is very dull. （一般后置）4. 修飾形容詞或副詞，表示程度： His invention is very useful. （修飾形容詞） Henry sings quite well.（修飾副詞）5. 副詞作狀

4、語(yǔ)時(shí)，位置很靈活： He walks slowly.（動(dòng)詞后） I often swim in summer.（動(dòng)詞前） Maybe you are right.（句首） Thats all right.（形容詞前） Tom speaks too quickly.（副詞前）6. 副詞表示頻度，修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)位于系動(dòng)詞be和助動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞do之前，還可置于句首或句末。例如： He usually goes to school early. I am always with you. 7. 有些副詞的形式與形容詞相同，如high，fast等： Put the book back on the sh

5、elf.(副詞) It is our back door.(形容詞)8. 有許多副詞是形容詞加上后綴ly 構(gòu)成的，如carefully，happily等，但如果是名詞加ly， 構(gòu)成的則是形容詞，如friendly，lovely等。9.兼有兩種形式的副詞。如： close與closely：close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔細(xì)地” 。a. He is sitting close to me. b. Watch him closely. late 與lately：late意思是“晚”；lately 意思是“最近”。a. You have come too late. b. What

6、 have you been doing lately? deep與deeply：deep意思是“深”，表示空間深度；deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”。a. He pushed the stick deep into the mud. b. Father was deeply moved by the film. high與highly：high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于much。a. The plane was flying high. b. I think highly of you. wide與widely: wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是“廣泛地、

7、在許多地方”。 a. He opened the door wideb. English is widely used in the world. free與freely：free的意思是“免費(fèi)”；freely 的意思是“無(wú)限制地”。a. You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. b. You may speak freely; say what you like. 三 形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)變化形式規(guī)則如下構(gòu) 成 法原級(jí)比 較 級(jí)最 高 級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加er和eststrongstrongerst

8、rongest單音節(jié)詞如果以e結(jié)尾，只加r和ststrangestrangerstrangest閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，須先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加er和estsadbighotsadderbiggerhottersaddestbiggesthottest雙音節(jié)單詞詞尾是輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y變成i，再加er和estangryeasyhappyangriereasierhappierangriesteasiesthappiest其它雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞都在前面加單詞more和mostcarefuldifferentmore carefulmore differentmost caref

9、ulmost different四 形容詞比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)的特殊形式：1. 部分雙音節(jié)單詞（除輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，以er結(jié)尾，以ow結(jié)尾，以le結(jié)尾）以及其它的多音節(jié)的形容詞只能加more和most。 只能說(shuō) more beautiful而不能說(shuō)beautifuller； 只能說(shuō)the most beautiful而不能說(shuō)beautifullest。 但是，有前綴un的三音節(jié)形容詞不適合上述情況，如unhappy，untidy，我們可以說(shuō)：unhappierunhappiest，untidieruntidiest。2. 由ing分詞和ed分詞演變過(guò)來(lái)的形容詞(包括不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞如knowknown)只

10、能加more或most來(lái)表示它們的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)more(most) striking，more(most) interesting，more(most) wounded，more(most)worn等。3. 英語(yǔ)里有些形容詞由于其詞義而不可能有比較級(jí)形式woodenwholemainperfect possible 木質(zhì)的整個(gè)的主要的完美的 可能的五 不規(guī)則形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式good /well better bestbad /ill worse worstmany/muchmore mostlittle less leastfarfarther farthest furtherfu

11、rthest (抽象意義) 六 副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的形式副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化形式與形容詞基本上一樣。一般 副詞hard harder hardestfast faster fastestlate later latestearly earlier earliest特殊 副詞well better bestmuch more mostbadly worse worstlittle less least 但是后綴-ly結(jié)尾的副詞不能像形容詞那樣加-er或-est，如：quickly more quickly most quickly quietly more quietly most quie

12、tly 注early中的-ly不是后綴，故可以把y變i再加er和est。 七 形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的特殊用法 1和more有關(guān)的詞組 ：1) the morethe more越就越。例如： The harder you work，the greater progress youll make. 越努力，進(jìn)步越大。The more I work, the more I accomplish. 我干得越多，完成的就越多。2) no more than 與一樣。例如： The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官員們看到的和皇帝一樣多。3） m

13、ore than超過(guò)，不只是。例如： There are more than two thousand people in the hall. 4）more and more 越來(lái)越It rained more and more heavily. 雨下得越來(lái)越大了。 She went farther and farther away. 她越走越遠(yuǎn)了。5）had better 最好：Wed better not disturb him. 我們最好不要打擾他。What had we better do? 我們最好怎么辦？2和less有關(guān)的詞組 1) less than 不到 不太： It was

14、ready in less than a week. 2) no less than 多達(dá) 不少于 No less than 2 million people came. 至少來(lái)了2百萬(wàn)人。 3) more or less 基本上 大體上 大約 The work is more or less finished. 這項(xiàng)工作基本上完成了。.3. 形容詞最高級(jí)可用作表語(yǔ)，這時(shí)定冠詞the 可以省略。 例句：I think her plan is best. 我認(rèn)為她的計(jì)劃最好。4.形容詞最高級(jí)還可和at 構(gòu)成許多短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，如 at best, at least, at most等。八 形容詞和副

15、詞的等級(jí) 英語(yǔ)里形容詞與副詞有三個(gè)比較等級(jí)，即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。其用法是： 1） 沒(méi)有比較時(shí)用原級(jí)，同級(jí)比較時(shí)用“as + 原級(jí) + as”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：He does not smoke so heavily as his brother. 2） 表示二者的比較時(shí)用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)前可用many, much, far, a little, a bit, slightly, a great / good deal, a lot 等詞語(yǔ)修飾。如：Im much busier today than I was yesterday. 3） 表示“最”時(shí)用最高級(jí)，常用于“the + 最高級(jí) 比較范圍”結(jié)

16、構(gòu)。如：This is the best picture in the hall. 九 最高級(jí)的特殊句型： 1 “one of the + 最高級(jí) + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”表示“最之一”。如：China is one of the largest countries in the world. 2. “the + 序數(shù)詞 + 最高級(jí) + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“第幾”。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river of China. 3 當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格修飾時(shí)，其前不加the；若兩個(gè)最高級(jí)并列使用，后一個(gè)最高級(jí)前也可以不加the。如：

17、He is our best friend. Liu Fang is the youngest and shortest girl in our class. 4 比較級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)換為最高級(jí)的常見(jiàn)句型： a. 比較級(jí) + than + any other + 單數(shù)名詞。如：Zhang Lei is taller than any other student in his class. Zhang Lei is the tallest student in his class. b. 比較級(jí) + than + the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：Mike is younger than the oth

18、er boys in his class. Mike is the youngest boy in his class. c 比較級(jí) + than + anyone else。如：Mr Smith is fatter than anyone else in his office. Mr Smith is the fattest in his office.練習(xí)選擇填空：1.Peter looked _ when he learned that he hadnt passed the final exam.A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happy2.Jack did

19、 badly at the school sports meeting. I did even _. A, worse B, worst C, more bad D, more badly3.Billy, is your mother cooking meat in the kitchen? It smells so _!A, well B, badly C, nice D, pretty4.The car stopped so _ that the bus behind almost ran into it.A, closely B, immediately C, suddenly D, s

20、oon5.We must finish cleaning the office _.A, as soon as possible B, as quickly as soon C, as possible as soon D, as soon as possibly6.What she said this time sounds _.A, pleasantly B, nicely C, friendly D, truly7.I didnt work _ my brother when I was young.A, as hard as B, harder C, hardest D, hardly

21、8.Im going to move _. Its too noisy in our neighbourhood.A, somewhere quiet B, quiet somewhere C, anywhere D, quiet anywhere9.Last year, 15 typhoons (臺(tái)風(fēng)) hit China and Khanun was _.A, strong B, strongest C, stronger D, the strongest10.Its a good habit to keep the classroom _ all the time.A, cleanly

22、B, clearly C, clear D, clean11.When class was over, our maths teacher came into the classroom and said, “Please stay at your seat. I have got _ to announce.”A, nothing important B, important something C, important nothing D, something important12.In the exam, the _ you are, the _ mistakes youll make

23、.A, less careful, fewer B, more careful, less C, less careful, few D, more careful, fewer13.What is _ joke you have ever heard?A, more funny B, the more funny C, the most funny D, the funniest14.This kind of material feels _ silk.A, differently from B, the same to C, different as D, different from15

24、.A recent survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were _ among the five Olympic mascots (吉祥物).A, popular B, more popular C, most popular D, the most popular16.A: Is there _ in todays newspaper? B: Yes. Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.A, nothing new B, anything new C, new nothin

25、g D, new anything17.Visitors in the orchard can eat as _ fruit as they want.A, many B, more C, much D, most18.All of us were very _ when we heard the _ news.A, excited, exciting B, excited, excited C, exciting, exciting D, exciting, excited19.Eddie, my best frind _ Ben.A, is as high as B, works as c

26、areful as C, doesnt sing as beautifully as D, writes more better than20.Tom never does his homework _ Alice. So he makes more mistakes. A, as carefully as B, so careful as C, less carefully than D, more careful than21.Water pollution is one of _ in our country.A, serious problem B, the more serious

27、problemsC, most serious problems D, the most serious problems22.The pizza was too small, so she decided to look for _ to eat.A, large something B, something else C, something other D, other something23.We are too tired and hungry. So our steps are getting _.A, slow and slower B, slower and slowest C, slower and slower D, more and more slowly24.Most children in our kindergarten like to pl