碩士英語綜合教程2-課后答案

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上碩士英語綜合教程2 課后習(xí)題答案Unit 1 Human-based Strategy1. Reading Comprehensiona. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) A(5) Bb. Fill in the blanks with the information youve learned in the text.(1) they value cultural diversity; they

2、are family friendly; they invest in employee training; they empower their employees(2) their employees; Howard Schultz(3) cultural and technical aspects; coffee knowledge, product expertise, customer service and interpersonal skills(4) full health and dental coverage, vacation, and participation in

3、the companywide stock plan called Bean Stock(5) selfmanaged work teams; crossfunctional teams2. Vocabularya. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) astute(2) ignite(3) enthusiasm(4) turnover(5) transaction(6) interact with(7) come into conta

4、ct with(8) empower(9) superior(10) drop outb. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.(1) B(2) D(3) A(4) C(5) B(6) A(7) D(8) B(9)C(10) A3. ClozeChoose an appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each word can be used only ON

5、CE. Change the form where necessary.(1) motivated(2) selecting(3) retain(4) relied(5) differentiated(6) recruited(7) adaptability(8) prospective(9) require(10) efficiently(11) comprehensive(12) challenge(13) survived(14) rate(15) tripled(16) generous(17) financial(18) reveal(19) premium(20) morale4.

6、 Translationa. Chinese to English1) Translate the following sentences into English.(1) The fascination generated by exploration will inspire our young people to study math, science and engineering, and create a new generation of innovators and pioneers.(2) Upon returning to England, he employed the

7、favorable media attention as a launching pad for his foray into politics.(3) Owning to the nature of every growing business, you will need to be on the go constantly, and also be on the go prepared to work shift work, including nights and weekends.(4) In Australia, gasoline prices have retreated, al

8、though falls have been limited because of the weakness of the Australian dollar against its American counterpart.(5) The Asian economy has presented a positive trend. Some countries have overcome the impact of the financial crisis and revived development. Asia has once again become the spotlight of

9、global economic growth.(6) Chinas accession to the WTO can promote not only the development of Chinese economy, but also that of the world economy and will inject new impetus into the progress of Asian economy and world economy.(7) The growing quantity of information, couple with the development of

10、technologies, erable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.(8) The future is something which everyone reaches at the rate of sixty minutes an hour, whatever he does, whoever he is.2) Translate the following paragraph into

11、 English.Its actually pretty natural, and almost unavoidable, for managers to form expectations of their workers. Research has found that in an organization, our expectations of others can be tied directly to productivity, profitability, and yesmotivation! If you have high expectations of your emplo

12、yees, you will possess a powerful and effective tool for improving performance and motivation within your organization.Performance is often a matter of expectations. Managers and supervisors form expectations of others, which then influence how they interact with those people. If you dont expect muc

13、h from your employees, they will sense that and perform poorly. Why? Because your expectations of them affect their desire to do well. The point is that people naturally try to live up to our expectations of them, or live down to them, whatever the case may be. So expect the best from your employees

14、 and dont be surprised if thats exactly what you get!b. English to Chinese1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.哪些做法才能區(qū)分以人為本的公司呢？我們至少可以列出四條：第一，它們重視文化的多樣性。他們根據(jù)年齡、性別和種族積極尋求一支多元化的員工隊(duì)伍。第二，它們具有家庭氛圍。公司通過為其員工提供靈活的工作時(shí)間以及現(xiàn)場托兒服務(wù)設(shè)施等幫助員工平衡工作和個(gè)人職責(zé)之間的關(guān)系。第三，它們對員工培訓(xùn)進(jìn)行投資。這些公司花費(fèi)巨資以確保員工的技能水平始終保持最新狀態(tài)。這不僅確保員

15、工可以處理該公司的最新技術(shù)和工藝，而且還使這樣的員工極具市場競爭力。第四，以人為本的公司將權(quán)力下放給員工。它們將權(quán)力和義務(wù)下放到公司的最底層。2) Read the passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(1) 首先,如果你把他們安排在那些既能夠體現(xiàn)他們自身價(jià)值同時(shí)又對公司發(fā)展有利的崗位上,他們將會更加愿意展現(xiàn)出自己最棒的一面。(2) 如果你想激勵(lì)員工讓他們盡最大努力完成自己的工作,如果你想讓他們成為公司最有價(jià)值的資產(chǎn),那就讓他們有公司的主人的感覺吧。(3) 你作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該知道員工積極性與其工

16、作表現(xiàn)之間有直接的聯(lián)系。事實(shí)上,這種聯(lián)系取決于你公司的文化以及公司文化灌輸給員工的熱情。(4) 員工能提出越多關(guān)于自己工作的想法,也越有可能接受你的看法。(5) 只有當(dāng)員工像老板進(jìn)行投資那樣決定投入自己的能力和精力的時(shí)候,他們才是真的“認(rèn)同”,因此請給員工參與制定績效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的機(jī)會。Text B Designing Cities for PeopleKey to the Exercisesa. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.(1) end up wi

17、th(2) overwhelming(3) espouse(4) unprecedented(5) be identical to(6) revive(7) deprived of(8) deemed(9) rely on(10) biasb. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.(1) the ratio of parks to parking lots(2) 150 million people; 2.8 billion people; more than half of us are living i

18、n cities(3) what could be done for who did not own cars(4) they are the only places where people meet as equals(5) an alternative transportation system; inexpensive and commuterfriendly(6) “biophilia hypothesis”; deprived of contact with nature; a measurable decline in wellbeing(7) budget allocation

19、s for transportation; heavily biased toward; highways and streets; shifting resources from roads and highways; urban transit and bicycle support facilities(8) concentrate fiscal resources; the small fraction of their people who own cars(9) functional and affordable; making them attractive, even cult

20、ural centers(10) redesign communities; the centerpiece of urban transport; pedestrian and bicycle friendlyc. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.(1) F(2) T(3) F(4) F(5) T(6) F(7) T(8) F(9) F(10) FUnit 2Higher Education1. Reading comprehensiona. Choose the sentence tha

21、t best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.(1) B(2) A(3) C(4) A(5) B b. Fill in the blanks with the information youve learned in the text.(1) graduate students spend much longer time getting a degree; its hard for them to look for a tenuretrack teaching job at a college or universit

22、y(2) a president of the Council of Graduate Schools; the system of financing in America(3) that graduate programs have added more strict requirements; that expectations for what a degree holder is supposed to have accomplished have radically increased(4) improve the quality of education; increase th

23、e demand for more tenured faculty members over time(5) graduate schools socialize students into believing they cant leave academe or shouldnt2. Vocabularya. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) recipient(2) apprenticeships(3) dissertation(

24、4) tenure(5) adjunct(6) mentor(7) perpetuate(8) unattainable(9) taint(10) shrunkb. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) C(5) C(6) B(7) D(8) A(9) B(10) A3. ClozeChoose an appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the following

25、 blanks. Each word can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.(1) limited(2) program(3) in(4) receiving(5) found(6) but(7) between(8) closed(9) While(10) practice(11) grind(12) often(13) among(14) which(15) opportunities(16) enrollment(17) who(18) turn(19) other(20) like 4. Translationa.

26、 Chinese to English1) Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Rising oil prices are typically negative for corporate profits since they boost expenses and eat into consumers discretionary income.(2) And it follows from this, Hobbes believes, that the sovereign has the right to decide what

27、 opinions, what books, what ideas are conducive to peace and which ones aim simply to stir up war and discontent?(3) Researchers in Germany say that a cancerfighting substance found in hops could be enhanced to brew a special anticancer beer.(4) A fabled bird, identified with the kingfisher, was sup

28、posed to have the power to calm the wind and the waves while it nested on the sea during the winter solstice.(5) Bicyclists often ride as though twowheeled vehicles are exempt from all traffic laws. (6)The instructor should not rebuke the girl student for her small mistake in front of all classmates

29、. Given that she is inexperienced, she has done a good job. (7) From a broader perspective, higher attrition rate would affect the development of the industry as a whole. So the necessity is to shorten the apprenticeship. (8) I have to level with you because I dont want any misunderstanding between

30、us, so how can you justify spending so much money?2) Translate the following paragraph into English.The errorthe heresyis to think that the entire purpose of education is to get you a better job: that the entire function of an individual life is to make as much money as possible. No one said to me,

31、read Finnegans Wake and youll make a bloody fortune; thats the whole point of reading the damn thing. Its a terrible shame, and I feel horribly sad for the people who must go through it all, carrying the burden of economic expectation rather then the spirit of exploration and adventure. We were all

32、too busy trying to suss out the meaning of life to be sidetracked by such sideissues as careers, until the time came to meet reality head on. That hasnt stopped a number of old university friends from being conspicuously successful. Therefore, the purpose of education is supposed to make you rich, n

33、ot wealthy.b. English to Chinese1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.比如,英語文學(xué)專業(yè)一年級和二年級博士生可能不會面對像他們的醫(yī)學(xué)和法律學(xué)院的同伴那樣令人頭疼的課程負(fù)擔(dān)或者以不正當(dāng)手段進(jìn)行的競爭,但是以后有更持久而艱苦的工作等待著他們。博士生不僅被要求掌握一系列廣泛的知識,而且要在本研究領(lǐng)域撰寫一本幾乎像書一樣厚的學(xué)位論文,依據(jù)學(xué)科的不同,有的可能最終被擱置一旁,就像埃普索瀉鹽的商標(biāo)被貼在藥箱的后面一樣泰然自若。這些學(xué)生必須通過拼湊各種補(bǔ)助金和工錢來獲得他們的生活費(fèi)用,這些工錢是他們幫助教授本科生的

34、課程所賺取的,但也占用了他們的研究時(shí)間。三年級的醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生因?yàn)樵卺t(yī)院的輪流值班而累得兩眼模糊,但干這種工作至少是在為取得學(xué)位而努力。2) Read the passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(1) 如今, 越來越多的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)開設(shè)的專業(yè)課程, 看上去就像通向誘人工作的捷徑: 你可以研究體育或是新聞學(xué), 或是電視, 或是流行音樂, 甚至?xí)r尚, 上帝啊。(2) 今天的“可持續(xù)性教育”則并不僅限于在本地進(jìn)行,還拓展到了全世界它是一個(gè)由各種合作性項(xiàng)目組成的網(wǎng)絡(luò),這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)超越政治界限,讓兒童和成

35、年人都參與進(jìn)來,使人們的需求與環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)。(3) 美國教育的崛起在很大程度上指的是公共教育的興盛而過去30年里,有一種觀點(diǎn)始終在美國的政治舞臺上唱主角,那就是政府的所有開支都是在浪費(fèi)納稅人的錢。(4) 最近我對于教育的目的進(jìn)行了相當(dāng)多的思考,因?yàn)檫@周五我的母校布里斯托爾大學(xué)將授予我“名譽(yù)文學(xué)博士”學(xué)位, 對此, 我的朋友們, 特別是在大學(xué)期間就認(rèn)識我的朋友們感到既驚訝, 又好笑。(5) 即便沒有當(dāng)前這場經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的影響,單就美國難以把那些經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)的學(xué)生留在學(xué)校而言, 人們也完全有理由預(yù)見,美國在這類排名中會進(jìn)一步下滑。Text B Britains Universities: Funding E

36、xcellencea. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.(1) launch(2) chip in(3) jostling(4) rival(5) inaugurated (6) levy(7) endowed(8) boasts(9) amount to(10) derivedb. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.(1) at least $2.5 bil

37、lion (2) fund raising (3) institutions across the European Union(4) six times more private investment(5) modest; roughly $6,000 per student (6) finding former students; the increase (7) overseas research universities; top 50 universities(8) professions outside academia(9) a company; a corporate boar

38、d c. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.(1) F(2) F(3) F(4) T(5) F(6) F(7) F(8) T(9) F(10) F Unit 3Cyberspace Network1. Reading Comprehensiona. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.(1) A(2) C(3) B(4) C(5) Ab. Fill in the b

39、lanks with the information youve learned in the text.(1) infrastructure, including air traffic, financial markets and even basic email;incompetent, indecisive and confused(2) if the worlds most innovative technology company can not protect its computers from degital aggressions, we can not expect to

40、 be protected by the government(3) they have responsibility to povide some hard evidence to support their claims(4) spamming, scamming and identity fraud, which are the inevitable casts of democratizing access to multipurpose technologies(5) not a question of national security but a question of basi

41、c government incompetence2. Vocabularya. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) derail(2) hype(3) spamming(4) nascent(5) simulate (6) parlance(7) weaponry(8) unplug(9) hostage(10) civilians b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in mea

42、ning to the underlined one.(1) D(2) B(3) A(4) C(5) C(6) B(7) A(8) C(9) D(10) A3. ClozeChoose an appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each word can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.(1) attack(2) disruption(3) described(4) assaults(5) trac

43、ed(6) authorized(7) identified(8) sophistication(9) rogue(10) intrusion(11) demonstrate(12) issue(13) ultimate(14) eventual(15) launch(16) offensive(17) analysis(18) security(19) investigation(20) shined4. Translationa. Chinese to English1) Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Gaining

44、real knowledge requires taking risks and keeping the mind openbut most people prefer to be reassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything. (2) The soldiers were so courageous that they sworn to wipe out any enemy that dare to invade into their country.(3) Theyre

45、 so lacking in confidence in the attraction of broadcasting the games on TV that they feel they have to hype up with some hysterical commentator in order to get anyone to watch them.(4) Whats worse, there are those who would unleash malicious network attacks designed to exploit these hidden vulnerab

46、ilities to uncover the prized data within. (5) The change of the governments interference strategies on housing ushered in a period of stable house prices.(6) This shows true leadership, sustained vision, and solid commitment. They were applauded for sticking with it for so many years with great sub

47、tlety.(7) How to single out the most succinct way to finish the work still remains a problem.(8) But Defense Secretary Gates said the United States has put a lot on the table in terms of missile defense proposals and it is time for the Russians to reciprocate. 2) Translate the following paragraph in

48、to English.According to some media reports recently, the cyberattacks to Google and many American companies seemed to have originated in China. The Chairman of Chinese Internet Association refutes that it was an irresponsible prejudice to allege on that cyber attacks originated in China without thor

49、ough investigation,and was therefore absolutely arbitrary. With the rapid development on internet in the globe, it was difficult to determine the origin because of the ease of hiding identities online. The hacker may hide identities, log on the computer of a foreign country and commit cyberattacks t

50、o the computers in the third one.However, Chinas information network, as well as many other countries, also faces severe threat of cyber attacks. Chinese government has always attached great importance to the security of the computer network and strengthened international cooperation to crack down o

51、n crossborder cyber crimes, as well as enhanced its crackdown through consultation and collaboration with the International Criminal Police Organization. Therefore, it is wholly nonsense to allege on that cyberattacks originated in China judging merely from computer IP address of China.b. English to

52、 Chinese1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.為什么這些在軍事領(lǐng)域里被認(rèn)為是“計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊”的策略沒有被更廣泛地運(yùn)用？盡管互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來了巨大的變化,但它并沒有使悠久的戰(zhàn)爭規(guī)律變得過時(shí)或毫不相關(guān)。比如,按照軍事慣例要求在攻擊時(shí)區(qū)分平民和軍事目標(biāo)。在既相互分離又相互連接的網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間里,這個(gè)要求并不容易滿足: 在網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊敵人的手機(jī)塔時(shí),也會影響到平民目標(biāo)。在2008年美軍決定解散一個(gè)沙特阿拉伯的網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇。這個(gè)由CIA創(chuàng)立的論壇本來是用來收集情報(bào)的,但是卻越來越被圣戰(zhàn)分子用來計(jì)劃對伊拉克的攻擊。這次解散不經(jīng)意間造成了在沙特阿拉伯、德國

53、、德克薩斯州的300多臺服務(wù)器的中斷。網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊當(dāng)然不具備外科手術(shù)的精確性,且對平民的傷害很難避免。軍事指揮官們不想因戰(zhàn)爭罪受到審判，即使這些犯罪是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行的。2) Read the passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(1) 根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能的民意調(diào)查顯示,46%的受訪者將因特網(wǎng)描述為朋友,43%的人則把它看成是敵人,還有11%的人心里不清楚。(2) 網(wǎng)絡(luò)能通過減少填寫和更新應(yīng)聘者資料的時(shí)間和成本來提高招聘效率,提升評估的有效性,以此來增強(qiáng)搜索公司提供給客戶的建議的價(jià)值。(3)

54、 設(shè)想他們電腦的桌面上有一個(gè)圖標(biāo),能夠讓他們提醒你一些任務(wù),并且可以用鼠標(biāo)將具體細(xì)節(jié)發(fā)送給你,這對客戶來說將會是多么方便的事??！(4) 也就是說,一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)良好的網(wǎng)絡(luò)招聘程序能用網(wǎng)絡(luò)來處理數(shù)據(jù),每日不知疲倦地工作并且能跨越地理障礙,因此用人單位可以辨識候選人之間的細(xì)微差別,評估他們的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并且抓住機(jī)會推銷他們。(5) 這些新聘用的人員很快就被送到高價(jià)的培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目中去學(xué)習(xí)在線獲取應(yīng)聘者資料的技術(shù)遠(yuǎn)端網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)挖掘工具然后馬上就能投入到工作之中去。Text B Worldwide Musha. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given bel

55、ow. Change the form where necessary.(1) aggregate(2) tyrannically(3) surgical(4) algorithms(5) benevolentness(6) impede(7) cede(8) appalling(9) fallacy(10) lucrativeb. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.(1) instead of sitting;making those contributions unpaid(2) develop un

56、ique approaches; a global mush(3) the big venturecapital firms; a single collective operation(4) dollop of online recognition; less cerebral work(5) benefit from intellectual property; information can roam around(6) acctually make a living; a peasant every day(7) go away; become much less wellpaid (

57、8) less inclined to; not thought of(9) of extending the experience; an attempt(10) as individuals; they and their childrenc. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.(1) F(2) T(3) F(4) T(5) T(6) T(7) F(8) F(9) T(10) TUnit 4Love and Marriage1. Reading Comprehensiona. Choose

58、 the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.(1) A(2) B(3) C(4) C(5) Ab. Fill in the blanks with the information youve learned in the text.(1) those traditionally unique advantages of marriage, such as raising children and enhancing ones status and financial situation(2) th