FT8燃氣輪機的事故分析和處理

1、FT-8燃機事故分析及處理培訓中心燃機培訓課件授課老師-柳志民FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 事故概念 直接威脅機組安全運行或使設備發(fā)生損壞的各種異常狀態(tài)FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 事故處理原則如果發(fā)現(xiàn)機組在運行時有異常，應根據(jù)相應的設備反映出來的現(xiàn)象及參數(shù)進行綜合分析，予以判斷，迅速確定事故原因，必要時立即緊急停運機組，防止事故蔓延和擴大在事故處理中，必須首先消除危及人身安全及設備的危險因素，充分評估事故可能對人身安全和設備危害的后果，及時、果斷地進行處理在處理事故中牢固樹立保護設備的觀念。果斷地按規(guī)程規(guī)定進行處理事故發(fā)生后，各崗位人員要服從值班長的統(tǒng)一指揮當設備故障原因無法得到判斷時，按最

2、嚴重的后果評估予以處理事故處理后，對事故進行詳細記錄和總結FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 事故處理一般要求保證輔助滑油泵或事故滑油泵投入工作，壓力正常，如因機組軸系故障引發(fā)的跳機事故，轉速到零后，未對旋轉部件進行檢查之前不允許帶轉燃機。事故停機過程中應著重監(jiān)視排氣溫度，滑油回油溫度，輪間溫度，以及各軸承振動和機組本體有無摩擦聲。事故停機后應保證控制系統(tǒng)的直流電源供給。保證冷卻系統(tǒng)繼續(xù)工作，壓力正常。FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理保證各加熱器在自動位，燃機進口導葉在關閉位，燃燒室確已熄火。若機組因火災保護跳機，在CO2釋放期間嚴禁運行人員進入模塊室內(nèi)，并應保持模塊室門關閉，通風扇在停止狀態(tài)。機組保護

3、遮斷停機后，再次開機之前必需確認是否為誤動作，如為誤動作，應采限相應措施，處理誤動作故障。緊急停機時，應先確認報警，消除音響，將報警信號保存在計算機中，未查明原因未排除故障時，不能復歸報警，不能重新啟動機組。FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 手動緊急停運依據(jù)機組發(fā)生故障,自動緊停保護拒動；機組運行中任一軸承斷油、冒煙；機組內(nèi)轉動部件有明顯的金屬撞擊聲,機組振動突然明顯的增大;機組發(fā)生喘振;滑油系統(tǒng)大量泄油；燃油管路爆管大量泄燃油；發(fā)電機勵磁機冒煙；發(fā)電機出線電纜頭、開關或避雷器爆炸；發(fā)電機電壓互感器或電流互感器冒煙；燃油系統(tǒng)起火,不能及時撲滅;發(fā)“切換站燃油壓力低”報警，控制室伴有強烈振動感，有功

4、負荷大幅擺動，且這三種現(xiàn)象同時出現(xiàn)時；發(fā)生的故障可能嚴重危及人身設備安全的情況。 FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 PB Dot and Flameout ProtectionFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 What Is Pbdot and Flameout?Indication the Engine Has Lost Proper CombustionCan Occur in All or Only Some of Burner CansPbdot Triggered by Burner Pressure Rate of Change 0.025 Below Idle and 0.034 Abo

5、ve IdleFuel Mod Valve Open Too Much for Given Engine Air Flow (Speed)Why Have Pbdot and Flameout?SafetyUnburned Fuel Present If No CombustionFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 What Action Should be Taken after Pbdot or Flameout?Review High Speed Data LoggerAutomatically Saved After TripReview TrendsTrend Cut Rate (1cut

6、/sec) May Be Too SlowContact Your Customer Service ManagerInclude Data Logger File (or Time, Date and Unit Of Trip)How to Retrieve Data Logger and View ItFiles Stored At F:inetpubftprootDatalogs.View in Control AssistantWoodward Data Analysis ProgramFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 Interpreting Pbdot a

7、nd Flameout EventsToo Much WaterWater Flow MeterWater PressureToo Much AirBleeds Failed Closed at Low PowerToo Little FuelFuel Flow MeterMod Valve Demand and FeedbackFuel PressureIndividual EGT TrendsIdentify Which Burner Cans FlameoutWhat Happens First?Determine What Is Cause and What Is ReactionFT

8、8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 Pbdot and Flameout Lessons LearnedInsufficient Gas PressureSOV1404 LeakGas Fuel Exits To DrainBleeds Closed At Low PowerSB06M02 Offers Bleed Duct Temps to Help TroubleshootWater Injection SystemFuel Mod Valve Communication CollisionsBeing Worked by Woodward New approach i

9、nstalled at newer sitesFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 TROUBLESHOOTING LOW GG/PT LUBE OIL SUPPLY PRESSURES AND/OR HIGH GG/PT SCAVENGE PRESSURESFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理PT612 (GG Lube Oil Supply Pressure/ Inlet Pressure for Hydraulic Pump)Normal Operating Range 40 50 PSIGLow Alarm 38 PSIG, Trip 35 PSIG (NH8200)3-Point Curve Bel

10、ow Synch. Idle (Trip)5 PSIG 2550 NH, 22.5 PSIG 6800 NH, 35 PSIG 8200 NHFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理Low PT612:Bad Main Oil Pump (MOP), Leaking MOP O-rings, Misadjusted PDCV602, Collapsed Supply Hose, BV619 Not Fully Open,LeaksVP601 Adjusted for More Vacuum ( -5”Hg) During Windmilling Can Cause PT612 to go Below 1.

11、5 PSIG Windmilling Alarm.Erratic PT612:Gearbox PRV Not Defeated (Adjusted Fully Clockwise), Bad PDCV602FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 PT625 (GG Lube Oil Scavenge Pressure)Normal Operating Range 20 25 PSIGAlarm 40 PSIG, Driveback 75 PSIG, “Bypass Imminent” (F607) Alarm 90 PSIGAffected by Downstream Re

12、strictions (F607, CV601, AC601, Hoses) or Leaking MOP O-ring Between Pressure and Scavenge Elements.Inhibited Scavenging Could Result in Flooded Bearing Compartments and Carbon Seal LeaksFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 PT616 (PT Lube Oil Supply Pressure)Normal Operating Range 60 70 PSIGAlarm 45 (Will

13、Start Standby AC Pump if Not Failed)CDB 55 PSID (Higher of PT620 and PT621 minus PT616)Trip 20 PSID (Higher of PT620 and PT621 minus PT616)Control Commands SOV603 to Choose Higher of PT620/PT621NOTE: Units for PT616 (PSIG) and PT620/PT621 (PSIA) Must be Made Common by Adding 14.7 to PT616 or Subtrac

14、ting 14.7 From PT620/PT621.FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 Low PT616:Bad PT Pump Element/Relief Valve, Misadjusted PDCV601, CollapsedSupply Hose, BV618 Not Fully Open, Sticky Check Valve on Dischargeof Standby AC Pump or DC Pump, Leaking Shaft Seal on Standby ACPump or DC Pump, LeaksFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理 FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理PT62

15、0 (PT #7 Lube Oil Scavenge Pressure)Normal Operating Range 5 9 PSIAAlarm and CDB Based on a Curve vs. NLRHigh PT620:Leaking, Damaged, or Collapsed Hoses, Loose Fittings (Including SenseLines), Bad PT Pump, Leaking Chip Detector O-Rings, Leaking #7Carbon Seal.FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理PT621 (PT #8/9 Lube Oil Sca

16、venge Pressure)Normal Operating Range 10 15 PSIAAlarm and CDB Based on a Curve vs. NLRHigh PT621:Leaking, Damaged, or Collapsed Hoses, Loose Fittings (Including SenseLines), Bad PT Pump, Leaking Chip Detector O-Rings, Leaking #8 or #9Carbon Seals. (Also See SB 01M01)FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理FT8燃氣

17、輪機事故分析和處理HYDRAULIC START PAC HINTSPT101 (High Pressure)Normal Set Point 4800 PSIGHigh PT101 Limit = 5300 PSIGLow PT101 and/or NH During Start:Pump Pressure Limiter (Compensator) Requires AdjustmentReturn Check Valve Not Seated on Opposite GG (TWINPAC Only)Creates Leak Path, Loss of PressureInsert Ty

18、pe Valves Located in ManifoldHigh PT101 Prior to Start CommandPump Pressure Limiter (Compensator) MisadjustedSwashplate Not Going Back to NeutralFT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理PT102 (Charge Pressure)Normal Set Point 350 PSIGLow PT102 Limit = 250 PSIGLow PT102:Adjust Charge Pressure Relief ValveAll FT8s Should Have Screw Adjustable PRVs, Not Shim Type.Orientation of Pump is Not the Same as in Manual (PRF 6:00)FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理FT8燃氣輪機事故分析和處理WHAT CAUSES LOSS OF OIL WHEN GG IS NOT RUNNING?When PT Pumps Are Running, and GG Is Not Fired, Scavenge Discharge OilFrom the PT Pumps Can Back up Into the GG Scavenge / Breat