高二英語(yǔ)選修三單元語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示一種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示一種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè),該語(yǔ)法主要該語(yǔ)法主要用于用于if條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句,也可用于也可用于主語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句從句、賓語(yǔ)從句等。等。虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句條件從句條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)形式與過去相反與過去相反If I (you, he/she, they, we )+had +過去分詞過去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過去分過去分詞詞與過去相反與過去相反2.如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會(huì)干得這樣好。如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會(huì)干得這樣好。 If I

2、_time last night, I _ to see the film with you .If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間, 這時(shí)主這時(shí)主從句位于動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式因時(shí)間不同從句位于動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同而不同, 這叫做混合條件句這叫做混合條件句.例句中從句與過去事實(shí)相反例句中從句與過去事實(shí)相反, 主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反條件從句條件從句條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)形式與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在相反相反If I

3、(you, he/she, they, we )+動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在相反相反What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery,I wouldIf I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.If I _a teacher, I.條件從句條件從句條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)

4、的謂語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)形式與與將來將來相反相反If I (you, he/she, they, we )+動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式If I (you, he/she, they, we )+should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形If I (you, he/she, they, we )+were to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形與與將來將來相反相反If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If

5、you were to succeed, everything would be all right.If he got up early, he would be on timewishIn Subjunctive moodI wish every day were my birthday.I wish / wished I hadnteaten so much watermelon.與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反+would /could/ might +do(將來不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望將來不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 )He behaves as if he owned the house.( But

6、he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.)He talks about Rome as though hehad been there himself.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在句型在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that . ” 中，中，that 后面的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用：后面的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用： should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 例句例句Its necessary that

7、 we should have a walk now. 我們有必要出去散散步。我們有必要出去散散步。 Its natural that she should do so. 她這樣做是很自然的。她這樣做是很自然的。1.Its important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。重要的是我們要照顧好病人。 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣幾個(gè)特例幾個(gè)特例1. if only 意為：若是意為：若是.那該多好啊那該多好啊; 真希望真希望.; 只要只要, 只要只要.就好就好 表示現(xiàn)在的情況表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過去式應(yīng)用過去式; 如果是

8、過去的情況如果是過去的情況,應(yīng)應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)用過去完成時(shí)態(tài) If only I had arrived in time! If only she didnt drive so fast.2. Its (high/right) time that that 從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：過去時(shí)或過去時(shí)或should + do Its time that you left/should leave here.3. 一些介詞短語(yǔ)一些介詞短語(yǔ), 如如:but for(要不是要不是), without, otherwise(否則否則), 等等表示含蓄的條件表示含蓄的條件,這時(shí)主這時(shí)主句要用虛擬語(yǔ)

9、氣句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 Without your help, we would not have made such rapid progress. But for my brothers help, I would not have finished it on time. I had to do sth.more important,otherwise I might have helped.虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣幾個(gè)特例幾個(gè)特例Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would

10、miss D. missed2.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy.He would be still alive today if he _ that drug.A.not take B.shouldnt have takenC.didnt take D.hadnt taken3. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得飽吃得飽), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D.

11、should get4. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been5. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had be

12、en broken 7.(2002上海高考題上海高考題)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall 8.If it _ so hard，wed go to town. A.isnt raining B.werent raining C

13、.doesnt rain D.has rain 9.I wish I _ you yesterday. A.saw B.did see C.had seen D.were to see 10.His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan. A.didnt agree B.hadnt agreed C.wouldnt agree D.not agree 11.The father insisted his daughter _ a rich man. A.would be engaged to B.be engaged to C.should engaged to D.must be engaged to 12.You _ earlier.The