一般過去時、過去進(jìn)行時、過去完成時.ppt

1、一般過去時,知識結(jié)構(gòu),一般過去時,構(gòu)成,用法,常用時間,動詞的過去式,1、表示過去某個時 間發(fā)生的動作或 存在的狀態(tài)。 2、表示過去經(jīng)常或 反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。,yesterday last night in 1990 two days ago,用 法,1、表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 He was here yesterday. I got up at six thirty yesterday morning. My father was at work yesterday afternoon. Did you have a good time last summer?,2、表示過去

2、經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。 My father often went to work by bus last year. When I was a child, I often listened to music.,常用時間,常與一般過去時態(tài)連用的時間有：,yesterday yesterday morning (afternoon, evening) last night (week, month, year) two days ago, a week ago, three years ago in 1990, (in 1998),過去進(jìn)行時,基本概念：過去進(jìn)行時表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)

3、進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。 基本結(jié)構(gòu) 主語+was/were + doing +其他內(nèi)容 注:doing 就是現(xiàn)在分詞，詞形變化與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時相同,常用的時間狀語,this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while , at that time, just now,用法,1. 過去進(jìn)行時的基本用法主要表示過去某一時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。 如： He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看書時睡著了。,2. 過去進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語氣

4、委婉、客氣。 如： I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否讓我搭一下車 【注】一般過去時也有類似用法，但比較而言，用過去進(jìn)行時顯得更客氣，更不肯定。能否讓我搭一下車。,3. 過去進(jìn)行時表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時相似，過去進(jìn)行時也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩，也通常與 always, forever, continually等副詞連用。 如： They were always quarrelling. 他們老是吵架。,4. 動詞be的過去進(jìn)行時也可表示過去一時的表現(xiàn)或暫時的狀態(tài)。 比較： He was friendly. 他

5、很友好。 (指過去長期如此) He was being friendly. 他當(dāng)時顯得很友好。(指當(dāng)時一時的表現(xiàn)),一般過去時與過去進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別,1、一般過時往往表示某一動作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時卻表示動作在持續(xù)或未完成。 比較： She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。 (信寫完了) She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。 (信不一定寫完),2、一般過去時表示只做一次動作，而過去進(jìn)行時卻表示動作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。 如： She waved

6、to me. 她朝我揮了揮手。 She was waving to me. 她一直朝我揮手。,3、句中有a moment ago之類的短語一般用一般過去時。 4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之類的狀語一般用過去進(jìn)行時。過去進(jìn)行時可以用來代替一般過去時，表示更為偶然而非預(yù)定的動作： I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟湯姆聊天來著。,典型的例子,1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. wa

7、s making D. makes 答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時。同 時，when表時間的同時性，瑪麗在做衣服時提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時。,2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為當(dāng)之時。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進(jìn)行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。句中的

8、fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。,單項選擇題 1. My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom _ into the house when no one _. A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had looked D

9、. was slipping, looked,3.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I dont think Jim saw me; he _ into space. A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared,5.I first met Lisa three ye

10、ars ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 6.-Hey, look where you are going! -Oh, Im terribly sorry._. A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. I havent noticed D. I didnt notice,7. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he

11、 saw it. A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel 8. I _ my breakfast when the morning post came. A. had B. had been having C. have been having D. was having,填入以下單詞的正確形式 1. It was warm, so I _off my coat (take). 2. John_ (take) a photograph of me while I _(not/look). 3. Ja

12、ne_(wait) for me when I _(arrive). 4.When I was young, I_(want) to be a bus driver.,5. My brother came into the bedroom while I _(dance). 6. _he _ (lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening? 7. What _ Jim _ (write) when the teacher came in? 8. The Reads _ (not have) lunch when I got to their hous

13、e. 9. Mike and I _(play) basketball at that time yesterday afternoon.,過去完成時態(tài),2. 過去完成時可以表示過去某一時刻 或某一動作之前完成的動作或呈現(xiàn) 的狀態(tài)。也就是說發(fā)生在“過去的 過去”。,1. Past perfect Tense 過去完成時 構(gòu)成：had過去分詞,6:00 7:00 現(xiàn)在,By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes.,The differences between Present Perfect tense a

14、nd Past Perfect tense.,現(xiàn)在完成時: 主語 + have / has done 過去完成時: 主語 + had done,1.我到家時她已經(jīng)睡了。,By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed.,2.到昨天晚上時消息已傳遍全球。,By yesterday evening the news had spread through the world.,3.他走以后我找到了那封信。,I found the letter after he had gone away.,We reached the cinema late.

15、 The film had already been on for ten minutes.,4.我們到電影院晚了,電影已經(jīng)開始十分鐘了。,常用的時間狀語等標(biāo)志詞： 1、by, before, when, by the time等構(gòu)成的短語或引導(dǎo)的從句。 Eg. 1)By the time she came to the bus stop, the bus had already gone. 2) We had finished the task before midnight. 3) When I arrived at the post office, I found that I had

16、left the letter at home. 4) After I had finished my homework, I went to bed.,2、 由said, told, knew, heard, thought 等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中。 Eg. He told me that he had heard of it. I thought my homework had been fininshed. But I didnt. 3、 從過去開始， 一直持續(xù)到過去的另一時間的動作、狀態(tài)。常用since，for. Eg. She said that she had learned Engl

17、ish for years since he came to our school 注意：瞬間動詞不能和一段時間狀語，及since, for 引導(dǎo)的從句和短語連用。,Eg. 1.When I got to the cinema, the film had begun for ten minutes. 2.When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for ten minutes. 3.He said the door had been opend for long. 4.He said the door had opened for long.

18、 5.He said the door had been open for long.,翻譯下列各句： 1、當(dāng)我到達(dá)音樂廳的時，這名流行歌手已經(jīng)離開了。 2、到昨天早上，他已經(jīng)給我打了好幾個電話了。 3、當(dāng)醫(yī)生被派人請來時，這個病人已經(jīng)等了10分鐘了。 4、我昨天看到Jim了。我們已經(jīng)5年沒有見面了。 5、昨天我把我借的那本小說還給了圖書管。,Can you do it?,By yesterday morning, he _(call) me ten times. The patient _(die) when the doctor arrived. I saw Lin Feng yesterday. We _(not meet) each other for five years.,had called,had died,had not met,4. I returned the book that I_(borrow). 5. He said that he _(know) her w